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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Early (1 to 24h) plasma atrial natriuretic factor changes in the rat during antiorthostatic hypokinetic syspension
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 148 (1987), S. 582-588 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-291X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0006-291X(87)90916-8
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A day/night rhythm of vasopressin and oxytocin in rat retina, pineal and harderian gland
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Peptides 9 (1988), S. 289-293 
    Details
    ISSN: 0196-9781
    Keywords: Harderian gland ; Oxytocin ; Pineal gland ; Retina ; Vasopressin
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0196-9781(88)90262-8
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plasma AVP, neurophysin, renin activity, and aldosterone during submaximal exercise performed until exhaustion in trained and untrained men (1980)
    Springer
    European journal of applied physiology 44 (1980), S. 141-151 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-6327
    Keywords: Exercise ; Plasma renin activity ; Aldosterone ; Vasopressin ; Neurophysin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effect of intense muscular work (80% of maximal oxygen uptake) on responses of plasma hormones involved in electrolyte and water balance were measured in 14 male subjects. They were divided into three groups according to their maximal oxygen uptake and the duration of exercise performed until exhaustion: well trained subjects (group I), trained subjects (group II), and untrained subjects (group III). Pulmonary gas exchange, heart rate, rectal and skin temperature, and weight loss were measured as well as hematocrit and plasma and urine sodium and potassium concentrations. Rectal temperature increased significantly in all subjects after exhaustion. The variation of hematocrit was smallest and the weight loss greatest in the well-trained subjects. Plasma aldosterone, renin activity (PRA), vasopressin (AVP), and neurophysin (Np) displayed highly significant increases after exercise in all three groups: PRA was increased 4.5 times (p〈0.01), aldosterone 13 times (p〈0.05), Np 2.6 times (p〈0.05), and AVP 4.8 times (p〈0.05). Nevertheless, there was no correlation between the changes in PRA and those in plasma aldosterone, nor between aldosterone and plasma sodium or potassium. At the urinary level, the only striking observation was that free water clearance tends to become positive after exercise. Our results provide evidence that this kind of exercise produces a highly significant increase in plasma levels of the hormones involved in electrolyte and water balance. They also indicate that it is among the well-trained subjects that sweat loss is highest though the hematocrit increase is the smallest; this suggests that water is shifted more efficiently from the extravascular compartment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00421092
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plasma vasopressin, renin activity, and aldosterone: Effect of exercise and training (1981)
    Springer
    European journal of applied physiology 46 (1981), S. 21-30 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-6327
    Keywords: Training ; Exercise ; Plasma AVP ; Renin activity ; Aldosterone
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The influence of endurance-training on hematocrit, plasma vasopressin, renin activity, and aldosterone changes at rest and at the end of an exercise performed until exhaustion at a given and constant relative work-load (87% of maximal oxygen uptake) has been studied in four untrained subjects submitted to a 5-month training. At the end of this period, maximal oxygen uptake increased of 15.2% (p〈0.01). Hematocrit at rest slightly rose after training, and if exercise constantly induced increases in hematocrit before (p〈0.001) and after training (p〈0.005), the per cent increase after training was lower than before (p〈0.05). Comparison between the importance of weight loss and hematocrit variation showed that when untrained subjects become trained the variation of hematocrit after exercise becomes smaller while weight loss is more important (p〈0.01). Plasma renin activity (PRA), aldosterone (Aldo) and vasopressin (AVP) levels, compared to control values, displayed a significant increase after exercise before as well as after training. Control values remained unchanged after training for aldosterone and AVP, but were significantly lower (p〈0.05) for PRA. This latter observation could be explained by the change in blood volume induced by exercise.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00422171
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of treadmill running and swimming on plasma and brain vasopressin levels in rats (1987)
    Springer
    European journal of applied physiology 56 (1987), S. 1-6 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-6327
    Keywords: Vasopressin ; Swimming ; Running ; Brain ; Plasma osmolality
