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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Non-specific cellular responses of rainbow trout to Vibrio anguillarum and its extracellular products (ECPs) (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 45 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: We have studied the early inflammatory response induced by Vibrio anguillarum and by its extracellular products (ECPs) in rainbow trout after intraperitoneal injection. The results showed a very similar inflammatory response which included leucopenia, mainly due to lymphopenia, neutrophilia and an increase in the number of circulating monocytes. Melanomacrophages as well as immature leucocytes were frequently observed circulating in the blood of injected rainbow trout. Monocytes often contain phagocytosed bacteria and other, altered cells including erythrocytes and leucocytes. However, neutrophils only occasionally phagocytosed bacteria. Many circulating leucocytes showed important structural alterations. Neutrophils of trout injected with bacteria and ECPs also showed stronger PAS-staining than those of control trout as well as Döhle bodies and swollen granules. A marked vasodilatation was observed in the kidney and spleen which was coincidental with a mobilization of eosinophilic granular cells and an hypertrophy of sinusoidal endothelial cells showing an increase in the number of cytoplasmic granules. An increase in the number of macrophages and melanomacrophages in the kidney and spleen as well as oedema and leucocyte infiltration in the liver and gills were also noted.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1994.tb00949.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Possible Life Cycle for Bonamia ostreae on the Basis of Electron Microscopy Studies
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Invertebrate Pathology 63 (1994), S. 1-6 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-2011
    Keywords: Bonamia ostreae; Ostrea edulis; ultrastructure; life cycle
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jipa.1994.1001
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Asymmetric distribution of calbindin-D28K in the ganglia habenulae of an elasmobranch fish (1990)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 181 (1990), S. 389-391 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Calbindin-D28K ; Immunohistochemistry ; Habenular ganglia ; Elasmobranchs ; Scyliorhinus canicula
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Using an antibody raised against a purified chick duodenal vitamin D-dependent calcium-binding protein, the presence and distribution of calbindin has been studied immunohistochemically in the habenular ganglia of the dogfish. In the more developed left ganglion, a positive reaction was clearly observed in the neurons of the medial nucleus, whereas in the lateral nucleus, only some scarce, hardly immunostained cells appeared. In the neurons of the right habenula however, no immuno-reactivity was observed. The distribution of vitamin D-dependent calcium-binding protein in the dogfish habenulae is therefore asymmetrical. This may be due to differences in the neuronal activity between the two ganglia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00186911
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Central projections of the parapineal organ of the adult rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) (1996)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 285 (1996), S. 69-74 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Key words: Parapineal organ ; Pineal organ ; Habenular nucleus ; Carbocyanine dye (DiI) ; Connections ; Oncorhynchus mykiss (Teleostei)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Neural connections of the small parapineal organ of the adult rainbow trout were experimentally investigated by using a lipophilic carbocyanine dye as a tracer. The dye was applied to the parapineal organ, to the pineal organ, or to the left or right habenular ganglion. The parapineal organ mainly projected via a coarse parapineal tract to a conspicuous neuropil in the rostrodorsal part of the left habenular ganglion. A small accessory parapineal tract projecting to the right habenular ganglion was also found in some animals. No pineal afferents were observed in the parapineal, nor was any neuron in the brain seen to project to this organ. These results suggest a functional relationship of the parapineal organ to the limbic system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004410050621
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The neuronal system of the saccus vasculosus of trout (Salmo trutta fario and Oncorhynchus mykiss): an immunocytochemical and nerve tracing study (1997)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 288 (1997), S. 497-507 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Key words: Hypothalamus ; GABA ; Neuropeptide Y ; Immunocytochemistry ; Development ; ontogenetic ; Oncorhynchus mykiss (Teleostei) ; Salmo trutta fario (Teleostei)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The neuronal system of the saccus vasculosus of two species of trout was studied with immunocytochemical methods and carboindocyanine-dye (DiI) tract-tracing. The cerebrospinal-fluid-contacting neurons of the saccus were immunoreactive for gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), and neuropeptide Y (NPY). Immunostaining of alternate sections of the saccus vasculosus of