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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Regulation of Na+, K+ -ATPase Isoforms in Rat Neostriatum by Dopamine and Protein Kinase C (1999)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd.
    Journal of neurochemistry 73 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract : Our previous studies showed that dopamine inhibits Na+, K+ -ATPase activity in acutely dissociated neurons from striatum. In the present study, we have found that in this preparation, dopamine inhibited significantly (by ~25%) the activity of the α3 and/or α2 isoforms, but not the α1 isoform, of Na+, K+ -ATPase. Dopamine, via D1 receptors, activates cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) in striatal neurons. Dopamine is also known to activate the calcium- and phospholipid-dependent protein kinase (PKC) in a number of different cell types. The PKC activator phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate reduced the activity of Na+, K+ -ATPase α3 and/or α2 isoforms (by ~30%) as well as the α1 isoform (by ~15%). However, dopamine-mediated inhibition of Na+, K+ -ATPase activity was unaffected by calphostin C, a PKC inhibitor. Dopamine did not affect the phosphorylation of Na+, K+ -ATPase isoforms at the PKA-dependent phosphorylation site. Phorbol ester treatment did not alter the phosphorylation of α2 or α3 isoforms of Na+, K+ -ATPase in neostriatal neurons but did increase the phosphorylation of the α1 isoform. Thus, in rat neostriatal neurons, treatment with either dopamine or PKC activators results in inhibition of the activity of specific (α3 and/or α2) isoforms of Na+, K+ -ATPase, but this is not apparently mediated through direct phosphorylation of the enzyme. In addition, PKC is unlikely to mediate inhibition of rat Na+, K+ -ATPase activity by dopamine in neostriatal neurons.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.1999.0731492.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intrarenal Dopamine: A Key Signal in the Interactive Regulation of Sodium Metabolism (2000)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Physiology 62 (2000), S. 621-647 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4278
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Medicine , Biology
    Notes: Abstract The kidney regulates sodium metabolism with extraordinary precision and sensitivity. This is accomplished by an intricate interaction between signals from extrarenal and intrarenal sources and between anti-natriuretic and natriuretic factors. Dopamine, produced in renal proximal tubule cells, plays a central role in this interactive network. Natriuretic hormones that are released from extrarenal sources, such as atrial natriuretic peptide, mediate some of their effects via renal dopamine receptors. On the level of the tubules, dopamine acts by opposing the effects of anti-natriuretic factors, such as angiotensin II and alpha-adrenergic receptors. Sodium retention leads to an increase in renal dopamine tonus, and the natriuretic effects of dopamine are more prominent under this condition. Inhibition or down-regulation of dopamine receptors significantly attenuates the natriuretic response to salt loading. Renal dopamine is modulated by the supply of filtered L-DOPA and the metabolism of dopamine via catechol-O-methyldopamine. The importance of dopamine as a natriuretic hormone is reflected by its capacity to inhibit the majority of renal tubule sodium transporters. Notably, the activity of Na+,K+ATPase is inhibited in most tubule segments by dopamine. Recent studies have elucidated many of the signaling pathways for renal dopamine receptors. Novel principles for homologous and heterologous sensitization of dopamine receptors have been detected that may explain some of the interaction between dopamine and other first messengers that modulate renal tubule sodium transport. A broad understanding of the renal dopamine system has become increasingly important, since there is now strong evidence from both clinical and experimental studies that dysregulation of the renal dopamine system plays a role in many forms of multigenetic hypertension.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.physiol.62.1.621
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Requirement for DARPP-32 in mediating effect of dopamine D2 receptor activation (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    European journal of neuroscience 11 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-9568
