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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructural examination is essential for diagnosis of papillary meningioma (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Histopathology 38 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Aims: Papillary meningioma is a rare meningeal tumour. To date only a few cases have been reported and their immunohistochemical features have not been fully documented.Methods and results: A 49-year-old woman presented with a 2-month history of headaches and memory disturbance. CT and MRI imaging showed an enhancing pineal mass with extension into the occipital lobes and invasion of the splenium. At surgery, the tumour was found to be tough and vascular with a well-defined capsule. No recurrence was noted 19 months after the operation. In another case a 44-year-old woman was admitted with 1-month history of headaches, poor memory, imbalance and diplopia. CT scan showed a large hyperdense, uniformly, enhancing mass within the middle cranial fossa at the petrous ridge. The tumour recurred 19 and 25 months after first resection. The histology of both tumours was similar. The neoplasms contained polygonal cells with a moderate amount of cytoplasm, rounded regular nuclei and distinct cell borders. The cells were arranged radially around the blood vessels (perivascular pattern) and a papillary pattern was seen only focally. Mitotic figures were moderately frequent. Immunohistochemistry showed that both tumours were immunoreactive to vimentin and NSE, whereas GFAP, CAM5.2, EMA, S100 protein and synaptophysin were negative. Electron microscopy revealed interdigitating cell processes, desmosomes and intermediate filaments.Conclusions: The histological and immunohistochemical features of these two tumours are complex and difficult to interpret. Although papillary meningiomas were considered in our initial differential diagnosis, the final conclusion was possible only when the ultrastructural features were revealed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2559.2001.01128.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of a single dose of N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea on the fine structure of the brain of the rat (1971)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 27 (1971), S. 1322-1323 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Résumé Une forte dose de composé carcinogène N-éthyle-N-nitrosourée (ENU) a été injectée à des rats Wistar mâles adultes: des changements ultrastructuraux des cerveaux furent observés. La dégénérescence et la nécrose des oligodendrocytes, l'oedème des astrocytes et l'accroissement du nombre des corps denses dans les cellules gliales ont été les réactions du cerveau à ce stimulus chimique.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02136715
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The role of the subependymal plate in the origin of gliomas induced by ethylnitrosourea in the rat brain (1977)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 33 (1977), S. 521-522 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The fine structure of early cell proliferations induced transplacentally by ethylnitrosourea in the rat brain reveals that the cells show features of the undifferentiated cells of the subependymal plate: high nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio, scarcity of cell organelles and dominance of free over membrane-bound ribosomes. These findings suggest that most, if not all, gliomas induced by ethylnitrosourea originate from these primitive cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01922250
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The development of experimental brain tumours a sequential light and electron microscope study of the subependymal plate (1979)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 45 (1979), S. 177-185 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Experimental gliomas ; Microtumours ; Ethylnitrosourea ; Subependymal plate ; Sequential fine structural study
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Pregnant BD-IX rats were given a single intraperitoneal injection of 30 mg of N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU) per kg of body weight on the 15th day of gestation. The offspring were killed at fortnightly intervals between 2 and 20 weeks of age. The subependymal plate region adjacent to the lateral ventricles was examined by light and electron microscopy to study the early stages in the development of brain tumours. Microtumours, composed of subependymal plate cells, glioblasts and various glial cells at different stages of maturation, were found in 16-, 18-, and 20-week-old rats. The most common site for microtumours was the angle of the lateral ventricles between the corpus callosum and caudate nucleus; others were located at the lateral aspect of the ventricles. It is suggested that most, if not all, cerebral gliomas originate from the undifferentiated cells of the subependymal plate: these mitotically active stem cells provide a susceptible target for the carcinogenic stimulus. The morphology of the gliomas developed is determined by the diverging processes of differentiation and anaplasia resulting in a pleomorphic cell population. The relevance of this experimental model to the pathogenesis of human gliomas is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00702669
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantification of pathological lesions in the frontal and temporal lobe of ten patients diagnosed with Pick’s disease (1999)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 97 (1999), S. 456-462 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words Pick’s disease ; Pick bodies ; Frontal and temporal cortex ; Alzheimer’s disease ; Principal ; components analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The densities of Pick bodies (PB), Pick cells (PC), senile plaques (SP) and neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) in the frontal and temporal lobe were determined in ten patients diagnosed with Pick’s disease (PD). The density of PB was significantly higher in the dentate gyrus granule cells compared with the cortex and the CA sectors of the hippocampus. Within the hippocampus, the highest densities of PB were observed in sector CA1. PC were absent in the dentate gyrus and no significant differences in PC density were observed in the remaining brain regions. With the exception of two patients, the densities of SP and NFT were low with no significant differences in mean densities between cortical regions. In the hippocampus, the density of NFT was greatest in sector CA1. PB and PC densities were positively correlated in the frontal cortex but no correlations were observed between the PD and AD lesions. A principal components analysis (PCA) of the neuropathological variables suggested that variations in the densities of SP in the frontal cortex, temporal cortex and hippocampus were the most important sources of heterogeneity within the patient group. Variations in the densities of PB and NFT in the temporal cortex and hippocampus were of secondary importance. In addition, the PCA suggested that two of the ten patients were atypical. One patient had a higher than average density of SP and one familial patient had a higher density of NFT but few SP.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004010051014
