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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 26 (1987), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Monoclonal antibodies reactive with different T lymphocyte antigens were administered to rats receiving heart allografts. Ox 19 antibodies (directed to the rat Ly 1 equivalent) and Ox 8 antibodies (directed to the rat CD8 equivalent) both prolonged graft survival, whereas W3/25 (anti-CD4). Ox 6 (anti-Ia), and W3/13 (anti-pan T) antibodies did not affect graft rejection. Immunohistological studies were carried out on spleen and graft specimens in order to analyse further the mechanisms behind the prolongation of graft survival. The observed almost complete absence of Ox 8-reactive cells in the spleen after treatment with Ox 8 antibodies corroborates earlier observations that injection of moderate amounts of Ox 8 antibodies leads to complete elimination of suppressor/cytotoxic T cells from peripheral lymphoid organs and blood. The present data on graft survival therefore both support the notion that suppressor/cytotoxic T cells are involved in graft rejection, and suggest that these cells are not the only ones involved. An unexpected and as yet unexplained finding was that Ox 8-reactive molecules were found in large numbers on various inflammatory cells as well as on certain myocytes in the grafted hearts that had experimenced a prolonged graft survival due to treatment with Ox 8 or Ox 19 antibodies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 32 (1990), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The process of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) elicited by small bowel semi-syngeneic gratis in Lewis rats was studied by an immunohistochemical staining technique for analysis of MHC (major histocompatibility complex) class II antigen expression and of T-cell subpopulations in different organs. Specimens from the graft, native bowel, brain, testis, liver, kidney, and skin were taken on days 5,10, and 15. All the investigated organs displayed strong class II antigen induction during the course of GVHD. In the native bowel of semi-syngcneically transplanted animals, only discrete morphological changes were noted, whereas the graft displayed a generalized serosal reaction with large infiltrates of rounded and polygonal cells expressing class II antigens. This was not observed in the graft of syngeneically transplanted animals. In the lamina propria of the semisyngeneic graft,‘free’lymphocyte-like cells were depleted and, at the same time, localized aggregates of these cells were observed. Crypt cell class II expression in the native bowel, and to some extent in the graft, was increased during GVHD. However, pronounced intraindividual variations in MHC class II antigen expression were noted, and class II expression was therefore not considered to be a good marker for GVHD.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 26 (1987), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The biological importance of the presence of class II transplantation antigens on highly differentiated epithelial cells such as keratinocytes in certain conditions, is still unknown. We have therefore investigated the antigen-presenting capacity of separated human epidermal cells obtained from tuberculin-reactive skin 6 days after intradermal injection of purified protein derivative (PPD). Earlier studies have shown a high percentage of HLA-DR-expressing keratinocyles at this time. Peripheral adherent blood cells were used as control stimulator cells a d highly purified peripheral blood T lymphocytes as responder cells. The T-cell proliferation in response to PPD in the presence of autologous epidermal cells from normal and tuberculinreactive skin was measured by [3H]thymidine incorporation on day 6. The latter cell population, 76-86% of which consisted of HLA-DR-expressing cells as judged by immunocytochemistry, induced a greater T-cell response to PPD than do normal epidermal cells. This discrepancy in the T-cell proliferation could not be explained by a difference in ihe numbers of anti-Leu 6 or anti-HLA-DQ-reactive Langerhans cells. The present data indicate that epidermal cell suspensions containing HLA-DR-expressing keratinocytes induce a greater T-cell response to PPD than do normal epidermal cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 21 (1985), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 19 (1984), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The cellular response in the human skin tuberculin reaction was studied with immunohistochemical double-staining techniques in frozen sections of skin biopsies taken 6 h to 8 days after intradermal PPD injections. Cell infiltrates were observed from day 2 onwards and increased in size up to 4 days. Most of the infiltrating cells reacted with anti-Leu 3a (T ‘helper/inducer’ phenotype) antibodies. In contrast to normal epidermis, not only Langerhans cells but also keratinocytes expressed MLA-DR antigens from day 4 onwards. The induction of HLA-DR antigens on keratinocytes may be secondary to T-cell activation. Since the HLA-DR expression on keratinocytes appeared late in the tuberculin reaction, the function may be to suppress rather than enhance the immune response.