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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    REPRODUCIBILITY OF PRESSOR RESPONSE TO HANDGRIP: INFLUENCE OF TIME INTERVALS, STRENGTH AND DURATION OF EXERCISE (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical and experimental pharmacology and physiology 14 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1681
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: 1. The reproducibility of pressor response to handgrip performed at different time intervals and with different combinations of the product duration × strength of the exercise was evaluated in 14 normotensive subjects recording blood pressure with a non-invasive automatic device.2. Subjects underwent five consecutive tests (30% of maximal voluntary contraction × 90 s) at 30 min, and 24 h intervals and repeated the test after 12 months. Furthermore, they underwent at 24 h intervals a randomized sequence of handgrip tests whose product strength × duration was combined in order to achieve either a constant or an increasing level of exercise.3. Blood pressure response to exercise performed at 30 min intervals was much less reproducible than that induced by handgrip performed at time intervals ≥ 24 h.4. Increasing gradually the product strength × duration of the handgrip test there was a proportional blood pressure increase, whereas when the product was maintained constant diastolic blood pressure increase was also constant and reproducible within each subject.5. This study shows that it is possible to obtain reproducible diastolic blood pressure responses to handgrip test measuring blood pressure with a non-invasive automatic device when the tests are performed at a time interval of at least 24 h. The choice of the strength and of the duration of the exercise is very important for the reproducibility of the test.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1681.1987.tb01878.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Purification of a Na^+K^+ ATPase inhibitor from borderline hypertensives' plasma
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 169 (1990), S. 360-368 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-291X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0006-291X(90)90340-S
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Efficacy and tolerability of moexipril and nitrendipine in postmenopausal women with hypertension (1999)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 55 (1999), S. 185-189 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Key words Moexipril ; Menopause ; Hypertension
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and tolerability of the new angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor moexipril and the calcium antagonist nitrendipine in postmenopausal women with mild to moderate hypertension. Methods: After a 4-week placebo run-in period, 93 postmenopausal women (age range 44–70 years) with primary hypertension were randomized to receive moexipril 15 mg once daily or nitrendipine 20 mg once daily for 8 weeks. The mean sitting systolic (SSBP) and sitting diastolic blood pressures (SDBP) at baseline were 161.3/103.0 mmHg in the moexipril group, and 162.2/102.3 mmHg in the nitrendipine group. Results: After the 8 weeks of treatment, the SSBP/SDBP reductions were −21.2/−15.2 mmHg in the moexipril group and −18.2/−13.6 mmHg in the nitrendipine group. Blood pressure responses were adequate in 82.2% of the moexipril-treated patients and in 80.9% in the nitrendipine-treated group. Adverse events were more frequent with nitrendipine than with moexipril. The most common adverse events in the nitrendipine group were headache (23.4%), flushing (21.3%) and ankle oedema (14.9%). In the moexipril group the most common adverse event was cough (8.9%). Conclusion: The results of the study suggest that moexipril and nitrendipine are equieffective in the given dosages. In the patient population of postmenopausal women, the ACE inhibitor moexipril appears to have an advantage over the calcium antagonist nitrendipine with regard to tolerability.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002280050616
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interaction study of fenoldopam — digoxin in congestive heart failure (1989)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 37 (1989), S. 395-397 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: fenoldopam ; digoxin ; drug interaction ; CHF
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The potential interaction between fenoldopam, a DA1 selective agonist, and digoxin has been studied in 10 patients with heart failure (NYHA Class II or III) on chronic digoxin treatment. Plasma levels and urinary recovery of the glycoside were monitored for 24 h before and after 9 days of treatment with fenoldopam 100 mg tid. Fenoldopam caused a small, non-significant decrease in the mean steady state plasma concentration and area under the plasma concentration curve of digoxin. As the clearance of digoxin was unchanged there does not appear to be an interaction between fenoldopam and digoxin at the level of the renal tubule.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00558507
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cadralazine and chlorthalidone as a second-step drug with atenolol in hypertensive patients: Differences in blood pressure control during exercise (1986)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 30 (1986), S. 145-150 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: cadralazine ; chlorthalidone ; atenolol ; hypertension ; exercise ; metabolic effects