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunocytochemistry of cerebellar astrocytomas: with a special note on rosenthal fibres (1985)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 66 (1985), S. 155-159 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Cerebellar astrocytomas ; Immunocytochemistry ; Glial fibrillary acidic protein ; Glutamine synthetase ; Rosenthal fibres
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Two astrocytic immunocytochemical markers, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and glutamine synthetase (GS), were demonstrated in cerebellar astrocytomas. The staining pattern for both antigens was similar, but GFAP demonstrated astrocytic processes better, while GS staining was stronger in poorly fibrillated cells. The various astrocytic forms, bipolar, stellate, bi- and multinucleate cells, displayed different immunostaining. Rosenthal fibres also showed a varying pattern of reaction: larger fibres were entirely negative or had a narrow peripheral ring of dense reaction product, but occasional smaller fibres were positive. The varying proportion of filamentous and amorphous material within Rosenthal fibres could be responsible for this finding. The pale granular bodies possessed a GFAP-positive limiting membrane and GS-positive contents, suggestive of their astrocytic origin. Immunohistochemistry of GFAP and GS has contributed to the knowledge of cellular differentiation and secondary changes in cerebellar astrocytomas.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00688691
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of dexamethasone on vascular permeability of experimental brain tumours (1986)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 69 (1986), S. 288-294 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Experimental glioma ; Vascular permeability ; Dexamethasone ; Mannitol
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The vessels of experimental gliomas show an abnormally high permeability to small polar molecules, such as mannitol. To establish whether this change in vessel permeability is modified by treatment with the corticosteroid dexamethasone, the kinetics of [14C]mannitol transfer into rat astrocytomas were estimated in both steroid- and saline-treated, tumourbearing animals. This was achieved by injecting [14C]mannitol i.v., using a specially devised technique, so as to maintain a constant concentration of tracer in the blood plasma. In separate experiments steady levels of the tracer were maintained in the circulation from 1 to 30 min. Mean plasma and tumour radioactivity were measured, and the apparent transfer constant of mannitol across the vascular endothelium and the size of the extravascular extracellular mannitol space in the tumours were calculated. Despite a significant clinical improvement in the treated animals and adequate circulating levels of dexamethasone at the time of the permeability studies, no difference in either the apparent transfer constant for the movement of mannitol into the tumours or the fractional extracellular mannitol space was detected between these animals and the controls. With steroid treatment both tumour-bearing and non-tumour bearing animals lost weight, and in the latter there was no consistent change in routine biochemical or haematological parameters. It was concluded that under these conditions it is unlikely that clinical improvement with dexamethasone therapy was due to a non-specific reduction in tumour vessel permeability to polar substances.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00688307
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cholinergic-rich brain transplants reverse alcohol-induced memory deficits (1988)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 332 (1988), S. 448-450 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to a high level of alcohol intake for 28 weeks and, after a further four weeks free of alcohol, were tested in an eight-arm radial maze21 for memory function. Four of the eight arms were baited with reward and correct choices were defined either spatially (by ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/332448a0
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The fine structure of cloned cells from normal adult rat brain (1980)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 36 (1980), S. 194-196 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary A cell clone was isolated from a normal adult rat brain culture and maintained in vitro for many passages. It possessed glial characteristics; in particular ultrastructural examination revealed astrocytic features including the presence of filaments 9–11 nm in diameter.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01953727
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The origin of experimental brain tumours: A sequential study (1976)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 32 (1976), S. 1467-1468 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary A sequential study of rat brains treated transplacentally with the neurotropic carcinogen ethylnitrosourea reveals small foci of cell proliferations from the age of 8 weeks. These lesions consist mainly of undifferentiated cells of the subependymal plate type. They occur in those areas in which gliomas develop and represent the earliest, histologically detectable, changes in the development of brain tumours.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01937439
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