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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Site of lodination in rat mammary gland (1978)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 192 (1978), S. 235-244 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The ability of the mammary gland to take up and organically bind radioiodide was studied in non-pregnant, pregnant, and lactating rats. Autoradiography was used to determine whether duct cells or alveolar cells are responsible for iodination in the rat mammary gland. Iodination was not detected in mammary glands from non-pregnant rats, but occurred late in the twelfth day of gestation and continued throughout pregnancy and lactation. Protein-containing vacuoles in alveolar cells and casein-like proteins in milk were the major sites where iodination occurred within the gland. Milk proteins in the lumens of ductules adjacent to alveoli were also iodinated. In contrast, ducts, myoepithelial cells, fat cells, blood vessels and other histological components of the gland did not show iodinating capability. Cytochemistry was also used to identify endogenous mammary peroxidase activity in the same glands, and it was found that the presence and location of this enzyme was correlated with the ability to iodinate.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091920204
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Autoradiographic evidence of a loss of iodination within hormone-dependent GR mouse mammary tumors as they progress to independence (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 204 (1982), S. 323-332 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The purpose of this study was to determine by use of light- and electron-microscope autoradiography whether or not iodination occurred in mammary tumors of female GR mice. Of the sixty tumors studied it was found that pregnancy-dependent and hormone-induced tumors possessed iodinating ability. Although mammary glands from nonpregnant GR mice lacked the ability to iodinate, by the 16th day of pregnancy in response to hormonal stimulation the glands readily iodinated casein, and some epithelial cells contained ultrastructural cytochemical evidence of mammary peroxidase. Preneoplastic mammary gland lesions known as hyperplastic alveolar nodules were also able to iodinate, as were plaques, the disc-shaped lesions which give rise to the hormone-responsive mammary tumors in this strain. Plaques also contained epithelial cells with mammary peroxidase activity. When hormone-induced mammary tumors were transplanted into syngeneic mice they retained the ability to iodinate for several generations. However, as the tumors progressed to hormone independence, the ability to iodinate was gradually lost. Hormone-independent mammary tumors from GR mice lacked both iodinating ability and cytochemical evidence of mammary peroxidase. These findings suggest that iodination depends upon hormone-responsive cells within the mammary tumors and that as these cells become hormone unresponsive, the ability to iodinate is lost.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1092040405
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Changes in glycoconjugates revealed by lectin staining in the developing airways of Syrian golden hamsters (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 228 (1990), S. 151-162 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Lectin binding was studied in the developing airways of Syrian golden hamsters on gestational days 11-16 (day 16 is the day of birth). The trachea and lungs were fixed in 4% formaldehyde-1% glutaraldehyde, 6% mercuric chloride-1% sodium acetate-0.1% glutaraldehyde, and 95% ethanol; embedded in paraffin; and stained with eight lectin-horseradish peroxidase conjugates: Triticum vulgare (WGA), Dolichos biflorus (DBA), Helix pomatia (HPA), Maclura pomifera (MPA), Griffonia simplicifolia I-B4 (GSA I-B4), Arachis hypogaea (PNA), Ulex europeus I (UEA I), and Limulus polyphemus (LPA). Each lectin yielded a characteristic staining pattern, which modulated throughout development. In general, changes in staining characteristics of the tracheal epithelium preceded similar changes in the lobar bronchus, bronchiole, and alveolus. In the case of UEA I, MPA, WGA, and HPA, staining increased with time uniformly over the luminal surface of all epithelial cells. However, in the case of PNA, GSA I-B4, and LPA, after the differentiation of ciliated and secretory cells, the apical surfaces of the ciliated cells stained more intensely than the apical surfaces of the secretory cells. Neuraminidase pretreatment enhanced PNA and GSA I-B4 staining in both cell types. In the case of PNA, these light microscopic observations were confirmed by ultrastructural study. Unlike the other lectins, the pattern of staining with DBA was unusual. Staining was moderate at first, then decreased (days 13 and 14), then increased at all airway levels. This study shows that different glycoconjugates modulate in airway epithelial cells throughout fetal development.