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The long-term efficacy of a new vasodilator, cadralazine (ISF 2469), and chlorthalidone have been compared in 20 hypertensive patients not adequately controlled by atenolol. After 4 weeks of treatment with atenolol 100 mg once daily, patients whose diastolic blood pressure was 〉95 mmHg were randomly divided into two groups to receive in addition to atenolol, either cadralazine 15 mg once daily or chlorthalidone 25 mg once daily. Both treatments were administered for 6 months. At the end of treatment with atenolol and after 3 and 6 months of combination therapy, blood pressure and heart rate were measured at rest and during bicycle exercise 24 h after the last dose. Compared to atenolol alone, both cadralazine and chlorthalidone caused a significant and similar reduction in resting blood pressure. Both groups showed an increase in diastolic blood pressure during exercise while receiving atenolol alone. The addition of chlorthalidone did not modify the pressor response to exercise, whereas patients taking cadralazine had a decrease in exercise diastolic blood pressure, which was fully evident after 6 months of therapy. The reduction in exercise diastolic blood pressure induced by cadralazine was proportional to the increase in exercise heart rate, suggesting a fall in peripheral vascular resistance. Chlorthalidone caused a significant increase in serum glucose and uric acid and a decrease in K+, whereas no change was observed during cadralazine It is concluded that cadralazine given once a day with atenolol has the same efficacy in controlling blood pressure at rest as the combination of atenolol and chlorthalidone, and in addition it improves the pressor response to dynamic exercise and does not cause unwanted metabolic effects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00614292
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Antiarrhythmic efficacy of propafenone: Evaluation of effective plasma levels following single and multiple doses (1986)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 30 (1986), S. 665-671 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: propafenone ; antiarrhythmic drug ; therapeutic range ; pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary In 11 patients with stable premature ventricular beats, the kinetics of single (150 and 300 mg) and multiple (150 mg t.i.d. and 300 mg t.i.d.) oral doses of propafenone were studied with reference to arrhythmia suppression. During the acute phase detectable plasma levels of the drug were achieved only with the higher dose. In 8 out of 10 patients the antiarrhythmic effect was obtained with the 300 mg dose, which was found to predict responsiveness at steady-state. During the chronic phase, antiarrhythmic efficacy was obtained with the lower dose regimen (150 mg t.i.d.) in half of those patients. A wide range of effective plasma levels was observed. The previously suggested therapeutic range (0.5–2.0 µg/ml) was not adequate in predicting either antiarrhythmic activity or adverse effects. The results show the role of propafenone metabolites in determining total antiarrhythmic action.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00608213
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lack of effect of captopril on serum digoxin in congestive heart failure (1989)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 36 (1989), S. 99-100 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: digoxin ; captopril ; congestive heart failure ; pharmacological interaction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00561035
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Flecainide: evidence of non-linear kinetics (1991)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 41 (1991), S. 57-59 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Flecainide ; pharmacokinetics ; ventricular arrhythmias
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The pharmacokinetics of flecainide has been studied in 12 patients with ventricular arrhythmias, both after single administration and during chronic treatment. Both the half-life and the AUC were significantly increased during chronic treatment. This suggests that the kinetics of flecainide might be non-linear also in patients with normal kidney and liver function. The increase in plasma flecainide levels during chronic treatment could not be predicted, so close monitoring of its plasma levels is advisable.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00280107
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    ACE-inhibitors and atherosclerosis (1992)
    Springer
    European journal of epidemiology 8 (1992), S. 129-133 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7284
    Keywords: ACE-inhibitors ; Atherosclerosis ; Blood vessels
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The involvement of the circulating and local renin-angiotensin system in atherosclerotic process has been hypothesized on the basis of experimental data showing presence and specific actions of the components of this system in the vascular wall. In particular, angiotensin II may participate in well known events in atherogenesis as the control of smooth muscle cell growth and proliferation. Recent studies have shown an effect of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition on the development of atherosclerosis in animal models. Captopril and cilazapril prevent myointimal proliferation after vascular injury in rat. Captopril reduces aortic cholesterol content and percentage intmal aortic surface covered by lesions in Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic rabbits. Captopril also significantly reduces the progression of carotid and coronary lesions in monkeys fed a high cholesterol diet. In addition, a role for converting enzyme inhibitors in reducing aortic and microvascular growth either in hypertensive or normotensive rats has been demonstrated. It is possible that ACE-inhibitors prevent angiotensin II-induced vascular proliferation and thereby suppress the development of atherosclerosis in animals. It is also conceivable that the blood pressure effects of ACE-inhibitors could play a role in the antiatherosclerotic effect shown by these drugs, even though this explanation cannot be addressed by studies dealing with normotensive animals. Then, other mechanisms could be involved, including hypothesized effects of blockade of the renin-angiotensin system on sympathetic nervous system activity, regulation of vascular growth factors and insulin sensivity. The clinical significance of these experimental findings is unknown. Molecular mechanisms by which the renin-angiotensin system can act on atherosclerosis pathogenesis and the influence of ACE-inhibitors on the course of arterial diseases in humans ought to be important subjects of future investigations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00145364
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