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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effects of temperature on zoospores of the crook root fungus Spongospora subterranea f.sp. nasturtii (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant pathology 44 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3059
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The effect of temperature on the release, survival, encystment and infectivity of Spongospora subterranea f.sp. nasturtii zoospores released from diseased watercress roots was studied. There was rapid, synchronized release of zoospores at 20°C followed by a steep decline in zoospore numbers. A similar trend occurred at 10° C and 15° C, although fewer zoospores were released and the subsequent decline was more gradual. In contrast, at 5°C very low numbers of zoospores were released over the first 5 days. Subsequently, zoospore release increased rapidly over the following 3 days and zoospore numbers were maintained at relatively high levels for a further 6 days. This duration of high zoospore numbers at 5°C was due to prolonged survival rather than continual release. When a uniform zoospore suspension released at IOC was transferred to 20·C zoospore numbers were found to decline rapidly over 6 days; the decline was less rapid at 15° C and IOC, taking 9 and 15 days, respectively. At 5°C zoospore numbers decreased slowly. Few zoospores encysted on roots at 20° C but increased numbers were found at 15°C and 10°C. There were significantly more diseased roots at 10° C than at 5,15 or 20° C. The lowest number of diseased roots was found at 20° C. The correlation between increased seventy of the disease in the field during the winter months and the effect of temperature on zoospores of S. subterranea f.sp. nasturtii is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.1995.tb02733.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of polychlorinated biphenyls on several endocrine reproductive parameters in the female rhesus monkey (1990)
    Springer
    Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology 19 (1990), S. 939-943 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0703
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Female rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatto) ingested gelatin capsules containing daily doses of 0 (control), 5, 20, 40, or 80 μg of Aroclor® 1254/kg/day (PCB) which was dissolved in corn oil plus glycerol. After approximately two years of dosing and when the monkeys were near an adipose tissue PCBs equilibrium, each dose group of 16 animals was randomly divided into two test groups. Daily blood samples from both groups were acquired for estrogen and progesterone analysis during one menstrual cycle. Test group 1 was sampled during February-March and test group 2 during August–September. Serum estrogen and progesterone concentrations in monkeys dosed with PCBs were equivalent to control values with the exception of the luteal phase progesterone levels in the 20 and 80 μg/kg/day dosed monkeys in test group 1. There was no difference in menstrual cycle length between control and treated monkeys for the month sampled, however, menses duration was marginally longer in the 80 μg/kg/day dose group. There were no apparent treatment related differences in the incidence of anovulatory cycles nor on the temporal relationship between the estrogen peak and menses onset, menses end or the progesterone peak.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01055065
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Postmortem tissue levels of polychlorinated biphenyls in female rhesus monkeys after more than six years of daily dosing with Aroclor® 1254 and in their non-dosed offspring (1995)
    Springer
    Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology 29 (1995), S. 69-76 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0703
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCBs) analyses were made on prenecropsy blood samples and postmortem adipose, liver, kidney, and brain tissues from female rhesus monkeys fed a daily dose of 0, 5, 20, 40, or 80 μg Aroclor® 1254/kg body weight for approximately 6 years. During this time, the females were bred with non-dosed males. All resulting offspring were nursed for 22 weeks and fed no additional PCBs until they were necropsied at approximately 120 weeks after birth. PCBs were also measured in necropsied infant tissues to determine PCB levels due to intake of PCB-contaminated milk from the dosed dams, in addition to in utero exposure. Polychlorinated biphenyl levels in all tissues of the adult monkeys increased with their dosage. The highest PCB levels were found in adipose tissue and the lowest levels were found in the brain. Polychlorinated biphenyl residues in the cortex of the kidney were lower than in the medulla, while in the brain no appreciable differences were observed between the occipital and frontal lobes. Necropsy tissues of infants from dosed dams contained more PCBs than those nursed by controls, but less than tissues from stillborn infants. Although no differences were observed between PCB tissue levels from monkeys having offspring and those having no offspring, those having a stillborn infant had higher PCB levels in their tissues than those with a viable infant. Similarly, monkeys that were euthanized because of poor health had higher PCB levels in their tissues than those necropsied at the conclusion of the study and showed a dramatic shift from tetra- and hexachlorobiphenyls to penta-and heptachlorobiphenyls in their tissues. The PCB distribution pattern in tissues from a dosed mother/infant pair differed considerably. A larger percentage of heptachlorobiphenyls was found in the infant than in its dam. The adipose/blood PCB ratio increased with dosage, while the brain/blood PCB ratio in the adult monkeys remained remarkably constant.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00213089
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Domoic acid: A teratology and homeostatic study in rats (1994)
    Springer
    Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 53 (1994), S. 18-24 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0800
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00205133
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of aroclor 1254® on hydrocortisone levels in adult rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) (1989)
    Springer
    Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 43 (1989), S. 667-669 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0800
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01701985
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnetic resonance spectroscopyin vivo: applications in neurological disorders (1997)
    Springer
    Neurological sciences 18 (1997), S. 321-329 
    Details
    ISSN: 1590-3478
    Keywords: Magnetic resonance spectroscopy ; Brain ; Muscle ; Proton ; Phosphorus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Sommario La risonanza magnetica spettroscopica utilizza lo stesso magnete e stessi computers utilizzati dalla risonanza magnetica per immagine convenzionale ma, al contrario di quest'ultima, fornisce specifiche informazioni riguardo le condizioni chimicopatologiche del tessuto studiato. Tali informazioni costituiscono importanti indici di patologia che possono essere utili nella diagnosi e monitoraggio di pazienti affetti da malattie neurologiche. Nel nostro articolo, focalizzeremo l'attenzione sulle applicazioni di tale tecnica che hanno dimostrato di avere maggiore utilizzo clinico. Queste includono la risonanza magnetica spettroscopica del fosforo, usata nella diagnosi di varie malattie muscolari, e quella del protone, usata per la evidenziazione del focus epilettogeno nell'epilessia temporale, per classificare tumori cerebrali, per effettuare studi sulla storia naturale della sclerosi multipla.