fry with anti-GAD and anti-NPY indicated that these substances were colocalized. The tractus sacci vasculosi and the neuropil of the nucleus sacci vasculosi were also immunoreactive to these substances. The GABA, GAD, and neuropeptide Y immunoreactivity of the saccus vasculosus system appeared early in trout ontogeny. After applying DiI to various levels of the tractus sacci vasculosi of adult trout, we observed massive bilateral saccular projections to the nucleus sacci vasculosi and could follow the course of the sacco-thalamic tract. This tract extended in the subependymal region of the thalamus rostral to the nucleus sacci vasculosi and split into two small tracts that reached the subhabenular-preoptic region. Sacco-thalamic fibers formed extensive periependymal plexuses along their trajectory. Interestingly, no clear evidence of the existence of a saccopetal system was obtained. On the basis of these results, we postulate that the saccus vasculosus system modulates the function of centers of the posterior tubercle and periventricular thalamus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004410050835
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cholinergic and GABAergic neuronal elements in the pineal organ of lampreys, and tract-tracing observations of differential connections of pinealofugal neurons (1999)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 295 (1999), S. 215-223 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Key words Immunocytochemistry ; Photoreceptors ; Acetylcholinesterase ; GABA ; Connections ; Serotonin ; Optic tectum ; Lampetra fluviatilis ; Ichthyomyzon unicuspis ; Petromyzon marinus (Cyclostomata)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The putative cholinergic and GABAergic elements of the pineal organ of lampreys were investigated with immunocytochemistry to choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and by acetylcholinesterase (AChE) histochemistry. For comparison we also carried out immunocytochemistry to serotonin (5-HT) and a tract-tracing investigation of the two types of projecting cells, i.e., ganglion cells and long-axon photoreceptors. Most photoreceptors were ChAT-immunoreactive (ChAT-ir) and AChE-positive, while ganglion cells and the pineal tract were ChAT-negative and AChE-negative or only faintly positive. These results strongly suggest the presence of a cholinergic system of photoreceptors in the lamprey pineal organ. GABA-ir fibers that appear to originate from faintly to moderately stained ganglion cells were observed in the pineal stalk. Immunocytochemistry to 5-HT indicated the presence of two types of 5-HT-ir cells, bipolar cells and ganglion-like cells. The connections of the ganglion cells and long-axon photoreceptors were also studied by application of DiI to the pineal stalk in fixed brains or of biotinylated dextran amine (BDA) to one of the main targets of pinealofugal fibers (optic tectum or mesencephalic tegmentum) in isolated brains in vitro. Some long-axon photoreceptors and ganglion cells were labeled from the optic tectum. However, BDA application to the tegmentum exclusively labeled ganglion cells in the pineal organ. These results indicate that the two morphological types of afferent pineal neuron have different projections. No labeled cells were observed in the parapineal organ in BDA experiments, indicating that this organ and the pineal organ are involved in different neural circuits.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004410051227
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Colonization antigens and haemagglutination patterns of humanEscherichia coli (1985)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases 4 (1985), S. 316-326 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-4373
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The haemagglutinating properties of 223 (35 enterotoxigenic and 188 non-enterotoxigenic)Escherichia coli strains with nine erythrocyte types were investigated; 153 strains were also tested for beta-haemolysis and colicin production and for the presence of CFA/I, CFA/II, K88 and K99 antigens. A selected group of strains was also examined by electron microscopy to determine the presence of fimbriae or fibrils and to establish the relationship between these, the haemagglutinating properties and the presence of colonization antigens. Generally, the haemagglutinating patterns yielded by the same strains grown in Mueller Hinton broth and on CFA agar differed considerably. Mannose-sensitive haemagglutinating (MSHA) patterns were more homogeneous than mannose-resistant haemagglutinating (MRHA) patterns. Forty-seven percent of the non-enterotoxigenic MRHA+ strains were haemolytic while only 6 % of the remaining strains were (X2 correction=34.01; p〈0.001). CFA/I was only detected in the four enterotoxigenic MRHA+ strains which were positive only with human and calf erythrocytes when grown on CFA agar. CFA/II was detected in three of a total of six enterotoxigenic strains which were MRHA+ only with calf erythrocytes when grown on CFA agar. K88 and K99 antigens were not detected. All strains in which bacteria with fimbriae or fibrils were observed showed haemagglutinating activity. Thus, 18 (66.7 %) of the 27 haemagglutinating strains grown on CFA agar showed fimbriae or fibrils while none of the 19 non-haemagglutinating strains did (X2 correction=18.10; p〈0.001).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02013660
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