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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : Emerald
    Journal of economic studies 23 (1996), S. 44-63 
    ISSN: 0144-3585
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Addresses whether the grain quality factors used by the Federal Grain Inspection Service of the US Department of Agriculture in determining the quality grades of wheat exported by the USA including test weight, dockage, moisture content, percentage of foreign material, percentage of shrunken and broken kernels, and protein content, are characteristics that influence the price of wheat for export. Using data on the transactions price for hard red winter wheat, hard red spring wheat, and soft white wheat and the associated quality characteristics, exported between January 1990 and October 1991 to 63 countries, finds that only the test weight and the protein content are characteristics consistently valued by the market.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : Emerald
    Journal of economic studies 29 (2002), S. 150-167 
    ISSN: 0144-3585
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Incentive regulation has become an important regulatory tool in the telecommunications industry in the USA. The issue explored here is whether incentive regulation has resulted in an increase in productive efficiency. After providing an overview of the nature of incentive regulation, a methodology for measuring technical efficiency and its change is introduced. This is a multiple-output/multiple-input distance function approach to measuring technical efficiency. The results of implementing this approach for 19 local exchange carriers for the 1988-1999 period indicate that, in the production of local service, intrastate toll/access service, and interstate access to local loops, there was no change in technical efficiency between the 1988-1990 and the 1991-1999 periods, something that incentive regulation was specifically designed to promote.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cambridge : Emerald
    Info 5 (2003), S. 53-64 
    ISSN: 1465-9840
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Media Resources and Communication Sciences, Journalism , Economics
    Notes: The issue explored is whether incentive regulation of local exchange carriers in the USA has resulted in an increase in efficiency. After providing an overview of the nature of incentive regulation, the methodology for measuring the effects of incentive regulation on efficiency is reviewed. This methodology is data envelopment analysis and allows for the measurement of both technical efficiency and allocative efficiency of individual local exchange carriers. The results of empirically implementing the data envelopment approach (DEA) approach indicate that there is little change in technical efficiency. In fact average technical efficiency in 1988 was the same as in 2001. Next, while outputs continued to grow at about their historical rate across LECs, the sizeable increase in the two types of capital increased inputs well above their historical average rates for some LECs leading to short run allocative inefficiency. On average, however, allocative efficiency shows no identifiable trend between 1988 and 2001. Finally, in the aggregate, total economic efficiency does not demonstrate any trend between 1988 and 2001.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cambridge : Emerald
    Info 6 (2004), S. 122-160 
    ISSN: 1465-9840
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Media Resources and Communication Sciences, Journalism , Economics
    Notes: In 1999 the Federal Communications Commission adopted an order granting complete deregulation of the rates for special access service for specific metropolitan statistical areas based on an objective showing that there was potential competition in that market. This was done in an environment where the local exchange carriers (LECs) subject to price caps were earning a rate of return in excess of 22 percent, with the rate of return on an upward trend. By 2002, the average rate of return across all price cap LECs topped 35 percent. The question that is investigated in this paper is whether the price cap LECs have market power in supplying special access service and whether they have taken advantage of this. The data clearly show that this is the case. Given the prevailing situation, there is a clear need to revisit the pricing flexibility order. First, the product market for special access service needs to be more carefully examined. Second, the metrics used to define the potential for competition need to be revamped.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : Emerald
    Journal of economic studies 21 (1994), S. 16-40 
    ISSN: 0144-3585
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Examines the impact of the sugar tariff-rate import quota programme onthe United States economy. Uses a computable general equilibrium modelcomposed of 14 producing sectors, 14 consuming sectors, six householdcategories classified by fincome, and a government. Examines the effectsof abolishing the tariff-rate import quota on sugar prices andquantities. Suggests that a complete elimination of the sugar programmewould result in lower output by all producing sectors (by about$2.85 billion) but, for all producing sectors besides the agricultureprogramme crops, crude oil, and petroleum refining sectors, output wouldactually increase (by about $2.98 billion). There would also be anincrease in the consumption of goods and services (by about $197million), and an increase in welfare (by about $121 million). Thegovernment would realize a reduction in revenue of about $15 million.When subjected to a sensitivity analysis, the study's results arereasonably robust with regard to the assumption of the value of theown-price elasticity of demand for sugar - i.e., while the model'sequilibrium values do vary in response to different assumptions of thevalues of this elasticity, the fluctuations are not so enormous as tosuggest that the model is unrealistically sensitive to these parameters.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Bulletin of economic research 34 (1982), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1467-8586
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Interfuel substitution, a priori, seems to be of considerable importance in the economy of the United Kingdom. Consequently, an appropriate model is developed and estimated. All energy sources are demonstrated to be substitutable. Coal is the most price responsive with natural gas, oil and electrical following. The results are not inconsistent with other studies of energy substitution. Moreover, when the issue of the stability of the demand for energy types is considered, the suggestion that the demand for coal, oil, natural gas, and electrical energy have remained virtually constant over the past three decades.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Bulletin of economic research 38 (1986), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1467-8586
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The analysis in this paper is directed at measuring the substitution between seven beverages consumed in the United States with the objective of shedding some light on just what is the relevant market for antitrust purposes. With regard to the overall beverage market considerations, there is a clear indication that consumers do substitute between different types of beverages. What must be subjectively resolved, however, is whether the extent of the indicated substitution is of significant enough magnitude to infer that two different beverages are in the same product market.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of regional science 17 (1977), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1467-9787
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geography , Economics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of the American Water Resources Association 26 (1990), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1752-1688
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 20
    ISSN: 1432-0592
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography , Economics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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