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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Anaesthesia 47 (1992), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Forty-three surgical patients were, during general anaesthesia, presented (via headphones) with either statements about common facts of some years ago (group A), or new verbal associations, i.e. the names of fictitious, nonfamous people (group B). None had any recall of intra-operative events. In a postoperative test of indirect memory, patients in group A answered more questions about the ‘common facts’ correctly than those in group B (p 〈 0.005), which reflects the activation of pre-existing knowledge. Furthermore, patients in group B designated more ‘nonfamous names’ as famous (thus falsely attributing fame) than patients in group A (p 〈 0.001), which demonstrates that information-processing during anaesthesia can also take place as unconscious learning.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Anaesthesia 50 (1995), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Eighty-three patients were given midazolam 0.1 mg.kg-1 by intramuscular injection as premedication before general anaesthesia with alfentanil-nitrous oxide. During anaesthesia patients were presented (through headphones) with either statements about common facts of some years ago (group A) (n = 43) or new verbal associations, e.g. names of fictitious, nonfamous people (group B) (n = 40). In a previous study with the same anaesthetic technique, but without premedication there was significant activation of implicit memory (p 〈 0.001). In this study we found no explicit or implicit memory for the auditory information presented during anaesthesia. Midazolam premedication can prevent implicit memory activation during alfentanil-nitrous oxide anaesthesia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 13
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The efficacy of thoracic epidural sufentanil 50 μg was compared with bupivacaine 0.5% with adrenaline 5 μg.ml-1 (dose 40 mg) or saline, in 30 patients (n = 10 in each group) undergoing lateral thoracotomy. Sufentanil, bupivacaine or saline was administered epidurally after induction of anaesthesia with sufentanil 1 μg.kg-1 and thiopentone 2–5 mg.kg-1. Anaesthesia was maintained with nitrous oxide 66% and halothane 0.3%. Supplementary sufentanil 25 μg was given whenever the systolic arterial blood pressure increased more than 15 mmHg above the pre-operative value, whenever heart rate exceeded 90 beat. Min-1 in the absence of hypovolaemia, or when other autonomic or somatic signs occurred. Fewer patients in the epidural sufentanil (n = 4, p 〈 0.005) and bupivacaine (n = 1, p 〈 0.001) groups required supplementary sufentanil compared to the placebo group, in which all patients needed supplementary sufentanil, but there was no statistical difference between the sufentanil and bupivacaine groups. One or more hypotensive episodes occurred in five patients in the sufentanil group, in all patients in the bupivacaine group and in no patient in the placebo group, and the differences were significant (p 〈 0.02).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Anaesthesia 43 (1988), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The use of a computer-assisted infusion of alfentanil, combined with 66% nitrous oxide in oxygen, for induction and maintenance of anaesthesia was evaluated in IS elderly patients. The target alfentanil concentration for induction was varied between 300 and 475 ng/ml, to be achieved in 2 minutes. During maintenance, the alfentanil concentration was increased or decreased according to each patient's responses. Arterial blood samples were taken for measurement of alfentanil concentration. There were high incidences of muscle rigidity, bradycardia and hypotension during induction. Hypotension was dose- and concentration-dependent. Signs of light anaesthesia during maintenance were controlled rapidly by increasing the target plasma concentration. Nine patients required naloxone at the end of surgery. Ventilatory depression recurred in three of these. The use of published alfentanil pharmacokinetic data from elderly patients to predict plasma concentrations during prolonged infusion resulted in significant prediction errors, notably in the higher concentration range.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 35 (1988), S. 491-494 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: ketorolac ; morphine ; ventilation ; CO2 response
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary We have compared the effect on ventilation of ketorolac, an injectable non-steroidal analgesic, with that of morphine in a randomized, double-blind, cross-over study, using two doses of ketorolac (10 and 90 mg i.m.) and one of morphine (10 mg i.m.). The effect on ventilation was measured with a CO2 rebreathing technique. As a measure of the effect we studied the increase in PETCO2 (CO2 shift) that caused a respiratory minute volume (RMV) equal to the RMV in the control period at 8 kPa PETCO2. Ketorolac caused insignificant CO2 shifts of about 0.10 kPa, while morphine caused a significant CO2 shift of 0.86 kPa. We conclude that ketorolac in analgesic and supra-analgesic doses has no effect on the ventilatory response to CO2 under circumstances in which significant effects are seen with morphine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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