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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characteristics of Helicobacter pylori-Induced Gastritis and the Effect of H. pylori Eradication in Patients with Chronic Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Helicobacter 9 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1523-5378
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background.  The association between Helicobacter pylori infection and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) has been reported widely. We investigated the prevalence of H. pylori infection, its virulence profile and the effectiveness of its eradication in patients with ITP.Materials and Methods.  Twenty patients with ITP, 20 with peptic ulcer (10 gastric ulcer (GU), 10 duodenal ulcer (DU)) and 20 with NUD were studied. The virulence profile of the strains was assessed by genotyping for cagA, vacA, iceA, and hpyIIIR/hrgA and by assaying for IL-8 and DNA fragmentation after incubation with AGS cells. Infected patients and two uninfected ITP patients received triple therapy and platelets were counted before and 1 month, 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years after eradication therapy.Results.  H. pylori infection was found in 17 ITP (85%), 20 ulcer (100%) and 13 NUD (65%) patients. Biopsies and strains were collected from five ITP, 20 ulcer and 13 NUD patients. The ITP patients had a pangastritis or corpus-predominant gastritis pattern. All H. pylori isolates, from ITP, ulcer and NUD patients, were cagA+ and vacA s1/m1, and did not differ in levels of IL-8 induction or DNA fragmentation. Fifteen ITP (88%) and 17 ulcer (85%) patients had successful eradication of H. pylori. Ten of these 15 (67%) H. pylori-eradicated ITP patients had platelet recovery. There was no significant change in platelet count in the two ITP patients in whom eradication failed or in the two originally H. pylori-uninfected ITP patients, or in the treated ulcer patients. Age at onset of ITP was the main determinant of platelet recovery: 100% of patients diagnosed after the age of 60 recovered compared with only 22% of those diagnosed before 50.Conclusions.  H. pylori-infected ITP patients have a corpus-predominant pattern of gastritis but the virulence profile of their strains does not differ from that of ulcer or NUD patients. Eradication of H. pylori infection is a good therapeutic option for some patients with chronic ITP, especially for those who develop ITP in older age.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1083-4389.2004.00261.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Restriction–modification system differences in Helicobacter pylori are a barrier to interstrain plasmid transfer (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Molecular microbiology 37 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2958
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Helicobacter pylori cells are naturally competent for the uptake of both plasmid and chromosomal DNA. However, we demonstrate that there are strong barriers to transformation of H. pylori strains by plasmids derived from unrelated strains. We sought to determine the molecular mechanisms underlying these barriers. Transformation efficiency was assessed using pHP1, an Escherichia coli–H. pylori shuttle vector conferring kanamycin resistance. Transformation of 33 H. pylori strains was attempted with pHP1 purified from either E. coli or H. pylori, and was successfully introduced into only 11 strains. Digestion of H. pylori chromosomes with different restriction endonucleases (REs) showed that DNA methylation patterns vary substantially among strains. The strain most easily transformed, JP26, was found to have extremely low endogenous RE activity and to lack a restriction–modification (R–M) system, homologous to MboI, which is highly conserved among H. pylori strains. When we introduced this system to JP26, pHP1 from MboI.M+ JP26, but not from wild-type JP26, transformed MboI R−M+ JP26 and heterologous MboI R−M+ wild-type H. pylori strains. Parallel studies with pHP1 from dam+ and dam−E. coli strains confirmed these findings. These data indicate that the endogenous REs of H. pylori strains represent a critical barrier to interstrain plasmid transfer among H. pylori.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2958.2000.02049.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Long-Term Follow-up after Eradication of Helicobacter pylori with Omeprazole, Clarithromycin, and Tinidazole (OCT Regimen) in a Japanese Population (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Helicobacter 10 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1523-5378
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background.  The long-term benefit of Helicobacter pylori eradication treatment that includes metronidazole on peptic ulcer disease in Japan is unclear. We investigated the rate of H. pylori re-infection and ulcer relapse after H. pylori eradication.Materials and methods.  A total of 266 patients with endoscopically confirmed peptic ulcer disease and H. pylori infection were treated with triple therapy of omeprazole 40 mg (20 mg b.i.d.), clarithromycin 800 mg (400 mg b.i.d.), and tinidazole 1000 mg (500 mg b.i.d.) for 7 days. Endoscopy with gastric biopsy was performed before and 1 month, 6 months, 1.5 years, and 3.5 years after therapy. H. pylori status was determined by H. pylori culture, rapid urease test, and histopathology. 13C-urea breath test was done at 6 months after eradication therapy. Treatment was deemed successful when all tests were negative at 6 months after therapy by endoscopic biopsy.Results.  Successful H. pylori eradication was achieved in 262/266 (98.5%) patients with peptic ulcer. Total relapse of peptic ulcer occurred in 8/262 (3%) patients after eradication, with 3/262 (1.1%) occurring within 1.5 years after treatment and 5/262 (1.9%) within 3.5 years. All relapsed patients were found to be H. pylori-positive at the time of relapse. Of the 262 patients who experienced eradication, 20 (7.6%) were subsequently re-infected, six (2.3%) within 1.5 years and 14 (5.3%) within 3.5 years.Conclusion.  Triple therapy with omeprazole, clarithromycin, and tinidazole (OCT) is useful for H. pylori eradication in Japan, but there is an appreciable re-infection rate in this population.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-5378.2005.00344.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Regulation of the HpyII restriction–modification system of Helicobacter pylori by gene deletion and horizontal reconstitution (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Molecular microbiology 42 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2958
