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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular basis for erythrocyte Le(a+b+) and salivary ABH partial-secretor phenotypes: expression of a FUT2 secretor allele with an A→T mutation at nucleotide 385 correlates with reducedα(1,2) fucosyltransferase activity (1996)
    Springer
    Glycoconjugate journal 13 (1996), S. 985-993 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4986
    Keywords: secretor ; fucosyltransferase ; Lewis a ; Lewis b ; saliva ABH ; blood group ; FUT2 ; ABO ; Polynesia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract TheSe wA385T mutation of the FUT2 gene was found to correlate with both the erthrocyte Le(a+b+) and/or salivary ABH partial-secretor phenotypes of Polynesians. Constructs with FUT1 and FUT2 wild type genes, and the FUT2Se wA385T,se G428A andse C571T mutated alleles, were cloned into pcDNAI, and expressed in COS-7 cells. COS-7 cells transfected with theSe wA385T allele had weak, but detectable, α(1,2)fucosyltransferase activity, with an acceptor substrate pattern similar to the wild type FUT2 gene. Comparative kinetic studies from cell extracts with mutatedSe wA385T and wild type FUT2 alleles gave similarK m values, but less enzyme activity was present in cells transfected withSe wA385T (V max 230 pmol h−1 mg−1), as compared to those transfected with FUT2 (V max 1030 pmol h−1 mg−1), suggesting that the mutated enzyme is more unstable. These results confirm that the molecular basis for the erythrocyte Le(a+b+) and the associated ABH salivary partial-secretor phenotype, is an amino acid change of Ile 129→Phe in the secretor α(1,2)fucosyltransferase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01053194
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Monoclonal antibodies specific for type 3 and type 4 chain-based blood group determinants: Relationship to the A1 and A2 subgroups (1986)
    Springer
    Glycoconjugate journal 3 (1986), S. 255-271 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4986
    Keywords: blood groups A1 and A2 ; type 3 and 4 chains ; glycolipids ; Golgi apparatus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Two monoclonal antibodies, specific for A type 3 and A type 4 blood group determinants, are described. These antibodies recognized A1 but not A2 erythrocytes. A third monoclonal antibody showing specificity for A type 3 and A type 4, and also for H type 3 and H type 4, did not discriminate between A1 and A2 erythrocytes. On red cells these three antibodies recognized glycosphingolipids and binding to glycoproteins could not be demonstrated. On paraffin-embedded tissue sections the three antibodies labelled a supranuclear area, characteristic of the Golgi apparatus, of all cells producing A antigens. This labelling occurred irrespective of the A1, A2 status. The results suggest that glycolipids of erythrocytes and possibly of other cell types bear the A type 3/4 determinant specific for the A1 subgroup and that A type 3/4 determinants of glycoproteins might be present in both A1 and A2 subgroups on short oligosaccharide chains which are only detectable at the level of the Golgi apparatus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01051776
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Expression of Lewis histo-blood group glycolipids in the plasma of individuals of Le(a+b+) and partial secretor phenotypes (1994)
    Springer
    Glycoconjugate journal 11 (1994), S. 593-599 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4986
    Keywords: Lewis antigens ; glycolipids ; Le(a+b+) plasma ; secretor
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Red cell Lewis antigens are carried by glycosphingolipids passively absorbed from plasma. Plasma was collected from a spectrum of individuals with normal and unusual Lewis/secretor phenotypes in order to investigate the glycolipid basis for the unusual phenotypes. Samples were obtained from: a Le(a+b−) ABH nonsecretor who secreted Lewis substances; a Le(a+b−) partial secretor; Le(a+b+) partial secretors; Le(a+b+) secretors; and a full range of normal Lewis/secretor phenotypes as controls. The Le(a+b+) samples represented Polynesian, Asian and Réunion Island ethnic backgrounds. Nonacid glycolipids were prepared, separated by thin-layer chromatography, and then immunostained with potent monoclonal antibodies of known specificity. Despite different serological profiles of the Le(a+b−) and Le(a+b+) Polynesian samples, their plasma glycolipid expressions were very similar, with both Lea and Leb co-expressed. The copresence of Lea and Leb in Le(a+b+) samples is in marked contrast to Caucasians with normal Lewis phenotypes, who have predominantly either Lea or Leb. These results suggest that there is a range of the secretor transferases in different individuals, possibly due to different penetrance or to several weak variants. We also show that Lewis epitopes on longer and/or more complex core chains appear to be predominant in the Polynesian Le(a+b+) samples. The formation of these extended glycolipids is compatible with the concept that in the presence of reduced secretor fucosyltransferase activity, increased elongation of the precursor chain occurs, which supports the postulate that fucosylation of the precursor prevents or at least markedly reduces chain elongation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00731311
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunochemical and immunohistological expression of Lewis histo-blood group antigens in small intestine including individuals of the Le(a+b+) and Le(a−b−) nonsecretor phenotypes (1994)
    Springer
    Glycoconjugate journal 11 (1994), S. 600-607 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4986
