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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An evaluation of water extraction as a soil-testing procedure for phosphorus I. Glasshouse assessment of plant-available phosphorus (1988)
    Springer
    Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems 15 (1988), S. 211-223 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0867
    Keywords: Soil P test ; water extraction ; plant-available P ; glasshouse experiment ; P-buffering capacity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract A water extraction procedure was evaluated as a soil-testing procedure for phosphorus (P). In a glasshouse experiment using perennial ryegrass, the water extraction procedure was used to predict plant-available P in 20 New Zealand soils varying widely in P status and P retention capacity. Water-extractable P in the 20 soils was highly correlated with plant uptake of P (r = 0.90**). Although plant uptake of P and Olsen-extractable P were equally well correlated (r = 0.90**), relationships between plant uptake of P and Bray1 — and Truog-extractable P, and isotopically exchangeable P were less close. The prediction of plant-available P using water extraction was not improved by inclusion of an estimate of P-buffering capacity (obtained from P retention capacity or the slope of the P desorption isotherm), in contrast to the finding for Olsen-extractable P. Because the interpretation of the results obtained appears to be independent of P-buffering capacity and soil type, the water extraction procedure may have advantages over the other soil-testing procedures for P for soils containing reasonable amounts of water-extractable P.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01051343
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phosphorus inputs into a stream draining an agricultural watershed (1976)
    Springer
    Water, air & soil pollution 6 (1976), S. 39-52 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2932
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Changes in the concentrations of P forms with flow for the three runoff types and the stream draining an agricultural watershed were evaluated. Flow was found to be more important than concentration in determining P fluxes in surface runoff, subsurface runoff, the stream, and to a lesser extent in accelerated subsurface runoff (tile drainage). The sampling interval required to reliably evaluate the loading of P forms was 15, 60, 720, and 60 min, for surface, accelerated subsurface, and subsurface runoff, and the stream, respectively. The errors in estimates of loadings of P forms were maintained at less than 15% for the sampling time intervals selected. An inadequate frequency of sampling leads to appreciable errors in the estimates of loadings of P forms in the runoff types and the stream.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00158714
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lime-aluminium-phosphorus interactions and the growth of Leucaena leucocephala (1990)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 126 (1990), S. 1-8 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: aluminium ; aluminium toxicity ; Leucaena yield ; lime ; phosphorus ; phosphorus uptake
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The effects of lime and P addition on the amounts of soil extractable P and Al, and on the growth of the tropical legume Leucaena leucocephala were investigated in a factorial experiment under controlled climate conditions using 4 (Koronivia, Nadroloulou, Batiri, and Seqaqa) highly-weathered, acid (pH initially 3.9 to 4.9) soils from Fiji. Resin-extractable P increased with lime addition and then decreased above pH 5.5, whereas M KCl-extractable Al decreased to undetectable levels at or above pH 5.2. Plant growth was usually adversely affected at low and high pH, even in the presence of added P. The pH (in M KCl) at which maximum growth occurred in the 4 soils varied from approximately 4.4 to 5.2; values somewhat lower than those reported in the literature. Changes in dry matter yield with increasing soil pH were strongly influenced by P status and a positive lime × P interaction was obtained with 3 of the 4 soils. Above pH 5.2, liming decreased the yield of both tops and roots, for reasons which are discussed in part II. The data obtained for extractable soil P and plant P concentrations indicate that P deficiency is a major problem on these soils.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00041363
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lime-aluminium-phosphorus interactions and the growth of Leucaena leucocephala (1990)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 126 (1990), S. 9-17 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: aluminium ; aluminium toxicity ; aluminium-induced P deficiency ; chemical composition ; Leucaena ; lime ; Lolium perenne L ; perennial ryegrass ; phosphorus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The effects of lime and P on the chemical composition of the tropical legume Leucaena leucocephala were studied in a controlled climate laboratory experiment using 4 (Koronivia, Nadroloulou, Batiri, and Seqaqa) highly-weathered, acid soils from Fiji. For all soils, changes in the concentration of P in the Leucaena tops followed trends similar to the yield response curve, i.e., the concentration of P was highest at the soil pH at which maximum growth occurred. The concentration of Al in plant tops increased on either side of the pH of maximum growth, but Al uptake by the whole plant (tops plus roots) declined steadily with increasing pH. Although complete major (except P) and minor nutrients were added regularly, there was variation in the uptake of nutrients with pH. Poor growth at low pH values was attributed to an Al-induced P deficiency within the plant and at high pH to a soil P deficiency and, to a smaller extent, to the increased concentration of Al in the plant tops.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00041364
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Contribution of organic carbon and clay to cation exchange capacity in a chronosequence of sandy soils (1970)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 33 (1970), S. 104-112 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary CEC and oxidisable carbon content were highly correlated (r=0.96) whereas a lower coefficient was obtained for a correlation of CEC and clay content (r=0.57) in a chronosequence of sandy soils from New Zealand. Partial regression coefficients for oxidisable carbon were highly significant in multiple regression equations for all soil groupings whereas in only one equation was the coefficient for clay significant. The CEC of the organic matter for all soils was 1.4 me/g and this value decreased from 1.64 me/g in the young soils to 1.22 me/g in old soils. Peroxidation of selected surface samples caused a reduction in CEC but the results indicated that the clay fractions had a considerably higher CEC (0.57 me/g) than that inferred from multiple regression equations for untreated samples. Selective dissolution analysis indicated that the clay fractions of these soils contained an appreciable amount of amorphous material. Reduction in the CEC of the clay fraction apparently occurs through a blocking by organic matter of the negative charge of the clay components.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01378202
