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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International ophthalmology 11 (1988), S. 139-149 
    ISSN: 1573-2630
    Keywords: lens ; colour ; brunescence ; grading ; age
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The nuclear colour of in vivo human lenses has been investigated by means of a colour matching technique, using ‘Munsell’ colour samples. Observations covered an extended age range, and included all degrees of nuclear pigmentation. A positive correlation was noted between increasing nuclear pigmentation and age. The colour matching data generated was used as a basis for establishing a system of nuclear brunescence grading. The system of grading consists of a Grade 0 for absence of brunescence, and Grade 1 to Grade 5 for increasing brunescence. The ‘Munsell’ notation for samples representing these grades are: Grade 0 (5GY 6/1), Grade 1 (5Y 7/4), Grade 2 (2.5Y 7/8), Grade 3 (7.5YR 6/8), Grade 4 (5YR 4/6), and Grade 5 (2.5YR 2.5/2). Assessments of both inter- and intra-observer variability in the use of the derived scale have shown the new colour grading system to be reliable. The measure is simple to use during biomicroscopic slit-lamp examination of the lens, and has the potential for routine clinical application as well as for use in clinical trials where detailed documentation of lens morphology is required. The new colour scale may be used either as an isolated measure, or as part of a battery of lens measures in the Oxford Clinical Cataract Classification and Grading system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International ophthalmology 15 (1991), S. 139-142 
    ISSN: 1573-2630
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The Acuityscope projects an image of a three bar resolution test target onto the patient's retina, where it is viewed and read by an observer. The test target consists of a series of three bar targets varying in size on a logarithmic scale. Individual targets are identified in the projected image by Bailey-Lovie log visual acuity equivalents. The projected image includes only those target sizes which are useful for estimating visual acuity.The Acuityscope is used for assessing the quality of retinal image formation, and is thus able to differentiate between poor visual acuity due to image degradation, (e.g. cataract or corneal disease) and poor visual acuity due to image handling defects (e.g. retinal or optic nerve disease). The use of the instrument is relevant to both clinical situations (e.g. pre-operative assessment of opacification of optical media) and expermental situations (e.g. clinical trials).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International ophthalmology 16 (1992), S. 191-193 
    ISSN: 1573-2630
    Keywords: anterior segment ; photography ; retro-illumination
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The use of the Oxford retro-illumination camera in documenting cataract is now well established. Repeatability has been shown to be good. This article describes its use in photographing the anterior segment of the eye.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 14
    ISSN: 1573-2630
    Keywords: observer variability ; cataract ; classification ; grading ; Kappa statistic
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Intra-observer (within observers) and inter-observer (between observers) variability of the Oxford Clinical Cataract Classification and Grading System were studied. Twenty cataracts were examined and scored independently by four observers. On a separate occasion two of the observers repeated the assessments of the same cataracts in the absence of information from the initial observations. The chance corrected and weighted kappa statistics for observer agreement, both for inter-observer and intra-observer variability demonstrated satisfactory repeatibility of the cataract grading system. The overall intra-observer mean weighted kappa was χw = +0.68 (range SE χ = 0.012–0.052) and the overall inter-observer mean weighted kappa was χw = +0.55 (range SE χ = 0.011–0.043).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International ophthalmology 12 (1988), S. 227-235 
    ISSN: 1573-2630
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International ophthalmology 15 (1991), S. 87-91 
    ISSN: 1573-2630
    Keywords: lens growth ; posterior subcapsular cataract ; Scheimpflug photography ; natural history
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Over a period of 5 years, the lenses of a patient with a unilateral posterior subcapsular cataract were documented using Scheimpflug slit-image photography. For the first time ever, a growth spurt was observed of the cataractous lens. It is postulated that this could be a reflection of either a mitotic spurt of the lens epithelium or a failure of compaction of the the deeper lens fibres.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International ophthalmology 15 (1991), S. 139-142 
    ISSN: 1573-2630
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The Acuityscope projects an image of a three bar resolution test target onto the patient's retina, where it is viewed and read by an observer. The test target consists of a series of three bar targets varying in size on a logarithmic scale. Individual targets are identified in the projected image by Bailey-Lovie log visual acuity equivalents. The projected image includes only those target sizes which are useful for estimating visual acuity.The Acuityscope is used for assessing the quality of retinal image formation, and is thus able to differentiate between poor visual acuity due to image degradation, (e.g. cataract or corneal disease) and poor visual acuity due to image handling defects (e.g. retinal or optic nerve disease). The use of the instrument is relevant to both clinical situations (e.g. pre-operative assessment of opacification of optical media) and expermental situations (e.g. clinical trials).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International ophthalmology 15 (1991), S. 87-91 
    ISSN: 1573-2630
    Keywords: lens growth ; posterior subcapsular cataract ; Scheimpflug photography ; natural history
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Over a period of 5 years, the lenses of a patient with a unilateral posterior subcapsular cataract were documented using Scheimpflug slit-image photography. For the first time ever, a growth spurt was observed of the cataractous lens. It is postulated that this could be a reflection of either a mitotic spurt of the lens epithelium or a failure of compaction of the the deeper lens fibres.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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  • 19
    ISSN: 0265-9247
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The Drosophila position-specific (PS) integrins are members of the integrin family of cell surface receptors and are thought to be receptors for extracellular matrix components. Each PS integrin consists of an α subunit, αPS1 or αPS2, and a βPS subunit. Mutations in the βPS subunit and the αPS2 subunit have been characterised and reveal that the PS integrins have an essential role in the adhesion of different cell layers to each other. The PS integrins are especially required for the function of the cell-matrix-cell junctions, where the muscles attach to the epidermis and where one surface of the developing wing adheres to the other. These junctions are similar to vertebrate focal adhesions and hemidesmosomes, which also contain integrins. Integrin-mediated cell to cell adhesion via the extracellular matrix provides a way for tissues to adhere to each other without intermingling of their cells.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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