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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 54 (1989), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Isothermal microcalorimetric analysis of cut fresh pineapple was used to examine metabolic events occurring in the fruit under different storage conditions. The results define conditions most suited for cut pineapple storage. The baseline heat production for pineapple tissue is quite low (0.2 μW per mg wet weight). During storage, heat producing metabolic reactions develop which cause spoilage of the fruit. The time course of heat production during storage is affected by changes in atmosphere and by chemical treatments. Effects of inhibitor and antibiotic additions indicate that most of the heat production associated with spoilage is related to the growth of microbial flora.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 12
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Calorimetry ; Chilling ; Heat-stress injury ; Lycopersicon
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The temperature dependence of the metabolic rates of cultured tomato cells (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) has been studied by differential scanning calorimetry as a continuous function over the range from near 0 to above 45°C. Metabolic rates increase exponentially with temperature over the permissive range for growth (approx. 10–30°C). Outside this range irreversible loss of metabolic activity occurs. The rate of activity loss is time and temperature dependent, increasing as the exposure temperature diverges from the permissive range and increasing with time at any nonpermissive temperature. Metabolic heat rates obtained while scanning down from intermediate (25°C) to low temperature (0°C) yielded Arrhenius plots with pronounced downward curvature below about 12°C. The increase in apparent activation energy below 12°C is a function of the scan rate, showing its time dependency. This time dependency caused by inactivation confounds many estimates of apparent activation energy. Scanning up to high temperature shows that activity loss at high temperature is also time and temperature dependent. No first-order phase transitions associated with the changes in metabolism were detected at either low or high temperatures. Studies with lamellar lipid preparations added to cells show that temperature-induced transitions of lipids at levels equivalent to 4% of the lipid content of the cells were detectable. Cells with altered lipid composition showed altered temperature dependence of inactivation. High pressures (in the range from 10 to 14 MPa) shift the high temperature threshold and the rate of metabolic activity loss, supporting a postulate that higher-order transitions may be associated with inactivation of metabolism. Higher-order transitions of lipids or first-order transitions encompassing only a small fraction of total lipid remain among several viable postulates to explain temperature-dependent loss in activity. Alternative postulates are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 13
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The Arabian Gulf catfish Arius thallasinus excretes copious amounts of proteinaceous gel from epidermal cells when threatened or injured. As a means of investigating its biological role, this gel material has been examined to determine the nature of the secretion and its associated biological activities. Over 85% of the dry weight of the gel material is protein with small amounts of lipids, carbohydrates and nucleic acid components. Most of the protein exists as a high molecular weight aggregate of predominantly 13 500 molecular weight monomeric units. Several lytic enzyme activities are found in the gel secretion, one of which catalyzes lysis of red blood cells. Other factors induce clotting in citrate treated plasma and agglutination of red blood cells. The enzymic properties of the gel secretion resemble those of some animal venoms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Marine biology 88 (1985), S. 117-123 
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The Arabian Gulf catfish (Arius thalassinus, Rüppell) secrete a thick layer of proteinaceous material when threatened or injured. The chemical and pharmacological properties of this material indicate that it may promote the healing of wounds. These studies suggest that the abrupt secretion of mucous-like gel in response to a perceived hazard is an externally expressed defense response; the secretion may have a primary function in healing injury beyond the commonly postulated roles of deterring predators or facilitating escape.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 15
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Calorimetry ; Cell culture (temperature responses) ; Lysopersicon (temperature responses) ; Temperature response and stress
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Precise time and temperature dependences of the decrease of metabolism of cultured cells of tomato (Lysopersicon esculentum (L.) Mill. L. peruvianum (L.) Mill.) resulting from exposures to high and low temperatures were determined. Equations of the form Ln (activity)= C +1 [A+(T-Tm)N+B] describe thermal inactivation and allow prediction of activity loss following any thermal excursion beyond limits of temperature stability. The experimental parameters A, B, C and N derived from these equations allow precise comparison of temperature sensitivities of cells. Analysis of metabolic heat rates, O2-consumption rates and CO2-evolution rates demonstrated simultaneous shifts in metabolic pathways and metabolic activities towards more anaerobic metabolism below about 12° C and at high temperatures that stress growth of tomato cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 16
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The treatment of yeast cells with high levels of ethidium bromide causes a rapid induction of respiratory deficient mutants followed by a period of recovery to respiratory competence in 60 to 70% of the cells. Prolonged exposure then results in a final irreversible phase of petite formation. Sucrose gradient sedimentation analysis of 3H-adenine labelled mtDNA indicates that limited fragmentation (to about 16-18S) occurs during the initial phase of petite induction followed by a reassembly of the fragments during the period corresponding to the recovery of respiratory competence. The reassembly is associated with an ethidium bromide insensitive incorporation of 3H-adenine into mtDNA at a level consistent with repair synthesis. Genetic analyses, based on the transmission of five markers carried on the mtDNA of “repaired ρ+” clones, suggests that reassembly occurs with a high degree of fidelity, though in two of a total of twenty five clones differences in marker transmission frequency were observed which could possibly reflect an altered gene order. In addition, a description is given of the marked changes in the suppressive nature of the treated cells and the temporary reduction in the capacity for marker transmission seen to accompany the transitory fragmentation of the mtDNA. The final phase of petite induction is an energy dependent degradation of the mtDNA to produce a ρ0 culture.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 17
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary When growing cultures of S. cerevisiae are treated with high concentrations of ethidium bromide (〉50 μg/ml), three phases of petite induction may be observed: I. the majority of cells are rapidly converted to petite, II. subsequently a large proportion of cells recover the ability to form respiratory competent clones, and III. slow, irreversible conversion of all cells to petite. The extent of recovery of respiratory competence observed is dependent on the strain of S. cerevisiae employed and the temperature and the carbon source used in the growth medium. The effects of 100 μg/ml ethidium bromide are also produced by 10 μg/ml ethidium bromide in the presence of the detergent, sodium dodecyl sulphate, and recovery is also observed when cells are treated with 10 μg/ml ethidium bromide under starvation conditions. Genetic analysis of strain differences indicates that a number of nuclear genes influence petite induction by ethidium bromide. In one strain, S288C, petite induction by 100 μg/ml ethidium bromide is extremely slow under certain conditions. Mitochondria isolated from S288C lack the ethidium bromide stimulated nuclease activity found in D243-4A, a strain which shows triphasic kinetics of petite formation. This enzyme may, therefore, be responsible for the initial phase of rapid petite formation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Supramolecular Structure 1 (1972), S. 145-152 
    ISSN: 0091-7419
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Molecular Cell Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: When haploid yeast strains containing mitochondrial DNAs (mtDNAs) of different buoyant densities are mated, the resulting zygotes contain a mixed population of mitochondria and mitochondrial DNAs. During vegetative growth of diploid cells formed from such a cross between a petite strain with mtDNA of density 1.677 g cm-3 and a respiratory competent strain with mtDNA of density 1.684 g cm-3, mtDNAs with intermediate buoyant densities are obtained. Virtually all newly synthesized mtDNA in diploid ρ- progeny has the intermediate buoyant density. Therefore, within 2 generations of growth of the diploid cells, the intermediate buoyant density species predominate. In crosses between a respiratory competent strain and other petite strains with different values of genetic suppressiveness, it was found that the amount of recombination yielding mtDNAs of intermediate buoyant densities roughly parallels the degree of suppressiveness. Individual clones of respiratory deficient cells from such crosses were also isolated to confirm that stable mtDNAs with intermediate buoyant densities were obtained. Thus, it is apparent that some form of recombination takes place within the mtDNAs of yeast cells that results in stable mtDNA species.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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