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Earthworms and soil fertility (1984)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 76 (1984), S. 93-104 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Biological effects ; Earthworms ; Fertilizers ; Lime ; Nutrients ; Physical effects ; Plant growth ; Roots ; Soil fertility
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Earthworms redistribute organic materials within the soil, increase soil penetrability and, und certain conditions, influence ion transport in soils. Root distribution may be modified and microbial activity increased by their burrowing and feeding activities. Earthworms influence the supply of nutrients in several ways. Not only is earthworm tissue and cast material enriched in certain nutrients, relative to the soil matrix, but ingestion of organic material increases the rate of cycling. Certain farm-management practices, such as cultuvation and the use of acidic fertilizers, reduce the ability of earthworm to improve plant growth. Where other inorganic fertilizers increase the growth of plants, an increase in earthworm numbers can be expected because of the increased food supply. Lime, in particular, and possibly drainage also increase earthworm activity. Further research is required on the physical and biological effects of earthworms on nutrient supply, so that suitable management practices can be developed to optimise the beneficial effects of earthworms on soil fertility.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02205570
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sulphur uptake and distribution in double and single low varieties of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) (1993)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 150 (1993), S. 69-76 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: glucosinolate content ; N application ; oilseed rape ; S application ; S uptake
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Sulphur (S) uptake and distribution in double low (Cobra) and single low (Bienvenu) winter oilseed rape were studied in field experiments at Cockle Park, Northumberland, at a site where the S supply was adequate. Total S uptake at maturity of between 80–100 kg ha-1 was similar in both varieties. Applications of S at a rate of 100 kg ha-1 increased S uptake by 10–15 kg ha-1. while applications of nitrogen (N) at a rate of 300 kg ha-1 increased S uptake by 29–34 kg ha-1. Sulphur distribution in the vegetative tissues varied little between the two varieties but the distribution within the pods differed significantly between the two varieties. In Bienvenu 65.8% of pod S was located in the seeds, while in Cobra 57.4 and 68.8% in the 1988–89 and 1989–90 seasons, respectively, was retained in the pod walls. The high S content of the seeds of Bienvenu was due to their high glucosinolate content, whereas the high content of S in the pod walls of Cobra was associated with the presence of free SO4 2-, which accounted for 70.6 to 89.4% of total S in the pod walls. The percentages of total plant S present in the pods were significantly increased by N applications and slightly decreased by S applications.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00779177
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Contribution of organic carbon and clay to cation exchange capacity in a chronosequence of sandy soils (1970)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 33 (1970), S. 104-112 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary CEC and oxidisable carbon content were highly correlated (r=0.96) whereas a lower coefficient was obtained for a correlation of CEC and clay content (r=0.57) in a chronosequence of sandy soils from New Zealand. Partial regression coefficients for oxidisable carbon were highly significant in multiple regression equations for all soil groupings whereas in only one equation was the coefficient for clay significant. The CEC of the organic matter for all soils was 1.4 me/g and this value decreased from 1.64 me/g in the young soils to 1.22 me/g in old soils. Peroxidation of selected surface samples caused a reduction in CEC but the results indicated that the clay fractions had a considerably higher CEC (0.57 me/g) than that inferred from multiple regression equations for untreated samples. Selective dissolution analysis indicated that the clay fractions of these soils contained an appreciable amount of amorphous material. Reduction in the CEC of the clay fraction apparently occurs through a blocking by organic matter of the negative charge of the clay components.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01378202
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chelating ability of fumarprotocetraric acid andParmelia conspersa (1969)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 31 (1969), S. 205-208 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Fumarprotocetraric acid andParmelia conspersa interact with granite to produce soluble colored complexes which shows that chemical weathering of the rock material takes place. The chelating ability ofP. conspersa may be due to the presence of fumarprotocetraric acid. Contrary to popular belief, many lichen acids are not very insoluble in water.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01373043
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Assessment of plant-available phosphate in limed, acid soils using several soil-testing procedures (1991)
    Springer
    Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems 30 (1991), S. 47-53 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0867
    Keywords: Soil P test ; plant available P ; P-buffering capacity ; limed acid soils
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract A range of soil-testing procedures was used in a factorial glasshouse study to assess the plant-available phosphate (P) status of soils which had been treated with lime and added P. A close 1:1 relationship (r = 0.90***) was obtained between plant P uptake and resin-extractable soil P. In contrast, Olsen-, Colwell-, Bray (I) and (II)-, and Mehlich-extractable P were only weakly correlated with P uptake. Inclusion of 4 different indices of P-buffer capacity did not improve the relationship between plant P uptake, and extractable P. The difficulty in relating plant P uptake data to extractable-soil P levels is attributed to the problems associated with extracting P from limed soils. There was no useful relationship between plant P uptake and isotopically-exchangeable P in the soils.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01048826
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