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 33 (1991), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Induced expression of the intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) and of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II antigens has been simultaneously observed on keratinocytes and epithelial ceils in the thyroid and kidney, suggesting that ICAM-i and HLA-DR expression might be under common regulation. We have previously found an association between the presence of Helicohacter pylori and an induced expression of class II antigens on gastric epithelial toils in gastric biopsy specimens from patients with gastritis. In this study we investigated whether ICAM-l could also be expressed on the gastric epithelium. Thirty-one patients with clinical indications for upper gastrointestinal endoscopy were examined. In 23 patients gastritis was diagnosed endoscopically and histologically and H. pylori was cultured from biopsy specimens. In eight patients neither histological gastritis nor growth of the bacteria was observed. Immunoperoxidase staining demonstrated expression of HLA-DR but not ICAM-I on the gastric epithelial cells in all patients with H. pylori-associated gastritis, indicating regulatory mechanisms different from those of other epithelial cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 23 (1986), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Skin biopsies were investigated with two different immunohistochemical techniques. thus revealing HLA-DO antigens on HLA-DR-expressing keratinocytes in the late skin manifestations of a Borrelia spirochete infection. In the early skin lesions only HLA-DR antigens were present on the keratinocytes.’The invariant γ chain of class II transplantation antigens was observed on keratinocytes in 1:5 of the late cases. Upon penicillin treatment detectable HLA-DR and HLA-DQ antigens disappeared completely From the keratinocytes. Furthermore, the mononuclear cell infiltrates dominated by anti-Leu 1 and anti-Leu 3a-reactive cells and containing many cells with markers for activation (HLA-DR. HLA-DO. transferrin. and interleukin 2 receptors) diminished markedly. The possibility that the expression of different class II transplantation antigens on keratinocytes might reflect separate functional demands of these cells or an altered immunological reactivity in the host, is discussed. the precise functional role of the temporary expression of the class II antigens on non-lymphoid cells, however, remains an enigma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 18
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background:  Specific allergen immunotherapy (SIT) and nasal steroids (NS) are considered effective anti-inflammatory treatments for allergic rhinitis, although their mechanism of action differs.Objective:  The aim of this study was to examine the effect of treatment with NS and SIT on different populations of inflammatory cells in the nasal mucosa and to compare cell numbers before and during the birch pollen season in patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis.Methods:  In a randomized, double-blind, double dummy comparative study, 41 patients with seasonal rhinoconjunctivitis were treated with birch SIT or NS (budesonide 400 μg daily). Treatment with NS started before the birch pollen season and at the same time SIT-treated patients reached the maintenance dose. Nasal biopsies for immunohistochemistry were obtained before the season and start of the treatments and at the peak of the pollen season during treatment.Results:  Symptoms of rhinoconjunctivitis increased significantly in both groups during the pollen season but less in the NS-treated group and the difference between the treatment groups was significant at the end of the season (P = 0.03). Immunohistochemistry of nasal biopsies from NS-treated patients showed significantly fewer CD1a+, IgE+ and FcɛRI+ cells during the season compared with preseason (P = 0.02, P = 0.001 and P = 0.0004, respectively) and with seasonal values of the SIT-treated group (P = 0.002, P = 0.002 and P = 0.0004 respectively).Conclusion:  Treatment with NS but not SIT decreased the numbers of CD1a+, IgE+ and FcɛRI+ cells during the birch pollen season. Our data indicate that treatment with NS has a broader anti-inflammatory range than SIT.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Allergy 59 (2004), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background:  The eczema reaction in the atopy patch test (APT) is proposed to be immunoglobulin (Ig)E mediated, but can take place also in individuals lacking allergen-specific IgE in serum. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the importance of allergen-specific serum IgE for the APT reaction.Methods:  Ten patients with reproducible positive APT to extract of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, five patients with (group A) and five patients without (group B) detectable serum-IgE to D. pteronyssinus, were tested with extract of D. pteronyssinus on normal skin for 6, 24, 48 and 72 h. Skin biopsies were taken and analysed for cell infiltrates, eosinophils (EG2), IgE, FcɛRI, CD1a, CD4, CD8 and metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9).Results:  The number of IgE+, CD4+, EG2+ and MMP9+ cells increased with time in group A. FcɛRI+ cells and CD8+ cells increased with time in both groups. A correlation was found between the levels of D. pteronyssinus-specific serum-IgE and the score of dermal cell infiltrates at 72 h. The three patients with the highest values of allergen-specific IgE also had the highest expression of EG2+ cells and the highest APT scores.Conclusions:  Our study strengthens the hypothesis that the IgE molecule has a key role, at least as an amplifier, in the APT reaction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 53 (1998), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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