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: It is well documented that dopamine and dopamine D1 agonists convert the protein phosphatase-1 inhibitor, DARPP-32, from its dephosphorylated, inactive form into its Thr34-phosphorylated, active form, and that these effects on DARPP-32 constitute essential components of the mechanism by which dopamine and D1 agonists achieve their biological effects. In contrast to dopamine and D1 agonists, dopamine D2 agonists dephosphorylate and inactivate DARPP-32. Here we have examined the possibility that the biological effects of dopamine D2 receptor agonists might also involve DARPP-32. For this purpose, we have examined regulation of the activity of the electrogenic ion pump Na+,K+-ATPase, an established target for dopamine signalling. We have found that dopamine D1 agonists and dopamine D2 agonists inhibit Na+,K+-ATPase activity in dissociated cells from the mouse neostriatum and that, in each case, the effect is abolished in cells from mice deficient in DARPP-32. We conclude that DARPP-32 may play an obligatory role in dopaminergic signalling mediated both by D1 receptors and by D2 receptors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1460-9568.1999.00724.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    α-Haemolysin of uropathogenic E. coli induces Ca 2+ oscillations in renal epithelial cells (2000)
    [s.l.] : Macmillian Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 405 (2000), S. 694-697 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Pyelonephritis is one of the most common febrile diseases in children. If not treated appropriately, it causes irreversible renal damage and accounts for a large proportion of end stage renal failures. Renal scarring can occur in the absence of inflammatory cells, indicating that bacteria ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/35015091
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    IMPORTANCE OF AVP FOR BLOOD PRESSURE CONTROL DURING DEVELOPMENT: A STUDY IN THE BRATTLEBORO RAT (1982)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 394 (1982), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1982.tb37446.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inhibition by dopamine of (Na + + K + )ATPase activity in neostriatal neurons through D 1 and D 2 dopamine receptor synergism (1990)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 347 (1990), S. 386-388 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The activity of (Na+ + K+) ATPase was assayed as ouabain-sensitive ATP hydrolysis in a cell suspension of acutely dis-sociated striatal neurons from guinea pig. Dissociated striatum yields a cell population which, morphologically, is nearly homogeneous: an estimated 95% of striatal neurons are of a ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/347386a0
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kidney function in adults born with unilateral renal agenesis or nephrectomized in childhood (1988)
    Springer
    Pediatric nephrology 2 (1988), S. 177-182 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-198X
    Keywords: Unilateral nephrectomy ; Unilateral renal agenesis ; Infancy ; Long-term prognosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We have evaluated the long-term prognosis in an unselected group of adult patients either uni-nephrectomized in childhood because of hydronephrosis or born with unilateral renal agenesis. Thirty-six patients aged 7–47 years were followed for 7–40 years. In 23 control subjects aged 20–47 years the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and thep-aminohippuric acid clearance (CPAH) did not change significantly with age. In patients with a single kidney the size of that kidney was larger and GFR and CPAH were higher than single kidney values in control subjects. However, in patients with a single kidney since childhood the GFR and the CPAH declined slowly but significantly during the follow-up period. Significant microalbuminuria occurred in 47% of the patients with a single kidney and was more frequent with a longer follow-up period. No patient had renal insufficiency or a marked increase in arterial blood pressure. We conclude that in patients with a single kidney since childhood the long-term prognosis is good, but the late decrease in GFR and increase in albumin excretion may indicate a moderate risk for premature renal damage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00862585
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Increased renal tubular Na−K-ATPase activity in Milan hypertensive rats in the prehypertensive period (1991)
    Springer
    Pediatric nephrology 5 (1991), S. 700-703 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-198X
    Keywords: Milan hypertensive rats ; Thick ascending limb of Henle ; Na−K-ATPase activity ; Development
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Milan hypertensive (MSH) rats develop hypertension around the 3rd–4th week of life and exhibit increased Na-pump activity in adulthood. The present study was performed to evaluate whether or not hypertension is preceded by an increase in Na−K-ATPase activity. Total and ouabain-sensitive ATPase activities were studied in single microdissected medullary thick ascending limb of Henle (mTAL) tubules from MHS, Milan normotensive (MNS) and Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats at 22–24, 26–28 and 45–60 days of age. Data are given as mean±SEM. Total and Na−K-ATPase activity exhibited a developmental pattern in MHS, MNS and SD rats. At 22–24 days no difference was seen between MHS and MNS animals. At 26–28 days MHS had a higher total and Na−K-ATPase activity than MNS (3031+171 vs 2471+178 pmol phosphate/mm tubule per hour,P〈0.05; 2289+205 vs 1653+151,n=10,P〈0.05). At this age there was still no difference in mean arterial blood pressure (88+4 vs 86+3 mm Hg,n=15). Adult MHS rats had higher blood pressure (140+9 vs 112+8 mm Hg,P〈0.001) and higher total (3544+136 vs 2718+215 pmol phosphate/mm tubule per hour,n=10,P〈0.01) and Na−K-ATPase activity (2670+99 vs 1942+217 pmol phosphate/mm tubule per hour,n=10,P〈0.05) than adult MNS rats. We conclude that increased Na−K-ATPase activity in mTAL precedes the development of hypertension in the Milan strain of rats.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00857877