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The influence of treadmill or swimming exercise on resting values of plasma and brain arginine vasopressin (AVP), and plasma sodium, potassium, osmolality and proteins was studied after 5 weeks of training using female Wistar rats. The duration of daily training sessions was progressively increased to reach 6 h/ day for swim training (S) and 3 h/day for treadmill running (T). Compared to their untrained controls, treadmill and swim training were respectively associated with: 1. a significant lower body weight; 2. a decreased plasma AVP (36.4% for T and 47.4% for S) and hypothalamic AVP (20% for T and 16% for S); 3. a higher hypophyseal AVP (145% for T and 36.3 for S); 4. a decreased plasma osmolality (6.7% for T and 6.1% for S), sodium (1.2% for both) and potassium. (15% for T and 22.4% for S); and 5. no change in protein concentration. For T, rectal temperature increased (38.5±0.20 to 39.7±0.5) and for S rectal temperature decreased from 38.6±0.12 to 37.74±0.10). The differences observed in AVP contents of the pineal and Harderian glands (enhanced only in the treadmill groups) could be explained by the supposed role of these glands in thermoregulation. Two conclusions could be drawn from this study: 1. there are no parallel changes in the hypotrtalamo-hypophyseal system (where AVP plays its endocrine role) and the brain (where AVP is a neurotransmitter); 2. plasma changes could be explained by an extracellular fluid expansion with Na and K loss leading to a decrease in AVP secretion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00696367
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plasma volume changes during and after acute variations of body hydration level in humans (1999)
    Springer
    European journal of applied physiology 80 (1999), S. 1-8 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-6327
    Keywords: Key words Exercise ; Glycerol hyperhydration ; Heat exposure ; Dehydration ; Plasma volume
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract This study examined plasma volume changes (ΔPV) in humans during periods with or without changes in body hydration: exercise-induced dehydration, heat-induced dehydration and glycerol hyperhydration. Repeated measurements of plasma volume were made after two injections of Evans blue. Results were compared to ΔPV calculated from haematocrit (Hct) and blood haemoglobin concentration ([Hb]). Eight well-trained men completed four trials in randomized order: euhydration (control test C), 2.8% dehydration of body mass by passive controlled hyperthermia (D) and by treadmill exercise (60% of their maximal oxygen uptake, V˙O2max) (E), and hyperhydration (H) by glycerol ingestion. The Hct, [Hb], plasma protein concentrations and plasma osmolality were measured before, during and after the changes in body hydration. Different Hct and [Hb] reference values were obtained to allow for posture-induced variations between and during trials. The ΔPV values calculated after two Evans blue injections were in good agreement with ΔPV calculated from Hct and [Hb]. Compared to the control test, mean plasma volume declined markedly during heat-induced dehydration [−11.4 (SEM 1.7)%] and slightly during exercise-induced dehydration [−4.2 (SEM 0.9)%] (P 〈 0.001 compared to D), although hyperosmolality was similar in these two trials. Conversely, glycerol hyperhydration induced an increase in plasma volume [+7.5 (SEM 1.0)%]. These results would indicate that, for a given level of dehydration, plasma volume is dramatically decreased during and after heat exposure, while it is better maintained during and after exercise.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004210050550
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Water balance during and after marathon running (1996)
    Springer
    European journal of applied physiology 73 (1996), S. 49-55 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-6327
    Keywords: Plasma volume ; Water balance ; Marathon ; Atrial natriuretic peptide
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract To describe the time course of plasma volume alterations and the changes in the plasma concentrations of hormones regulating water balance in relation to a marathon race, six experienced marathon runners (five men, one women) aged 28 (SD 6) years were studied during and for the 3 days following a treadmill marathon run at 68 (SD 5)% of maximal oxygen consumption. Haematocrit, haemoglobin, plasma protein (Prot) and electrolyte (Na+, K+) concentration, osmolality (osm), plasma concentrations of renin (Ren), aldosterone (Ald) and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) were determined at rest in a sitting position (T−30), and then after 30 min in an upright posture (R0), while running a marathon at 10 km (R10), 30 km (R30) and 42.2 km (Rend), and after the marathon at 30 min (T30), 60 min (T60), 120 min (T120) and 24 h (TD+1), 48 h (TD+2) and 72 h (TD+3). The changes in plasma volume (PV), Prot, osm and Na+ observed during the race were nonsignificant. Significant increases in plasma concentration of K+ [4.8 (SD 0.6) vs 5.5 (SD 0.6) mmol·l−1; P 〈 0.01], Ren [38 (SD 57) vs 197 (SD 145) pmol·l−1; P 〈 0.02] and Ald [175 (SD 142) vs 1632 (SD 490) pmol·−1; P 〈 0.01] were observed at Rend. A significant increase of ANP (P 〈 0.05) was only found after R10. Body mass significantly decreased by 2.0 kg (P 〈 0.01) during the race in spite of the ingestion of 1.46 (SD 0.34) 1 of a 5% glucose solution. Urinary volume and Na+ excretion dropped significantly after the completion of the marathon in comparison with the day before [2600 vs 1452 ml·day−1 (P 〈 0.02) and 161.3 vs 97.1 mmol·l−1 (P 〈 0.05)]. At TD+1 and TD+2 a significant increase in PV was noted, compared to T−30. The lack of a decrease in PV during the marathon may have been due to the production of 402 g of metabolic water and by the release of 1280 g of water stored in glycogen complexes in muscle and liver. Thus, the hormone response during the marathon may have been due to the effects of the exercise itself and not to the effects of dehydration. The postmarathon PV expansion may be explained by a protein shift to the intravascular space and by renal sodium retention.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00262808
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of acute exercise and prolonged exercise training on blood pressure, vasopressin and plasma renin activity in spontaneously hypertensive rats (1991)
