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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Recruitment of CD1a+ Langerhans cells to the nasal mucosa in seasonal allergic rhinitis and effects of topical corticosteroid therapy (2001)
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Allergy 56 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background: Local antigen presentation may be necessary for both primary and recall T-cell responses to grass pollen in hay fever patients. We examined the effect of seasonal allergen exposure on nasal mucosal antigen-presenting cell (APC) populations and the effects of topical corticosteroid therapy. Methods: Nasal biopsies were collected from 46 grass pollen-sensitive seasonal rhinitis patients before the grass-pollen season. A second biopsy was collected during the pollen season, when patients had received 6 weeks' treatment with either fluticasone propionate (200 µg, twice daily) or placebo. Cell populations in biopsy sections were quantified by immunocytochemistry. Results: Significant increases in submucosal and epithelial CD1a+ Langerhans cells, but not CD68+ macrophages or CD20+ B cells, were observed during the pollen season. Seasonal increases in CD1a+ Langerhans cells were inhibited by corticosteroid therapy. Conclusions: Recruitment of CD1a+ Langerhans cells to the nasal mucosa during natural seasonal allergen exposure may contribute to local T cell responses. Topical corticosteroids may act, at least in part, by inhibiting effective allergen presentation to T cells through inhibition of recruitment of Langerhans cells to the nasal mucosa.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1398-9995.2001.056002126.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Allergic inflammation (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Pediatric allergy and immunology 4 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3038
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A greater understanding of the basic mechanisms of allergic inflammation is pertinent to the development of new treatments. Previous studies have focused on the role of mediators of hypersensitivity and effector cells, including mast cells and eosinophils. Recent evidence suggests that IgE-dependent activation and tissue eosinophilia are under the local regulation of distinct cytokines. Originally described as products from T lymphocytes, these peptide messengers are produced by alternative cells, including mast cells, eosinophils and the respiratory epithelium. In vitro studies in murine models and using cloned human T lymphocytes indicate the preferential production of “Th2-type” cytokines, including interleukin-4 (IL-4) and IL-5. This review considers the evidence from in vivo studies in humans that “Th2-type” cytokines have a primary role in orchestrating both IgE-dependent events and local tissue eosinophilia. Novel therapeutic approaches might include a broad strategy directed against T lymphocytes, including the use of immunosuppressive agents or anti CD4 antibodies or more precise targeting of IL-4 and/or IL-5.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3038.1993.tb00332.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Eosinophil cationic protein(ECP) and eosinophil protein X (EXP) concentrations in serum and bronchial lavage fluid in asthma. effect of prednisolone treatment. (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 25 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background Eoswinophil granule proteins may contribute to hyperresponsiveness in asthma.Objective To measure eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) and eosinophil protein X (EPX) in sereum and bronchial lavage fluid from 20 asthmatics and 16 control subjects. To asses the effect on these eosinophil proteins of corticosteroid treatment of asthma. To determine ehether serum ECP and EPX measured weekly in a longitudina study for 10 weeks reflected changes in lung function.Methods Eosinophil granule proteins were measured by radiommunoassy of bronchial wash (BW), bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) serum.Results Eosinophils were elevated in BAL(P〈0.01), BW (P〈0.01) and blood (P〈0.01) from asthmatic compared with control subjects. Eosinophil cationic protein concentration was significantly elevated in BAL (P〈0.05) and BW from asthmatics (P〈0.01) and EPX was increased in BAL (P〈0.05)and BW (P〈0.01). These changes were also reflected in elevated serum ECP(P〈0.01) and EPX (P〈0.01)concentrations is asthmatic subjects. There was no significant difference between sujects receiving prednisolone and the placebo group, but there was a fall in ECP in BW (P〈0.05) and serum (P〈0.01) and in EPX in BW (P〈0.01) and serum (P〈0.01) within the group receiving prednisolone. In the longitudinal study there was only significant difference between ECP values associated with highest and lowest peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) (P〈0.05).Conclusion These data confirm a role for cosinophil activation in the airway in asthma pathogenesis, and add some support to the hypothesis that corticosteroids may inhibit cosinophil activation in asthma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1995.tb03259.