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Helicobacter pylori, Gram-negative, curved bacteria colonizing the human stomach, possess strain-specific complements of functional restriction–modification (R–M) systems. Restriction–modification systems have been identified in most bacterial species studied and are believed to have evolved to protect the host genome from invasion by foreign DNA. The large number of R–Ms homologous to those in other bacterial species and their strain-specificity suggest that H. pylori may have horizontally acquired these genes. A type IIs restriction–modification system, hpyIIRM, was active in two out of the six H. pylori strains studied. We demonstrate now that in most strains lacking M.HpyII function, there is complete absence of the R–M system. Direct DNA repeats of 80 bp flanking the hpyIIRM system allow its deletion, resulting in an ‘empty-site’ genotype. We show that strains possessing this empty-site genotype and strains with a full but inactive hpyIIRM can reacquire the hpyIIRM cassette and functional activity through natural transformation by DNA from the parental R–M+ strain. Identical isolates divergent for the presence of an active HpyII R–M pose different restriction barriers to transformation by foreign DNA. That H. pylori can lose HpyII R–M function through deletion or mutation, and can horizontally reacquire the hpyIIRM cassette, is, in composite, a novel mechanism for R–M regulation, supporting the general hypothesis that H. pylori populations use mutation and transformation to regulate gene function.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2958.2001.02637.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Role of dprA in transformation of Campylobacter jejuni (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 252 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The role of a dprA ortholog (Cj0634) in Campylobacter jejuni transformation was phenotypically assessed using two strains. C. jejuni strain 11168 was naturally competent for transformation by chromosomal DNA, while efficiency decreased 100-fold in a Cj0634::aphA mutant, whereas C. jejuni strain 480 was not naturally competent. C. jejuni strain 480 but not 11168 could be electro-transformed by shuttle plasmid pRY111, an effect completely abolished by Cj0634 interruption. Complementation of the Cj0634 mutation in C. jejuni strain 480 in trans with vectors containing the dprA homologs from C. jejuni, Helicobacter pylori, or Haemophilus influenzae, completely (for Cj0634) or partially (H. pylori 〉 H. influenzae) restored electro-transformation. Thus, C. jejuni expresses a DprA ortholog that functionally most closely resembles that of H. pylori and is involved in DNA transformation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.femsle.2005.08.052
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phenotypic and functional characterization of T-cell lines generated from colonoscopic biopsy specimens in patients with ulcerative colitis (1995)
    Springer
    Digestive diseases and sciences 40 (1995), S. 198-210 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Keywords: T-cell lines ; colonoscopic biopsy specimens ; ulcerative colitis ; T-cell receptor ; cytotoxicity ; cytokine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Intestinal T-cell lines were generated from lamina propria mononuclear cells isolated from colonoscopic biopsies in ulcerative colitis patients and controls. In both ulcerative colitis and controls, expanded cells were constituted largely by T-cell receptor αβ+, CD4+, CD45RA− (helper), and CD8+, CD11b− (cytotoxic) phenotypes. T-cell receptor Vβ gene usage was not significantly changed after cell expansion and no difference was observed between ulcerative colitis and controls. Ulcerative colitis cells, especially those derived from the patients with long-standing disease, showed significantly higher levels of cytotoxicity against the target cells, including those of colonic epithelial origin, and enhanced production of tumor necrosis factor-α and interferon-γ after short incubation with anti-CD3 antibody. Generation of T-cell lines from colonoscopic biopsy specimens may be useful for detailed functional characterization of locally infiltrating T cells in ulcerative colitis patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02063967
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Elevation of interleukin-6 in inflammatory bowel disease is macrophage- and epithelial cell-dependent (1995)
    Springer
    Digestive diseases and sciences 40 (1995), S. 949-959 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Keywords: interleukin-6 ; inflammatory bowel disease ; macrophages ; colonic epithelial cells
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Local interleukin-6 (IL-6) activity was studied using colonic mucosal tissues in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and inflammatory control patients. Active IBD specimens exhibited significantly higher IL-6 activity than control specimens in both cultures of isolated lamina propria mononuclear cells (LPMC) and mucosal tissues with an increased number of IL-6-producing cells. However, the activity in inactive IBD or inflammatory controls did not differ from controls. Northern blot analysis demonstrated IL-6 messenger RNA in LPMC and colonic epithelial cells isolated from active IBD specimens but not in control cells. Furthermore, immunofluorescent microscopic study of active IBD specimens showed more conspicuous staining of IL-6 in infiltrating LPMC (mostly CD68+ cells) and colonic epithelial cells. These results suggest that elevation of local IL-6 activity may be a characteristic feature of active IBD and both macrophages and colonic epithelial cells are the major cell types responsible for this phenomenon.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02064182
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