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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    THE CONTRIBUTION OF AXOPLASMIC FLOW IN OPTIC NERVE AND PROTEIN SYNTHESIS WITHIN THE OPTIC TECTUM TO SYNAPTIC MEMBRANE PROTEINS OF THE CHICK OPTIC TECTUM (1973)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 20 (1973), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: In the 5-day-old chick, radioactive leucine was incorporated into proteins of synaptosomal and subsynaptosomal fractions both by fast axoplasmic flow and synthesis within the optic tectum. The distribution of radioactivity in subsynaptosomal fractions suggested that both pathways contribute to the protein constituents of each fraction. The relative contributions to each fraction were similar except for the supernatant proteins, for which fast axoplasmic flow contributed less than the synthesis within the optic tectum. The qualitative contribution of fast flow and synthesis within the optic tectum to the synaptic membrane fraction was distinctive. Fast axoplasmic flow preferentially labelled the high molecular weight proteins, whereas synthesis within the optic tectum labelled a larger percentage of smaller molecular weight proteins.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1973.tb00286.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the Role of Calcium Ions in the Regulation of Glycogenolysis in Mouse Brain Cortical Slices (1982)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 38 (1982), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: Using mouse brain cortical slices, we investigated the relative roles of cyclic AMP and of calcium ions as the intracellular messengers for the activation of glycogen phosphorylase (EC 2.4.1.1; α-1,4-glucan:orthophosphate glucosyltransferase) induced by noradrenaline and by depolarization. Activation of phosphorylase by 100 μM noradrenaline is mediated by β-adrenergic receptors and does not require the copresence of adenosine. The role of the concomitant small increase in cyclic AMP is questioned. Short-term treatment with EGTA or LaCl3 abolishes the noradrenaline activation of phosphorylase, pointing to a critical role of extracellular calcium. Depolarization by 25 mM K+ or 100 μM veratridine produces a rapid and large (fourfold) activation of phosphorylase. Only veratridine increases the cyclic AMP levels; exogenous adenosine deaminase essentially blocks this cyclic AMP accumulation but not the phosphorylase activation. A halfmaximal activation of phosphorylase occurs at about 12 mM K+. Addition of EGTA or LaCl3, reduces the effect of both depolarizations to a slight and transient activation of phosphorylase. These results indicate that activation of glycogen phosphorylase by K+ or veratridine occurs by a cyclic AMP-independent and calcium-dependent mechanism. The calcium dependency of brain phosphorylase kinase renders this kinase the prime target enzyme for regulation of glycogenolysis by calcium ions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1982.tb07903.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polymorphisms in the interleukin-4 and IL-4 receptor genes and multiple sclerosis: a study in Spanish-Basque, Northern Irish and Belgian populations (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    International journal of immunogenetics 32 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1744-313X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Cytokine gene polymorphisms are known to influence susceptibility and disease course of many autoimmune diseases. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system white matter characterized by inflammation, demyelination and axonal damage. We analysed both the well-known intronic variable number of tandem repeat (VNTR) and +33 C/T single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in the IL-4 gene, as well as the functional Q551R SNP in the IL4-R gene in a cohort of three distinct populations comprising sporadic cases and controls from the northern Spanish Basque Country and Northern Ireland, as well as family trios from Belgium. The IL-4 +33 TT genotype was decreased in primary progressive (PP) versus relapsing-remitting (RR) patients in the Northern Irish population (OR = 0.14; 95% CI = 0.018–1.09). Two-marker haplotype distribution of the VNTR and +33 C/T SNP in PP patients differed from that seen in RR patients in Northern Ireland (P = 0.03). The R allele of the Q551R SNP was significantly under-transmitted in the Belgian trio families (P = 0.003), although this effect was not seen in the Northern Irish and Basque data sets. We did not identify IL-4–IL4-R gene–gene interaction in determining susceptibility or clinical parameters of MS. Disease or genetic heterogeneity or both may be responsible for the observed lack of reproduction in different populations. Our data reinforce recent findings for a role of IL4-R in susceptibility to MS.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-313X.2005.00542.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enkephalinase a activity in different regions of brain and spinal cord of normal and chronic arthritic rats
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    FEBS Letters 138 (1982), S. 76-78 
    Details
    ISSN: 0014-5793
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0014-5793(82)80398-0
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Percutaneous epidural dorsal cord stimulation in multiple sclerosis (1979)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 49 (1979), S. 95-101 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Multiple sclerosis ; dorsal cord stimulation ; quantitative neurological scoring ; cerebral evoked potentials
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effectiveness of percutaneous epidural stimulation has been evaluated in 11 patients with multiple sclerosis. Trial stimulation was performed at the thoracic level and lasted for 4 to 10 days. Evaluation was accomplished before the start and at regular intervals during and after the treatment. The scoring systems of the Standard Neurological Examination and of the Disability Status Scale of Kurtzke were used for evaluation of the neurological status. In addition, functionally useful changes were assessed by a physical therapist using a disability scoring technique designed at the National Multiple Sclerosis Centre at Melsbroek. Visual and somatosensory evoked potentials were also recorded at regular intervals. Six out of 11 patients claimed a subjective improvement following stimulation. But only four patients had better scoring results in the quantitative neurological testing, and for only two patients was this objective improvement functionally useful.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01809178
