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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 260 (1982), S. 788-793 
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: reinforcement ; synthetic fibers ; thermoplastics ; adhesion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The interfacial adhesion between fibers as reinforcing fillers and thermoplastic matrices is a key requirement for obtaining effective reinforcement. Therefore, in situ polymerization of styrene onto polyethyleneterephthalate and in situ bulk polymerization of the same monomer on aromatic polyamide (Kevlar-aramid) fibers were carried out. In both cases, divinyl benzene was used as crosslinking agent in order to ensure the presence of reasonable amount of covalently bonded and nonextractable polystyrene on and/or onto the fibers. This treatment enhances the interfacial adhesion of investigated fibers to polystyrene matrix. The fibers were located in the matrix in continuous and uniaxially aligned form using a new injection moulding technique. A relation between the per cent change in weight of treated polyethyleneterephthalate and relative increase in the tensile strength of corresponding treated fiber-polystyrene composites was established. Some factors affecting the interfacial adhesion between investigated fibers and polystyrene matrix were discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 35 (1988), S. 439-448 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Graft copolymerization of hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) onto poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) fibers using benzoyl peroxide (BP) as initiator was carried out in water and in water/organic solvent as a reaction medium. The effect of initiator concentration, reaction time, temperature, and reaction medium as well as addition of FeSO4 to the polymerization medium was studied. Percent grafting was enhanced significantly by increasing BP concentration up to 0.016 mol/L and then decreased upon further increase in initiator concentration. Increasing the monomer (HEMA) concentration up to 0.48 mol/L improves significantly the graft yield. Raising the polymerization temperature up to 85°C causes a significant increase in grafting yield; further increase in temperature leads to decrease in graft yield. Incorporation of Fe+2 ions in the polymerization system decrease the graft yield. The same situation is encountered when water/solvent mixture is used as reaction medium. Solvent employed were methanol, toluene, and benzene.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry 238 (1998), S. 43-51 
    ISSN: 1588-2780
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Waste rubber powder was grafted with different vinyl monomers by using gamma-radiation. The monomers used for grafting were acrylic acid, acrylamide and acrylonitrile. The sodium salt of grafted polyacrylic acid as well as the amidoxime derivative of grafted polycacrylonitrile were also obtained. Evaluation of the efficiency of the products obtained to the recovery of some metal ions such as cobalt and nickel as well as to phenol was carried out. It was found that the grafted waste rubber powder is able to recover cobalt and nickel ions from their corresponding salts depending on the type of monomers used. It was also found that phenol can be reasonably recovered by using rubber powder grafted with acrylamide and amidoxime derivative.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 215 (1994), S. 59-77 
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Hydrogele verschiedener Zusammensetzung wurden aus Hydroxyethylmethacrylat, Methacrylsäaure, Acrylsäaure und Acrylsäaureamid und dem Vernetzer Ethylendimethacrylat in unterschiedlichen Molverhäaltnissen hergestellt. Der Einfluß der Zusammensetzung der Copolymeren und die Struktur der Monomeren bestimmen die typischen Eigenschaften der einzelnen Hydro9gelproben. Es wurde gefunden, daß besonders der läosliche Anteil, der Quellungsgrad und die Läosungs-und Salzaufnahme durch die Struktur der einzelnen Hydrogelproben bestimmt wird.