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of prolonged treatment with topical corticosteroid (fluticasone propionate) on early and late phase nasal responses and cellular infiltration in the nasal mucosa after allergen challenge (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 24 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: We have examined the effect of prolonged treatment with topical corticosteroid on allergen-induced early and late nasal responses and the associated inflammatory cell infiltrate in grass pollen sensitive allergic rhinitics. Following a randomized double-blind 6 week treatment period with fluticasone propionate 200 μg aqueous nasal spray twice daily or matched placebo spray, nasal provocation was performed using Timothy grass pollen extract. Nasal symptoms were recorded at intervals from 0 to 24 h. Nasal biopsies were performed before treatment and at 24 h after allergen and processed for immunohistology. When corticosteroid-treated patients were compared with the placebo group there was an approximately 50% decrease in the size of the early (0-60 min) response and almost complete inhibition of late (1–24 h) nasal symptoms after allergen challenge. After allergen challenge markedly fewer T lymphocytes and CD25+ (interleukin-2 receptor bearing) cells were observed in both the epithelium and submucosa in fluticasone treated patients compared with the placebo group. Significantly less total and activated eosinophils were observed, particularly within the nasal epithelium. Submucosal mast cell counts were decreased, whereas increased numbers of submucosal neutrophils were observed. These results confirm that topical corticosteroid treatment inhibits allergen-induced early and late nasal responses. This may possibly occur following a decrease in T lymphocytes and/or mast cells and their products and a consequent reduction in tissue eosinophilia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1994.tb02724.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of cetirizine and prednisolone on cellular infiltration and cytokine mRNA expression during allergen-induced late cutaneous responses (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 26 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background The ability of cetirizine to inhibit eosinophil infiltration into the sites of allergen-induced cutaneous late-phase reactions is controversial. A previous skin biopsy study gave negative results with 15 mg of cetirizine as a single dose.Objective To confirm these findings we have used cetirizine (30 mg daily) for 5 days and compared the results with prednisolone (20 mg daily for 5 days) as a positive control. The efTect of these agents on mRNA positive cells for inlerleukin-3 (IL-3). interleukin-4, interleukin-5 and granulocytc/macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) was also evaluated.Methods A double-blind, placebo-controlled cross-over study (n= 12) was followed. After each treatment 30 biological units (BUs) of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus or Phleum pratense were injected inlradermally and the early (15min) and late-phase response sizes (6 and 24h) were measured. Skin biopsies were taken at 24h for immunocytochemistry and in situ hybridization.Results Cetirizine but not prednisolone inhibited the early-phase response (37%, p = 0.004). In contrast prednisolone. but not cetirizine, significantly inhibited the size of the late-phase reaction at 24 h (70%. P = 0.021). This was associated with significant decreases in tolal (MBP+) and activated (EG2+) eosinophils (P= 0.019 and 0.014, respectively), as compared with placebo. There were also clear but non-significant reductions in interleukin-3, interleukin-4, interleukin-5 and granulocyte/macrophagc-colony stimulating factor mRNA+ cells.Conclusion Prednisoione, but not cetirizine. inhibited both the magnitude of the allergen-induced late-phase response and the accompanying local eosinophil infiltration. These corticosleroid effects were associated with a reduction in cells expressing mRNA for ‘TH2-type’ cytokines.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1996.tb00058.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Upper airways: lymphocytes and eosinophils (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 21 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1991.tb00873.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Current abstracts (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 20 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1990.tb02714.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Current abstracts (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 20 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1990.tb02808.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Current abstracts (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 19 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1989.tb02764.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Current abstracts (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 19 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1989.tb02375.x
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