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prevention of acute autoimmune encephalomyelitis and abrogation of relapses in murine models of multiple sclerosis by the protease inhibitor D-penicillamine (1995)
    Springer
    Inflammation research 44 (1995), S. 529-534 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Keywords: Matrix metalloproteinases ; D-penicillamine ; Experimental allergic encephalomyelitis ; Multiple sclerosis ; Demyelination
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Thein vitro activity of gelatinase B, an enzyme whose appearance in the cerebrospinal fluid is associated with inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system, was dose-dependently inhibited by the antirheumatic D-penicillamine. Inhibition of gelatinase B in electrophoretically pure preparations and in cell culture supernatants and human body fluids was obtained at dosages reached in the circulation of patients treated with a peroral dosis of 750mg D-penicillamine per day. In mice, developing acute demyelination, D-penicillamine significantly reduced the mortality and morbidity rates of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE). In chronic relapsing EAE in Biozzi AB/H mice, an animal model for relapses in multiple sclerosis (MS), it attenuated the exacerbations, even when the treatment was started after the primary full-blown disease had developed. We infer protease inhibition as the mechanism of action of D-penicillamine and suggest that its use may be effective as peroral treatment for MS.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01757357
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Adult ceroid-lipofuscinosis (Kufs' disease) in two brothers. Retinal and visceral storage in one; Diagnostic muscle biopsy in the other (1979)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 45 (1979), S. 67-72 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Adult ceroid-lipofuscinosis ; Kufs' disease ; Retinal storage ; Visceral storage ; Muscle biopsy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Two brothers developed a neurological condition characterized by homochrony and homotypy: the first symptoms in both were generalized epileptic seizures, occurring at about the same age (30 years in the elder, 32 years in the younger), followed by a cerebellar syndrome with myoclonic jerks and some extrapyramidal symptoms. The elder of the two boys died at the age of 33 years. Histology showed extensive storage of ceroid-lipofuscin in the central nervous system (curvilinear bodies), in hepatocytes, in heart muscle and in the retina. In the younger boy, still living, a muscle biopsy (peroneal muscle) revealed accumulation of membrane-bound osmiophilic inclusions with curvilinear profiles. Retinal storage in Kufs' disease has never been documented. Muscle biopsy as a diagnostic tool for Kufs' disease has not been reported.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00691807
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Coincidence of developmental venous anomalies and other brain lesions: a clinical study (1995)
    Springer
    European radiology 5 (1995), S. 495-500 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Angioma ; Central nervous system ; Brain ; MRI ; Arteriovenous malformation ; Cerebral
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In a retrospective study of 72 patients with developmental venous anomalies (DVA) diagnosed by MRI and/or angiography, 33 associated lesions were found in 32 patients (44%). Study of the clinical files allowed classification of the patient population into three groups. In group 1 (11 patients: 34%) the symptoms were attributed with certainty to the associated lesions (1 brain infarction, 2 multiple sclerosis patients, 1 case of meningitis, and 7 patients with tumors). In group 2 (9 patients: 28%) the symptoms were probably caused by the associated lesion and not by the associated DVA (1 contusion, 1 Sturge-Weber angiomatosis, and 7 hemorrhagic DVA). In group 3 (12 patients: 38%) the symptoms were nonspecific (10 cavernous angiomas, 1 varix with sinus pericranii, and 1 ectasia of the middle cerebral artery. These findings sustain the theory that DVA is a congenital anomaly of the venous drainage of the brain, without pathological significance, and must be considered as an incidental finding.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00208341
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    MRI of herpes simplex encephalitis (1992)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 34 (1992), S. 490-493 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Brain, diseases ; Encephalitis ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in eight patients with herpes simplex meningoencephalitis were reviewed: 14 examinations were analysed. The most striking finding was high signal intensity in the temporal lobe(s) with the typical configuration known from CT. Meningeal enhancement after Gd-DTPA administration was clearly seen in four patients. Haemorrhagic changes are much better seen on MRI than on CT. When adequate motion control can be achieved, MRI becomes the examination of choice in the diagnosis and follow-up of herpes simplex encephalitis. Localized1H MR spectroscopy also proved promising in the study of neuronal loss.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00598957
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    MR findings in globoid cell leucodystrophy (1990)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 32 (1990), S. 520-522 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Brain, white matter ; Brain, diseases ; Brain, MR studies
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The MR findings in an adult patient with globoid cell leucodystrophy (GLD) or Krabbe's disease are presented. MRI showed a bilateral periventricular hyperintensity of the parieto-occipital white matter on the T2-weighted images. A hyperintense signal was seen bilaterally along the corticospinal tract. There was no immediate nor delayed contrast enhancement. The MR findings in this case of GLD are rather atypical.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02426470
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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