    Additional Material: 25 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1092280207
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Alterations within the rat thyroid gland during vitamin A deficiency (1979)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    American Journal of Anatomy 156 (1979), S. 169-181 
    Details
    ISSN: 0002-9106
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Thyroid glands from female rats kept vitamin A deficient for one, two, and three months were examined by electron microscopy. After one month on the diet, no consistent alterations were noted. After two months, the colloid in some follicles displayed a peripheral zone of decreased density. In addition, ultimobranchial follicles within the gland had become keratinized. After two to three months on the diet, cells were seen entering the colloid. Many of these cells were identified as follicular cells since they often occurred in groups and occasionally exhibited remnants of desmosomes. Often the cells within the colloid appeared vacuolated, and by light microscopy were thought to contain lipid. However, electron microscopy revealed that these cells contained many digestive vacuoles rather than lipid droplets.Quantitative and autoradiographic studies indicated that thyroids of vitamin A deficient rats took up less radioiodide than thyroids of control rats. The keratinization of ultimorbranchial follicles in vitamin-A deficiency has been suggested as preliminary in the histogenesis of squamous cell carcinoma. However, an effect of vitamin A deficiency on thyroid follicular cells has not heretofore been reported. It's possible that the presence of follicular cells in the colloid reflects an accelerated turnover of these cells and could indicate an early pathological sign.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aja.1001560202
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    3H-fucose incorporation into glycoproteins of toad bladder epithelial cellsThis work was performed with the financial assistance of the following grants: National Heart and Lung Institute; USPHS Grant HL-06285; USPHS Training Grant HL-05725, and Bressler Research Fund, University of Maryland. (1977)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    American Journal of Anatomy 148 (1977), S. 33-47 
    Details
    ISSN: 0002-9106
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Electron microscope autoradiography was used to detect the incorporation of 3H-fucose into glycoproteins of toad bladder epithelial cells. After short exposure to 3H-fucose, without a chase period, the Golgi regions of all four cell types were labeled. When exposure to 3H-fucose was followed by chase periods (1, 3, 4 and 6 hours) the apical and basal-lateral plasma membranes of granular cells were heavily labeled. Apical granules and the cytoplasm of granular cells were also labeled, suggesting that they both provide the means for glycoprotein transfer from the Golgi to the plasma membranes. The heaviest labeling in mitochondria-rich cells, after the 1- and 3-hour chase periods, was over the apical tubules, although the apical and basal-lateral plasma membranes were also heavily labeled. After the 4- and 6-hour chases, the labeling of the apical tubules decreased, whereas the labeling of the plasma membranes increased, strongly suggesting that in these cells apical tubules play a major role in the transfer of glycoproteins from Golgi to the plasma membrane. Our results demonstrate that the route of 3H-fucose incorporation into plasma membrane glycoproteins and the rate of glycoprotein synthesis and breakdown are not the same in the two major epithelial cell types in toad bladder.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aja.1001480104
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of B-retinyl acetate on human breast epithelium in explant culture (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    American Journal of Anatomy 175 (1986), S. 35-48 
    Details
    ISSN: 0002-9106
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Explants of human breast (obtained aseptically from ten women ages 18-37) were examined and the vitamin A compound B-retinyl acetate was tested (at 3 × 10-5 and 3 × 10-6 M) for its effects on the fine structure and growth of the epithelium. In the absence of B-retinyl acetate, cells growing out from the explant (outgrowth cells) underwent squamous metaplasia, began to accumulate many intermediate filaments (tonofilaments), and revealed large desmosomes after 2 weeks in culture. In the presence of either concentration of B-retinyl acetate, the epithelial cells were largely prevented from undergoing squamous metaplasia. The glandular epithelium inside the explant maintained a typical secretory appearance for 2 weeks in control cultures (without the retinoid) and then began to show increased numbers of lysosomes and a loss of secretory granules. These glandular epithelial cells did not undergo squamous metaplasia, but they contained increased numbers of intermediate filaments. In contrast, glandular epithelium cultured in either concentrations of B-retinyl acetate appeared secretory for as long 6 weeks in culture, and intermediate filaments were not obvious. Autoradiographs demonstrated that both concentrations of B-retinyl acetate inhibited cell division in the outgrowth epithelium and in the (internal) glandular epithelium. The ability of B-retinyl acetate to reverse squamous metaplasia in the outgrowth cells was also tested. Out growth cells reversed to a more normal ductlike appearance after 6 weeks culture in standard medium followed by only 1 week in 20 μg/ml B-retinyl acetate. After 7 weeks in standard medium and 1 week in 10 μg/ml B-retinyl acetate, the cells showed a partial reversal of the squamous metaplasia.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aja.1001750105
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