    Keywords: Lewis antigens ; glycolipids ; Le(a+b+) ; Le(a−b−) nonsecretor ; small intestine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Histological samples and total non-acid glycosphingolipids were prepared from small intestine of human cadavers with the Le(a+b+) and Le(a−b−) nonsecretor phenotypes and contrasted with the more common Lewis phenotypes. Glycolipid fractions were analysed by thin-layer chromatography and tested for Lewis activity with monoclonal antibodies reactive to Lewis epitopes. Paraffin-embedded small intestine sections were also fluorescently immunostained with anti-Lewis antibodies. Unlike the common Lewis positive phenotypes, we were immunochemically able to demonstrate the copresence of large amounts of Lea and Leb glycolipids in the Le(a+b+) sample. In addition we demonstrated increased formation of extended Lewis structures in this phenotype. By immunohistochemistry Lea, Leb and type 1 precursor chain epitopes could be demonstrated in the brush border. These results show that the expression of the Le(a+b+) phenotype at the erythrocyte phenotyping level parallels the small intestinal expression of this phenotype, and the patterns of Lewis antigen expressions are unique to this phenotype. By immunohistochemistry and immunochemistry we also demonstrated the presence of trace amounts of Lewis active glycoconjugates in the small intestine of the Le(a−b−) nonsecretor and Le(a+b−) samples. In the Le(a−b−) nonsecretor Lea and Leb activity was absent and type 1 precursor was present in brush border, while Leb activity was immunohistologically demonstrated in the Golgi apparatus of the deep glands. Trace amounts of both Lea and Leb glycolipids were identified in this sample. In parallel trace Leb activity could also be detected in the glycolipids of the Le(a+b−) sample and could be immunohistologically demonstrated to be fully expressed in occasional cells in the deep glands of the small intestine, a pattern quite dissimilar to that of the Le(a−b−) nonsecretor. The results in this paper show that the expression of Lewis glycoconjugates in the small intestine parallel the expression of Lewis erythrocyte phenotypes. However, inappropriate Lewis activity is also seen in individuals of other phenotypes and the mechanisms by which these Lewis antigens are made appears to be different for different phenotypes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00731312
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Heterogeneity of the ABH antigenic determinants expressed in human pyloric and duodenal mucosae (1986)
    Springer
    Glycoconjugate journal 3 (1986), S. 187-202 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4986
    Keywords: blood group ABH ; stomach, duodenum ; glycoconjugates ; oligosaccharides ; genetic control
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract We defined the chemical structure and the genetic control of the various A or B determinants expressed by pyloric and duodenal epithelial cells by indirect immunofluorescent staining using monoclonal anti-A or anti-B reagents that recognize only certain variants of A or B antigenic determinants. Some mucous cells in pyloric and Brünner's glands express AY or BY antigens whereas other mucous cells in the same glands express only the Y antigen. Absorptive and goblet cells of the duodenal villi and Lieberkühn glands express mono- and difucosylated A or B structures, mainly of type 1. The pyloric surface epithelium expresses mono- and difucosylated, type 1 and type 2, A or B structures. In addition, A or B antigens, with a so far undefined structure are found in the pyloric surface mucosae of non-secretor individuals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01049376
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Recognition of the blood group H type 2 trisaccharide epitope by 28 monoclonal antibodies and three lectins (1996)
    Springer
    Glycoconjugate journal 13 (1996), S. 263-271 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4986
    Keywords: ELISA ; synthetic oligosaccharides ; monoclonal antibodies ; blood group H ; lectins ; ABO
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The patterns of cross-reaction of 30 monoclonal antibodies and three lectins were determined by ELISA with 21 ABH, Ii or Lewis related synthetic oligosaccharides coupled to bovine serum albumin. At least seven main groups of cross-reactive patterns were identified among the antibodies, plus several intermediate patterns between two of the main antibody groups. The three lectins had different cross-reaction patterns,Galactia tenuiflora was different from all the antibodies,Ulex europaeus lectin 1 andLotus tetragonolobus were similar, but not identical to groups III and V of antibodies respectively. The anti-H antibodies cross-reacting with A type 2 gave similar agglutination scores with all the normal ABO erythrocytes, while the anti-H antibodies not cross-reacting with A type 2 reacted with different scores: O〉A2〉A2B〉B〉A1〉A1B〉Oh, suggesting that these antibodies react better with the free H epitopes and do not recognize the H in A or B epitopes. Based on the ELISA and agglutination results and the lowest energy conformations of each oligosaccharide obtained by computer modelling, the most probable oligosaccharide surface areas recognized by each antibody main group are illustrated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00731501
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Computer simulation of histo-blood group oligosaccharides: energy maps of all constituting disaccharides and potential energy surfaces of 14 ABH and Lewis carbohydrate antigens (1995)
    Springer
    Glycoconjugate journal 12 (1995), S. 331-349 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4986
    Keywords: Blood group ; molecular modelling ; oligosaccharide conformation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The three-dimensional structures of fourteen histo-blood groups carbohydrate antigens have been established through a combination of molecular mechanics and conformational searching methods. The conformational space available for each disaccharide, constituents of these determinants, has been throroughly characterized. The results have been organized in a data bank fashion. Larger relatives, i.e. 14 tri- and tetrasaccharides of histo-blood group antigens, have been modelled using a different method for exploring the complex potential energy surface. This approach is aimed at establishing all the possible families of conformations, along with the conformational pathways. Different conformational behaviours are exhibited by these oligosaccharides. Some of them, i.e. LeX and LeY tri and tetrasaccharides, are very rigid; 99% of their populations belong to the same conformational family. Others, like H type 1, H type 2 or H type 6 oligosaccharides, are essentially rigid, but a secondary conformational family, corresponding to 3–4% of the total population, can arise. Finally, the H types 3 and 4 trisaccharides, and the A type 1 and A type 2 tetrasaccharides are predicted to behave rather flexibly. The information gathered in the present investigation has been used to analyse the body of experimental evidence, either physical or biological, available for this series of carbohydrate antigens. Of special interest are the several different alignments that can be proposed for these molecules. They yield a realistic definition of the three-dimensional features of the epitopes thereby providing essential information about how carbohydrate antigens are recognized by proteins.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00731336
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