    Springer
    European journal of applied physiology 62 (1991), S. 198-203 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-6327
    Keywords: Hypertension ; Training ; Exercise ; Vasopressin ; Renin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of swimming training on systolic blood pressure (BPs), plasma and brain vasopressin (AVP), and plasma renin activity (PRA) in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) during rest and after exercise. Resting and postexercise heart rate, as well as blood parameters such as packed cell volume (PCV), haemoglobin concentration (Hb), plasma sodium and potassium concentrations ([Na+], [K+]) osmolality and proteins were also studied. Hypophyseal AVP had reduced significantly after exercise in the SHR, whereas PRA had increased significantly in the Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) strain used as normotensive controls. Plasma AVP concentration increased in both strains. By the end of the experiment, training had reduced body mass and BPs by only 10% and 6%, respectively. Maximal oxygen uptake was increased 10% and plasma osmolality 2% by training. The postexercise elevation of heart rate was not significantly attenuated by training. A statistically significant reduction in postexercise plasma osmolality (10%) and [Na+] (4%) was observed. These results suggested that swimming training reduced BPS. Plasma and brain AVP played a small role in the hypertensive process of SHR in basal conditions because changes in AVP contents did not correlate with those of BPs. Moreover, there were no differences between SHR and WKY in plasma, hypophyseal and hypothalamic AVP content in these basal conditions. Finally, during moderate exercise a haemodilution probably occurred with an increase of plasma protein content. This was confirmed by the exercise-induced increase of plasma AVP and the reduction of hypophyseal AVP content, suggesting a release of this hormone, which probably contributed to the water retention and haemodilution. This investigation showed that swimming training produced an attenuation of the raised resting blood pressure in this strain and that plasma and brain AVP played a negligible role in the maintenance of hypertension in basal conditions. However, during training, this hormone may have played a role, training having induced simultaneously a decrease in BPs and plasma AVP.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00643742
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Presence of atrial natriuretic factor and cyclic guanosine monophosphate in saliva. Comparison of plasma and salivary concentrations during a head-down tilt (1992)
    Springer
    European journal of applied physiology 65 (1992), S. 25-29 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-6327
    Keywords: Atrial natriuretic factor ; Cyclic guanosine monophosphate ; Saliva ; Head-down tilt
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Using a specific and sensitive radio-immunoassay involving separation and extraction procedures, we measured the concentration of saliva and plasma atrial natriuric factor (ANF) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) in men before and during a 10h head-down tilt at -6°. Saliva values closely correlated with plasma for ANF (r=0.7-0.95) and for cGMP (r=0.65-1). During this dynamic test, the mean concentrations of ANF and cGMP were significantly higher after 15 and 45 min, respectively, this increase persisting for 3.5 h. We concluded that the concentration of ANF in saliva may be significantly affected by a marked fluid shift from the lower to the upper half of the body. This is the first time that the presence of ANF and cGMP has been demonstrated in saliva. The great advantage of studying saliva is that it can be obtained non-invasively in athletes or during space flight. This methodology will be used during the Soviet-French space flight (Antares Project) planned for 1992.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01466270
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diurnal rhythms of plasma renin activity, atrial natriuretic peptide and arterial pressure during head-down bed rest in humans (1996)
    Springer
    European journal of applied physiology 73 (1996), S. 536-543 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-6327
    Keywords: Plasma renin activity ; Atrial natriuretic peptide ; Blood pressure ; Heart rate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The effects of prolonged head-down bed rest on the rhythms of several parameters (blood pressure, heart rate, haematocrit, plasma renin activity (PRA), atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) were assessed in six healthy men, aged 33 (SEM 2) years, who were submitted to bed rest for 28 days (D1-28). Systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BPs and BPd) and heart rate were measured at 0700 and 1900 hours; circulating PRA and ANP were determined from blood samples drawn at 0800, 1000, 1200, 1500, 1800 and 2200 hours before bed rest (D − 5), D1, 2, 7, 20, 27 during bed rest and post bed rest (D + 2). The BPs was the lowest at 0700 hours and increased at 1900 hours. There was a significant difference between values during all the measurements. The BPd and heart rate were lower at 0700 hours before and after bed rest and no significant difference appeared between these two values during the bed rest. The PRA and ANP concentrations were more stable during bed rest, and had not returned to original rhythmicity 2 days after bed rest. The mean daily concentration of ANP decreased during bed rest. It would seem from this study that changes occur in those rhythms during bed rest.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00357676
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