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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interaction of adenine and thymine with aqueous sugar solutions (1978)
    Springer
    Journal of solution chemistry 7 (1978), S. 285-289 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8927
    Keywords: Solubilities ; adenine ; thymine ; erythritol ; xylose ; glucose ; sucrose
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The solubility of the nucleic acid bases, adenine and thymine, in aqueous erythritol, xylose, glucose, and sucrose solutions has been studied. The solubility of adenine increases linearly with glucose and sucrose concentration, whereas with the other reagents a nonlinear increase is observed. Below 1.5M reagent concentration, the solubility of adenine increases in the order erythritol 〈 robose, xylose 〈 glucose 〈 sucrose. The solubility of thymine in these solutions, on the other hand, decreases, increases, or does not change depending upon the reagent. The effect of temperature on the solubility of adenine and thymine in sugar solution indicates that the transfer of these molecules from water to sugar solution is exothermic.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00644275
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Organization and dynamics of lipids in bovine brain coated and uncoated vesicles (1984)
    Springer
    European biophysics journal 11 (1984), S. 129-136 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1017
    Keywords: Clathrin coat ; lipid dynamics ; coated vesicles
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Three characteristics have been demonstrated by the chemical analysis of bovine brain coated vesicles following removal of the coat proteins: a high protein content, a high cholesterol/lipid ratio and a high percentage of phosphatidylethanolamine amongst the phospholipids. The study of lipid bilayer organization and dynamics has been performed using the fluorescent probes pyrene and parinaric acid (cis and trans). This has allowed the study of both lateral mobility and rotational motion in the lipid bilayer of the coated and uncoated vesicles. Lateral mobility in the fluid phase of the lipid is slightly reduced by the presence of the clathrin coat, as indicated by the lower diffusion coefficient of pyrene in coated compared with uncoated vesicles. At all temperatures from 6° to 30°C, solid-phase domains, probed by trans parinaric acid, coexist with fluid-phase domains in the lipid bilayer. The temperature dependence of the parinaric acid lifetimes and of their amplitudes strongly suggests that the solid phase domains decrease in size with temperature, both in coated and uncoated vesicles. However, the difference in the value of the anisotropy at long times (r ∞), between coated and uncoated vesicles (a difference which is more pronounced for cis than for trans parinaric acid), indicates that the presence of the clathrin coat introduces disorder in the surrounding lipids, thus suggesting a possible role of the clathrin in the formation of the pits on the plasma membrane.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00276628
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polymerization of human prion peptide HuPrP 106–126 to amyloid in nucleic acid solution (1998)
    Springer
    Archives of virology 143 (1998), S. 1251-1263 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary.  The human prion peptide PrP106–126 polymerizes in the presence of DNA both in its circular and linearized forms under solution conditions where the peptide alone does not polymerize. The polymerization process has been monitored by the increase in the fluorescence of anilino naphthalene sulfonic dye which detects the availability of the hydrophobic surface(s) in the aggregate as a consequence of polymerization. The polymerization is a nucleation dependent phenomenon as is evidenced from an existence of a lag period before the onset of the polymerization and a strong dependence of the polymerization on the prion peptide concentrations. The reaction is dependent on the pH as seen from rapid polymerization at pH 5 compared to the reaction at neutral pH where no polymerization is observed after a relatively long period of incubation. The polymer has been characterized as amyloid by using new absorbing and emitting species resulting from the interaction of the polymer with the amyloid specific fluorescent dye, Thioflavine S. This is probably the first demonstration that an endogenous macromolecule can influence the polymerization of a prion peptide. We have previously shown that there is a conformational change in the nucleic acid as a consequence of this interaction. This prion peptide is considered as a model to understand prion diseases as is evidenced from its toxicity towards primary brain cells in culture. The peptide encompasses one of the important amyloidogenic regions of the normal cellular prion protein. Demonstration of nucleic acid induced polymerization of the normal and scrapie prion isoforms accompanying a change in the nucleic acid conformation can establish a possible role of nucleic acid in prion disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007050050373
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mechanism of entry of a xenotropic MMuLV-derived recombinant retrovirus into porcine cells using the expression of the reporternlslacZ gene (1992)
    Springer
    Archives of virology 124 (1992), S. 57-67 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A xenotropic Moloney murine leukemia virus-derived recombinant retrovirus (MMuLVSVnlslacZ) has been utilized to study the mechanism of virus entry into endothelial and epithelial porcine cells. In the genome of this recombinant retrovirus, thenlslacZ reporter gene is under the transcriptional control of both LTR and SV 40 early promoter. The entry of the retrovirus has been determined from the expression of this transduced reporter gene after its integration into the infected cells. This allows the detection of a very low level of viral infection and hence entry of the virus. Exposure of the virus-cell mixture to acidic pH (〈6) during the early phase of interaction reduces the level of internalization. Cellular infection in presence of weak bases, ammonium chloride and amantadine and an ionophore monensin at concentrations sufficient to neutralize the endosomal pH does not modify the extent of viral entry into the cells. The results indicate that the entry of the recombinant retrovirus into porcine cells takes place by a pH-independent viral membrane-cell plasma membrane fusion mechanism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01314625
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interaction of prion peptide HuPrP106–126 with nucleic acid (1997)
