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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of solid state electrochemistry 2 (1998), S. 413-419 
    ISSN: 1433-0768
    Keywords: Key words Abrasive stripping voltammetry ; X-ray powder diffractometry ; Manganates ; Solid state electrochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Abrasive stripping voltammetry is applied in order to characterize barium and strontium manganates-(V) and -(VI) in solid state phases. Voltammetric reduction peak potential values of KBaMnO4, Ba3(MnO4)2, Ba3(MnO4)2− x (BO3) x (x=0.031(1)), Ba5(MnO4)3OH, Ba5(MnO4)3Cl, Sr5(MnO4)3OH and BaMnO4 are shown to be proportional to the corresponding average Mn-O distances, which were determined from X-ray powder diffractometric data through Rietveld refinement analyses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of solid state electrochemistry 3 (1999), S. 117-120 
    ISSN: 1433-0768
    Keywords: Key words Electrochemistry ; Manganates(V) ; Mn oxides
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Potential pulse chonoamperometry was applied to immobilized microparticles of manganates(V) and MnO2 in order to compare the nature of the rate determining step in their reduction. Manganates(V) were found to be reduced by an irreversible one-electron surface reaction, whereas MnO2 reduction is controlled by a reversible reaction coupled to solid-state diffusion. The key importance of the coordination preferences of reacting metal ions on the surface layer of the solid particles is also discussed with respect to known mechanisms of electrochemical dissolution of Fe and Cr oxides.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 13
    ISSN: 1433-0423
    Keywords: Key words Scanning laser tomography ; Scanning laser ophthalmoscope ; Fundus perimetry ; Optic disc type ; Schlüsselwörter Scanning-Laser-Tomographie ; Scanning-Laser-Ophthalmoskop ; Fundusperimetrie ; Papillentyp
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Fragestellung: Wir wollten herausfinden, ob die Form der Papillenoberfläche die Lage der Außengrenzen bzw. die Größe des blinden Flecks beeinflußt. Patienten und Methode: Wir untersuchten 10 Augen mit einem temporalen parapapillaren Konus (und flacher temporaler Exkavation der Papille) und als Kontrollgruppe 6 Augen ohne Konus. Die Kontrollaugen wiesen keine oder eine ,,normale`` zentrale Exkavation auf. Mittels Fundusperimetrie mit dem Scanning-Laser-Ophthalmoskop (SLO) untersuchten wir die Lichtunterschiedsempfindlichkeit (LUE) entlang des horizontalen Meridians der Papillen. Die Oberflächenform der Papillen wurde mit dem Heidelberg-Retinatomographen (HRT) bestimmt. Ergebnisse: Stimuli mit hoher Leuchtdichte (Goldmann IV, 4 dB) wurden in den 10 Augen mit Konus nur bis 0,8° innerhalb des temporalen Rands des Konus, aber bis 1,9° innerhalb des nasalen Papillenrands gesehen. Diese Papillen hatten immer einen prominenten nasalen Papillenrand im Gegensatz zu einer flachen Exkavation temporal. Eine solche nasotemporale Asymmetrie, weder bezüglich der Struktur noch bezüglich der Funktion, konnte bei keinem der 6 Kontrollaugen nachgewiesen werden. Schlußfolgerung: Die Größe eines Skotoms hängt auch von der Oberflächenform des getesteten Gebiets ab. Prominente Anteile der Papille erscheinen weniger blind als flache Anteile, wahrscheinlich weil sie Licht auf empfindliche benachbarte Netzhautanteile streuen.
    Notes: Background: We wanted to find out whether the borders of the blind spot depend on the surface topography of the optic disc and its surrounding area. Patients and methods: We therefore examined ten eyes with parapapillary atrophy adjacent to the temporal side of the disc. Fundus perimetry was performed under direct fundus control using a Rodenstock scanning laser ophthalmoscope. We examined the horizontal meridian of the optic discs in 0.5° steps using Goldmann IV-stimuli with 10 different degrees of brightness and the Goldmann stimulus I, 0 dB (greatest luminance). Six eyes with symmetric, ,,normal`` excavation served as controls. Optic disc topography was measured with the Heidelberg Retina Tomograph (HRT). Results: Stimuli with a large luminance power (Goldmann IV, 4 dB) were seen up to 0.8° centrally (i. e., towards the optic disc center) from the temporal edge of the parapapillary atrophy, but up to 1.9° centrally from the nasal optic disc border (P〈0.01). Horizontal HRT section profiles of the optic disc consistently showed prominent nasal disc borders contrasting with a shallow excavation within the temporal parapapillary atrophy. In all six subjects with a normally shaped disc there was no such ,,naso-temporal asymmetry.`` Conclusions: The size of scotomas depends on the surface topography of the tested area. The prominent nasal part of the optic disc appears less ,,blind`` than the shallow temporal part, probably due to more intensive light scattering by the prominent nasal part of the disc.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Surgical endoscopy and other interventional techniques 1 (1987), S. 211-216 
    ISSN: 1432-2218
    Keywords: Laparoscopic appendectomy in women ; Appendicitis and appendectomy in pregnancy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Experience and the surgical technique of laparoscopic appendectomy in 70 female patients over a period of more than three years is described. Three women were pregnant. Complications occurred in one case.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of nondestructive evaluation 12 (1993), S. 153-162 
    ISSN: 1573-4862
    Keywords: Nondestructive testing ; eddy current imaging ; broadband holography ; synthetic aperture imaging ; phase multiplication ; image reconstruction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract In this paper an eddy current imaging method for nondestructive testing purposes is presented which utilizes the concept of broadband holography. An eddy current coil which is used simultaneously as an antenna for eddy current generation and as a probe for detection of response of interaction between eddy currents and flaws, respectively, is moved along a synthetic aperture during the imaging procedure generating synthetic eddy current pulses by scanning a certain frequency range. In terms of wave propagation phenomena the penetration depth (range) of eddy currents in conducting media is small compared to the equivalent wavelength of this type of fields. Therefore, adequate resolution can only be obtained in the reconstructed cross-sectional images by phase multiplication of received multifrequency signals, which is equivalent to a fictitious reduction of wavelengths. Experimental results verify the imaging capability of this method with improved resolution compared to conventional eddy current testing methods.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 16
