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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The lateral atlanto-dens interval: normal range of asymmetry (1999)
    Springer
    Emergency radiology 6 (1999), S. 290-293 
    Details
    ISSN: 1438-1435
    Keywords: Key words Cervical spine – Computerized tomography – Normal anatomy – Odontoid process
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Purpose: The object of this study is to determine the normal range of asymmetry of the lateral atlanto-dens interval (LADI). Methods: Ninety-nine consecutive patients who had CT scans of the atlanto-axial complex for reasons unrelated to the upper cervical spine were studied. Subjects with a history of cervical trauma or rheumatoid arthritis were excluded. The LADI was measured at a workstation using an electronic cursor. The difference in the LADI between the right and the left side was taken as the measure of asymmetry. Results: The average asymmetry of the LADI was 0.99 ± 1.05 mm. While a number of subjects had symmetrical LADI, the maximum asymmetry in this study population was 5 mm. Conclusion: Asymmetry of the LADI is not unusual in subjects with no symptoms referable to the upper cervical spine. The LADI as a measurement in itself does not signify any type of clinical pathology. The average asymmetry at the middle third of the dens is approximately 1 mm. Ninety-five percent of patients will have an asymmetry of 3 mm or less. The LADI asymmetry is best determined in a CT section that demonstrates the maximal width of the dens. Radiologists and clinicians should be aware of this normal range of asymmetry when interpreting CT scans of the atlanto-axial region.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s101400050070
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Some Remarks On Vector Optimization Problems (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of optimization theory and applications 96 (1998), S. 133-138 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Vector variational-like inequalities ; vector optimization problems ; preinvex mappings
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract We prove the existence of a weak minimum for vector optimization problems by means of a vector variational-like inequality and preinvex mappings.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1022667201624
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fixed-Point Technique for Implicit Complementarity Problem in Hilbert Lattice (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of optimization theory and applications 93 (1997), S. 67-72 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Implicit complementarity problem ; change of variables ; fixed-point problem ; φ-Lipschitz continuous mapping ; ψ-strongly monotone mapping
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract In this paper, we consider and study the implicit complementarity problem in the setting of a Hilbert lattice. It has been shown that this problem can be formulated as a fixed-point problem by using a suitable change of variables. Moreover, this formulation allows us to prove the existence and uniqueness of solutions of the implicit complementarity problem.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1022645716916
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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