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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dynamics of the aerosol particle photocharging process (2002)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 91 (2002), S. 3377-3383 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: In the photocharging process, aerosol particles become electrically charged through interaction with high-energy photons, e.g., ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. Photon adsorption by particles leads to electron emission and, as a result, particles become positively charged. While maximum achievable charges have been described in previous studies of dependency on particle and irradiation parameters, the influence of photoemitted charges on the charging process was not taken into account. In this work it is shown that such charges interact with the particles, which heavily influences the entire process. This complex process (the charging of particles positively by photons and simultaneously negatively by ions) is described in this work by a set of differential equations. These differential equations are solved numerically and, with simplifying assumptions, analytically. Multicomponent polydisperse aerosol is considered. As was found by comparing the analytical and numerical solutions, analytical results coincide with numerical ones for a wide range of initial parameters (particle number concentration, diameter). The analytical expressions evaluated allow one to quantify the influence of guiding processes and the limits of the charging process, which is heavily influenced by the previously neglected free ions. Model results explain such phenomena as the experimentally observed decrease in particle charge through the increase in particle number concentration. As a result of this work, the particle charge distribution obtained by the photocharging process can now be considered a known function of aerosol and UV-irradiation parameters. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1446237
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Preparation of size-classified PbS nanoparticles in the gas phase (1998)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 73 (1998), S. 547-549 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We report on the synthesis of size-classified PbS nanocrystals by differential mobility analysis of a polydisperse aerosol formed by nucleation and aggregation processes in a furnace reactor. The sublimation temperature employed is below the stoichiometric evaporation temperature, thus enabling direct and simple synthesis by sublimation. The irregularly shaped and amorphous agglomerate particles are then sintered in a second furnace, resulting in the formation of monocrystalline and quasispherical particles with sizes adjustable between 3 and 20 nm and a standard deviation of 1.13. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.121928
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Positioning of nanometer-sized particles on flat surfaces by direct deposition from the gas phase (2001)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 78 (2001), S. 3708-3710 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Arrangements of nanometer-sized particles were obtained on plane oxidized silicon substrates by direct deposition from the gas phase. The particles were attracted onto charge patterns created by contact charging. Monodisperse, singly charged indium aerosol particles with a diameter of 30 nm were used as a test case to illustrate this process. Due to the surface treatment, the deposition is highly selective. We were able to create lines of particles with widths as narrow as 100 nm and several millimeters in length. The resolution of the pattern depends mainly on the surface treatment and the tool geometry. Our approach opens the possibility of creating patterns composed of nanometer-sized particles on a flat substrate surface by the simple transfer of charge patterns, without a lithographical process. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1377625
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis of tailored composite nanoparticles in the gas phase (2000)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 77 (2000), S. 4431-4433 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We report on a method to obtain tailored nanoparticle aggregates of two components in the gas phase. The method is based on the modification of the Brownian collision rate by charging the nanoparticles. Particles of different components are charged oppositely in order to obtain composite nanoparticle aggregates via preferential coagulation. The resulting composite aggregates are uncharged, which allows for their separation from both, charged unaggregated particles and charged aggregates of only one component. The mean size and standard deviation of each particle component can be adjusted by means of differential mobility analysis. Experimental results are presented for composites of PbS and Ag. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1335843
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Second Joint NSF–ESF Symposium on, ‘Nanoparticles: Technologies and Applications,’ Tacoma, Washington, USA, October 10, 1999 (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of nanoparticle research 1 (1999), S. 511-512 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-896X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1010014302280
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    First Joint ESF-NSF Symposium on Aerosols for Nanostructured Materials and Devices, Edinburgh, Scotland, September 12, 1998 (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of nanoparticle research 1 (1999), S. 145-145 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-896X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1010053415594
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Third Joint ESF–NSF Symposium on ‘Nanoparticles: Applications in Materials Science and Environmental Science and Engineering,’ Dublin, Ireland, September 6, 2000 (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of nanoparticle research 2 (2000), S. 425-426 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-896X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1010087225735
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Particle Deposition in High Capacity Preseparators (1985)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 2 (1985), S. 133-136 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: High capacity preseparators are used to reduce bounce and blow-off of large particles in cascade impactors. In this paper, results are presented of a detailed analysis of the deposition of particles in two slightly different preseparators of the impactor-type which are used in connection with the Andersen Stack Sampler. The advantage of using any preseparator for aerosols mixed with large particles (x 10 μm) is clearly shown.A preseparator which is integrated into the impactor has the advantages of smaller overall size, accessible surfaces and, therefore, easier handling. The results of the study show that the reduction of unwanted particle losses is rather small when compared with a separate preseparator.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19850020124
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fractional Penetrations for Electrostatically Charged Fibrous Filters in the Submicron Particle Size Range (1986)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 3 (1986), S. 74-80 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Particle penetrations through commercially available, electrically charged fibrous filters have been measured. The particles were monodisperse and in charge equilibrium. Tests were conducted for several particle sizes in the range 0.02 μm ≤ x ≤ 1 μm. The face velocity was varied in the range of 2 cm/s to 30 cm/s. The penetration has a bimodal dependence on particle size. This behaviour is not found for uncharged filters. The reduction in penetration and bimodal dependence is attributed to electrical collection effects. As the face velocity is increased, the electrostatic collection effects are significantly reduced. The results agree quantitatively with a model for particle penetration through charged fibrous filters recently presented in the literature by the authors.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19860030206
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of Particle Size Distribution Parameters using a Laser-Scattered Light Spectrometer (1988)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 5 (1988), S. 165-169 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A method based on the measurement of scattered light intensity distributions is demonstrated to be able to determine directly the particle size of monodisperse supermicron-size particles. In all other cases of a particle cloud, information about the size distribution can be acquired from comparison of measured and calculated intensities as a function of scattering angle. This indirect method is only applicable if the assumptions made in the theory used for comparison are fulfilled. Therefore, the method is limited to spherical particles with known refractive index. The type of size distribution also has to be known. In the cases considered a log-normal size distribution was assumed. The uncertainty of the result increases with increase in the number of parameters that have to be determined. The method seems to be limited to unimodal distributions described with two parameters.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19880050402
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