    Notes: Some hydrogels of different chemical composition were synthesized using 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, methacrylic acid, acrylic acid, and acrylamide in different ratios and crosslinked by ethylene dimethacrylate. Effects of the copolymer composition as well as the type of monomers on some hydrogel characteristics were evaluated. Some characteristic properties, namely soluble fraction percentage, swelling degree, solution uptake, and salt uptake were found to be markedly affected by the hydrogel composition.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 86 (1980), S. 47-63 
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: An Cellulose anhängende aromatische Aminogruppen wurden hergestellt durch Reaktion von Cellulose mit 2,4-Dichlor-6(p-nitranilin)-s-triazin in Gegenwart von Alkali mit nachfolgender Reduktion der Nitrogruppen. Die entstandenen Aminogruppen wurden diazotiert. Die Pfropfung gelang ohne Verunreinigung mit Homopolymeren durch Zersetzen des Diazoniumsalzes mittels Metallionen. Die Pfropfreaktion mit verschiedenen Monomeren hängt vom pH-Wert, der Temperatur und der Emulgatorkonzentration ab. Große Verdünnung reduziert die Pfropfausbeute. Das über die Zersetzung des Diazoniumsalzes gebildete Cellulosemakroradikal reagiert effektiv mit Methylmethacrylat, Ethylmethacrylat, Isopropylmethacrylat, Butylmethacrylat, Isopentylmethacrylat, Acrylamid und 2-Methyl-5-vinylpyridin.
    Notes: Cellulose bearing aromatic amino groups was prepared by reacting cellulose with 2,4-dichloro-6-(p-nitroaniline)-s-triazine in presence of alkali followed by subsequent reduction of the nitro groups to amino groups. The latter were diazotized and grafting was achieved without homopolymer contamination through decomposition of the cellulose diazonium salt under the effect of metal ions. The dependence of grafting on the nature of the monomers was governed by the pH of the polymerization medium, reaction temperature and concentration of emulsifier. Using a large liquor ratio decreased the graft yield. The cellulose macroradical formed via decomposition of the diazo group was found very effective in inducting methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, isopropyl methacrylate, butyl methacrylate, isopentyl methacrylate, acrylamide and 2-methyl-5-vinyl pyridine.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 39 (1990), S. 1903-1913 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A heat-resistant rubber blend of natural rubber NR and styrene butadiene rubber (SBR-1502) was prepared according to the standard techniques. The rubber blend was loaded with different concentrations of LAMP black and general purpose furnace (GPF) black for obtaining conductive rubber composites. The obtained vulcanizates were subjected to electrical conductivity measurements over a wide range of temperature and electric field. It was found that all samples showed negative values of temperature coefficient of conductivity (TCC). The temperature developed inside the samples by the Joule heating effect was recorded as a function of time (T-t) at different values of the initial applied DC-electric power. The T-t dependence was found to obey an exponentially growing function with a time constant (τ), which was found to be dependent on the concentrations as well as the type of carbon black and the value of the initial applied power. The current-voltage characteristics of the samples showed a negative resistance behavior after a characteristic voltage (V*). It was noticed that V* decreases as the carbon black concentration increases.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 12 (1974), S. 2651-2657 
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) charged with 50 phr of HAF carbon black has been found to show a positive temperature coefficient of resistivity close to 0.07/°C at 27°C. Beyond a point (75°C) of minimum conductivity, however, it behaves as a normal noncrystalline semiconductor with a resistivity which decreases with rise of temperature with an activation energy of 0.56 eV. Blending the composition with poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) shifts the minimum towards lower temperatures. The descending branch of the conductivity versus reciprocal absolute temperature characteristic is probably associated with thermal expansion of tunnelling paths separating the conducting carbon particles.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR-1502) loaded with 50 phr carbon black (HAF) was prepared. The electrical conductivity of rubber vulcanizates was measured. It was found that milling conditions have a marked effect on the temperature dependence of the electrical conductivity σ(T) of test samples. In this case, the resistivity of prepared samples increases with remilling and has a minimum value on the σ(T) curve. Thermal-oxidative aging of such vulcanizates decreases the conductivity of the prepared samples.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 17 (1979), S. 2163-2172 
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Effect of the concentration of four types of carbon black, namely, HAF, FEF, ISAF and GPF, on the electrical conductivity of SBR (1502) was studied. The anomalous behavior of conductivity [σmin in σ(T) curves] becomes more pronounced as we approach a characteristic value of carbon concentration, F0, at which maximum anomaly occurs; F0 was found to depend on the type of carbon black. Moreover, the depth of the valley shape of the σ(T) curve increases with the particle size of carbon black used.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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