    ISSN: 1432-2277
    Keywords: Key words Chronic anemia ; heart transplantation ; prognosis ; Heart transplantation ; chronic anemia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The clinical relevance of mild chronic anemia in patients after heart transplantation (HTX) has not yet been demonstrated. Forty-five outpatients who had undergone HTX 2–99 months prior to investigation and who had not received blood transfusions or erythropoietin (EPO) before data acquisition were observed over a period of 37 months. Anemia was found in 36 of the 45 patients and was normocytic, normochromic, and slightly anisocytotic (coefficient of variation = 16 ± 2, normal 11.5–14.5). Anemic patients showed elevated EPO levels, whereas in nonanemic patients EPO levels were normal. Survival after HTX differed significantly in anemic and nonanemic patients (P 〈 0.02), with 100 % survival in the nonanemic and 85 % in the anemic group. Chronic anemia in patients after HTX shows a typical pattern. Even when mild, anemia in patients after HTX seems to be of prognostic value and thus might be an indicator of chronic disorders.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Surgical endoscopy and other interventional techniques 4 (1990), S. 100-102 
    ISSN: 1432-2218
    Keywords: Appendicitis ; Pregnancy ; Laparoscopic appendectomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Since 1982 we have operated on more than 150 patients using the laparoscopic appendectomy technique. Our complication rate was 0.75% and the patients included six pregnant women in all stages of pregnancy. There were no complications in this group of six women.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 18
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Key words: Pinealocytes ; Cyclic AMP responsive element binding protein (CREB) ; Phosphorylated CREB ; β-Adrenergic receptor ; S-antigen (arrestin) ; Transcription factors ; Cell culture (Rat ; Wistar)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. In the present study we investigated whether norepinephrine, which stimulates melatonin biosynthesis in the mammalian pineal organ, causes phosphorylation of the cyclic AMP responsive element binding protein (CREB) in rat pinealocytes. Cells isolated from the pineal organ of adult male rats and cultured on coated coverslips were treated with norepinephrine, β- or α1-adrenergic agonists for 1, 5, 10, 20, 30, 60 or 300 min and then immunocytochemically analyzed with an antibody against phosphorylated CREB (p-CREB). Treatment with norepinephrine or β-adrenergic agonists resulted in a similar, time-dependent induction of p-CREB immunoreactivity, exclusively found in cell nuclei. The α1-adrenergic agonist phenylephrine did not induce p-CREB immunoreactivity at low doses (0.1 μM) or when high doses (10 μM) were applied in combination with a β-antagonist (propranolol, 0.1 μM). This indicates that induction of CREB phosphorylation is elicited by β-adrenergic receptor stimulation. The response was first seen after 10 min and reached a maximum after 30 to 60 min when more than 90% of the cells displayed p-CREB immunoreactivity. The intensity of the p-CREB immunoreactivity showed marked cell-to-cell variation, but nearly all immunoreactive cells were identified as pinealocytes by double-labeling with an antibody against the S-antigen, a pinealocyte-specific marker. The results show that norepinephrine stimulation induces p-CREB immunoreactivity by acting upon β-adrenergic receptors in virtually all rat pinealocytes. The findings support the notion that phosphorylation of CREB is a rather rapid and uniform response of pinealocytes to noradrenergic stimulation and thus is an important link between adrenoreceptor activation and subsequent gene expression in the rat pineal organ.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 19
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Pinealocytes ; Cyclic AMP responsive element binding protein (CREB) ; Phosphorylated CREB ; β-Adrenergic receptor ; S-antigen (arrestin) ; Transcription factors ; Cell culture (Rat, Wistar)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In the present study we investigated whether norepinephrine, which stimulates melatonin biosynthesis in the mammalian pineal organ, causes phosphorylation of the cyclic AMP responsive element binding protein (CREB) in rat pinealocytes. Cells isolated from the pineal organ of adult male rats and cultured on coated coverslips were treated with norepinephrine, β- or α1 agonists for 1, 5, 10, 20, 30, 60 or 300 min and then immunocytochemically analyzed with an antibody against phosphorylated CREB (p-CREB). Treatment with norepinephrine or β-adrenergic agonists resulted in a similar, time-dependent induction of p-CREB immunoreactivity, exclusively found in cell nuclei. The α1 agonist phenylephrine did not induce p-CREB immunoreactivity at low doses (0.1 μM) or when high doses (10 μM) were applied in combination with a β-antagonist (propranolol, 0.1 μM). This indicates that induction of CREB phosphorylation is elicited by β-adrenergic receptor stimulation. The response was first seen after 10 min and reached a maximum after 30 to 60 min when more than 90% of the cells displayed p-CREB immunoreactivity. The intensity of the p-CREB immunoreactivity showed marked cell-to-cell variation, but nearly all immunoreactive cells were identified as pinealocytes by double-labeling with an antibody against the S-antigen, a pinealocyte-specific marker. The results show that norepinephrine stimulation induces p-CREB immunoreactivity by acting upon β-adrenergic receptors in virtually all rat pinealocytes. The findings support the notion that phosphorylation of CREB is a rather rapid and uniform response of pinealocytes to noradrenergic stimulation and thus is an important link between adrenoreceptor activation and subsequent gene expression in the rat pineal organ.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 92 (1933), S. 193-200 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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