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Functional parameters and99mtechnetium-dimercaptosuccinic acid scan in acute pyelonephritis (1994)
    Springer
    Pediatric nephrology 8 (1994), S. 694-699 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-198X
    Keywords: Acute pyelonephritis ; 99mTechnetium-dimercaptosuccinic acid scintigraphy ; Ultrasonography ; UrineN-acetyl-β-d-glucosaminidase ; Urine albumin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The diagnostic value of99mtechnetium-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) scintigraphy, ultrasonography and renal functional parameters [urineN-acetyl-β-d-glucosaminidase (NAG)/creatinine and urine albumin/creatinine quotients] in acute pyelonephritis (APN) were studied in 39 children (28 girls, 11 boys, median age 9 months, range 2 weeks to 9.4 years, 28 patients 〈1 year, 11 patients 〉1 year) with first-time urinary tract infection. Ultrasonography of the urinary tract was performed on admission and together with DMSA scintigraphy (〈10 days from admission). Urine NAG/creatinine and urine albumin/creatinine quotients were measured daily and after 6–8 weeks. Ultrasonography revealed abnormalities in 12 of 39 (31%) patients [11/32 patients (34%) with positive DMSA scintigraphy], while DMSA uptake defects were present in 32 of 39 (82%) patients [21/28〈1 year (75%), 11/11 〉1 year (100%),P=0.08]. Urine NAG/creatinine and urine albumin/creatinine quotients were significantly higher in children 〈1 year with APN, as well as in non-renal fever controls, than in older children. However, in both age groups the urine NAG/creatinine and urine albumin/creatinine quotients were significantly higher in APN than in non-renal fever. The urine NAG and albumin excretion decreased rapidly after the initiation of antimicrobial therapy and had normalized at 6–8 weeks. The size and grade of the DMSA uptake defect (DMSA score) did not correlate with duration of disease at admission, maximum C-reactive protein or maximum fever. The urine NAG/creatinine quotient in the children 〈1 year showed, however, a significant correlation with the DMSA score (r=0.58,P〈0.05), while no correlation was found in the older children. We conclude that DMSA scintigraphy is a sensitive method to confirm the clinical diagnosis of APN, although a substantial number of infants appear to have normal scans. Early determination of the urine NAG/creatinine and albumin/creatinine quotients may further improve the diagnostics in the infant.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00869092
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of focal glomerulosclerosis after unilateral nephrectomy in infant rats (1987)
    Springer
    Pediatric nephrology 1 (1987), S. 290-296 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-198X
    Keywords: Unilateral nephrectomy ; Focal glomerulosclerosis ; Albuminuria ; Developing kidney
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Rats unilaterally nephrectomized in infancy (Nx5) or in adulthood (Nx55) and fed a normal (21%) protein diet were studied at 2, 3 and 6 months after surgery with regard to glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and the development of both albuminuria and focal glomerulosclerosis (FGS) in the remnant kidney. Nx rats were compared with sham-operated animals (S) of corresponding age. The incidence of FGS never exceeded 1.4% in S rats. In Nx5 rats the incidence of FGS was not increased at 2 and 3 months after surgery whereas it was significantly higher (range 10%–27%) than in S rats 6 months after surgery. Urinary albumin excretion was significantly increased in Nx5 rats 2 months after surgery and was even higher 6 months after surgery. In Nx55 rats the incidence of FGS was the same as in Nx5 rats 2, 3 and 6 months after surgery, but urinary albumin excretion was significantly lower than in Nx5 rats 6 months after surgery. The GFR expressed per unit of body weight decreased in both Nx5 and S5 rats from 2 to 6 months, but the decrease was more pronounced in Nx5 rats than in S5 rats. The GFR factored by kidney weight was significantly lower in Nx5 than in any of the other groups at the 6-month follow-up study. We conclude that, as in adults, when unilateral nephrectomy is performed in infancy, FGS will develop in the remnant kidney. More pronounced albuminuria and reduction of GFR may indicate that the glomerular lesion is more severe in rats nephrectomized in infancy than in adulthood.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00849226
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