    Springer
    Archives of virology 142 (1997), S. 2537-2545 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary.  Synthetic prion peptide PrP106–126 has been used as a model to understand prion diseases. The conformation of the peptide depends on the environmental conditions and it forms amyloid in vitro. The potential of this prion peptide to interact with nucleic acids has been studied using a fluorescent labelled nucleic acid by kinetic and equilibrium methods. A decrease in the fluorescence of the labelled DNA induced by the peptide with time is observed which is pH, ionic strength and temperature dependent. The activation energy of the reactions is ∼100 kJ mol−1. Lysine tripeptide and spermidine, carrying the same number of positive charges as the prion peptide, do not show an appreciable effect on the DNA. The binding constant between the prion peptide and DNA has a value of 〉106 M−1 in phosphate buffer, pH 8 which is of the same order of magnitude as the binding of a retroviral protein, p10, with model nucleic acids. It is tempting to speculate that this interaction might play a role in the prion diseases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007050050261
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polymerization of murine recombinant prion protein in nucleic acid solution (1999)
    Springer
    Archives of virology 144 (1999), S. 1751-1763 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary.  Recombinant prion protein has been used earlier to understand the structural properties of cellular prion protein PrPC and to understand conformational change of PrPC to its isoform, PrPSc which is believed to be responsible for the prion disease. Here we report that murine recombinant prion protein, MoPrPC polymerizes in the presence of nucleic acid. The aggregation process and the properties of the aggregates have been monitored by physical, biochemical and ultrastructural studies. An increase in the turbidity at 0,90° light scattering is observed when the protein is added to nucleic acid. An increase in the fluorescence of anilino naphthalene sulfonic acid dye (ANS) accompanying a blue shift in its emission maxima is observed when the aggregate obtained from prion protein and DNA reaction is added to it. The kinetics of the increase of the ANS fluorescence during aggregation process show lag periods which depend linearly on the nucleic acid concentration but show a biphasic dependence on the protein concentration. The change in the fluorescence properties of the dye in the presence of the aggregates obtained in the present study and in the presence of the protein PrP 27–30 amyloid isolated in vivo reported in literature are similar. The dye Congo Red binds to the aggregates resulting from the aggregation reaction.The ultrastructural analysis revealed polymeric structures with amyloid like morphologies and smaller oligomeric structures. In addition, condensed nucleic acid structures are also observed which are morphologically different from histone induced condensed nucleic acid structures but are similar to Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 nucleocapsid protein, NCp7, induced nucleic acid structures. The aggregates show resistance to degradation by proteinase K treatment. Charge neutralization resulting from the MoPrPC-DNA interaction and accompanying structural changes in the molecules may explain the observed effects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007050050702
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of sulphur dioxide fumigation on soil system and growth behaviour ofVicia faba plants (1985)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 86 (1985), S. 69-78 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Growth behaviour ; Soil chemical properties ; Sulphur dioxide ; Vicia faba
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary To determine the possible changes in soil characteristics and plant growth resulting from SO2-exposure, field grownVicia faba plants were exposed to 0.5 ppm SO2 for 4 h daily from 40 to 100 days of their ages. The major effects of SO2 on soil system includes increases in contents of total sulphur, organic carbon and exchangeable Al; lowering of pH and decreases in contents of N, P and exchangeable K and Ca. Besides, SO2 interfered with nutrient uptake and plant growth leading to reductions in lengths of root and shoot, numbers of leaves, nodules and pods, phytomass accumulation and net primary productivity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02185026
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    S02-induced enzymatic changes and ascorbic acid oxidation in Oryza sativa (1984)
    Springer
    Water, air & soil pollution 21 (1984), S. 25-32 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2932
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Field grown rice (Oryza sativa L.) plants exposed separately to 0.25 or 0.5 ppm SO2 for 1.5 hr daily for 40 days, showed significant decrease of catalase (p 〈 0.001) and increase of peroxidase (p 〈 0.001) activities as well as decreases of protein (p 〈 0.001) and ascorbic acid (p 〈 0.001) contents associated with leaf lesions, which were proportional to SO2-dose. Catalase and peroxidase activity levels showed an inverse relationship. It is hypothesized from the molecular structure of both enzymes and from the in vitro relationship between catalase and peroxidase activity that the tetrameric molecules of catalase in vivo might disintegrate into monomeric units with peroxidase activity, which in turn oxidise ascorbic acid and may reduce tolerance of plants to SO2.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00163609
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of ozone and sulphur dioxide pollutants separately and in mixture on chlorophyll and carotenoid pigments ofOryza sativa (1982)
    Springer
    Water, air & soil pollution 18 (1982), S. 449-454 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2932
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Exposure of rice plants to low concentrations of O3 and SO2 singly and in combination showed foliar injury of different levels. The maximum leaf injury was noted in case of O3+SO2 treated plants and the minimum in O3 treated ones. Also the reductions in chlorophylla,b and total chlorophyll and carotenoid contents in leaves exposed to O3+SO2 mixtures were higher than the reduction noted in case of each individual pollutant. Thus the results suggest a synergism existing between O3 and SO2 regarding plant injury, especially with respect to chlorophyll and carotenoid contents of rice (Oryza sativa).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02426052
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