    Notes: Abstract Magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopy (MRS) is performed using the same magnets and computers as conventional MR imaging (MRI), However, unlike conventional MRI, which provides structural information, MRS provides chemical information that represents pathologically specific measures useful for diagnosis and monitoring of patients affected by neurological disorders. This review will focus on selected clinical applications of MRS that have been demonstrated to have clinical use. These include phosphorus MRS of muscle to diagnose metabolic muscle disease, and proton MRS of brain to lateralize temporal lobe epilepsy, to classify brain tumors, and to evaluate the natural history and pathology of multiple sclerosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02048235
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy in brain white matter disorders (1997)
    Springer
    Neurological sciences 18 (1997), S. 331-339 
    Details
    ISSN: 1590-3478
    Keywords: White matter ; Multiple sclerosis ; Leukodystrophy ; Magnetic resonance ; Spectroscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Sommario L'avvento della risonanza magnetica per immagini ha rivoluzionato l'approccio clinico verso le patologie della sostanza bianca cerebrale ed ha fortemente contribuito all'evolversi del concetto di tali malattie. Tuttavia, malgrado la risonanza magnetica per immagini convenzionale sia ottimale per localizzare ed identificare le lesioni cerebrali, essa ha mostrato forti limiti nel fornire specifiche informazioni circa tali lesioni. La risonanza magnetica spettroscopica à stata di recente utilizzata in pazienti affetti dalle più diverse malattie coinvolgenti primariamente la sostanza bianca cerebrale dimostrandosi in grado di fornire nuove ed importanti informazioni delle lesioni cerebrali studiate. Tali informazioni si sono rivelate utili per una migliore diagnosi di tali patologie così come per un monitoraggio della loro evoluzione e della loro risposta ad interventi terapeutici.
    Notes: Abstract The advent of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has revolutionized the clinical approach to the evaluation of brain white matter disorders and has contributed significantly to expansion of the concept of these diseases. MRI is very sensitive at detecting white matter lesions, but conventional T1 and T2-weighted images do not provide specific pathological information about the lesions, and correlation between MRI lesion load and clinical disability is often weak. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy can provide chemical-pathological information of a given tissue invivo. The use of this MR technique in brain white matter disorders has shown to improve diagnostic classification and to provide surrogate measures useful for monitoring disease evolution and response to therapeutic intervention.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02048236
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The regeneration and screening of watercress somaclones for resistance to Spongospora subterranea f. sp. nasturtii and measurement of somaclonal variation (1998)
    Springer
    Plant cell, tissue and organ culture 52 (1998), S. 155-164 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5044
    Keywords: Brassicaceae ; disease resistance screening ; organogenesis ; Rorippa nasturtium-aquaticum ; shoot regeneration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A range of watercress (Rorippa nasturtium-aquaticum) explants (stems, hypocotyls, true-leaves, cotyledons and petioles) were tested for their capacity to regenerate adventitious shoots from callus formed using Murashige and Skoog medium containing different concentrations of thidiazuron and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. The highest shoot regeneration rate was a mean of 18 shoots per responding explant from stem callus formed on medium containing 5 μM thidiazuron and 0.05 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. A histological study confirmed that shoots originated directly from callus tissue. Twenty five percent of somaclones exhibited somaclonal variation in leaf shape, plant height, axillary branching or ploidy. The variation in 6% of somaclones was heritable to the first selfed generation. A screening protocol was developed to permit the identification of somaclones with increased resistance to the economically damaging watercress root pathogen, Spongospora subterranea f. sp. nasturtii. Although 883 somaclones were screened using this protocol, no significant increase in disease resistance was detected.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006042817075
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Muscle high-energy phosphates in central nervous system disorders. The phosphorus MRS experience (1997)
    Springer
    Neurological sciences 18 (1997), S. 353-357 
    Details
    ISSN: 1590-3478
    Keywords: Muscle ; Phosphorus MRS ; Spectroscopy ; CNS disorders
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Sommario La risonanza magnetica spettroscopica del fosforo è usata per studiare il metabolismo dei fosfati del muscolo in molti disordini cerebrali. Le encefalomiopatie mitocondriali primitive evidenziano un pattern tipico di alterato metabolismo muscolare a riposo e durante il recupero dall'esercizio. Nelle cefalee, nella malattia di Parkinson e nell'emiplegia alternante le osservazioni di risonanza magnetica spettroscopica del muscolo supportano l'ipotesi di una possibile disfunzione mitocondriale in tali patologie. Simili risultati ottenuti in pazienti con sclerosi multipla sono probabilmente da mettere in relazione a un secondario decondizionamento muscolare. In pazienti con sindrome post poliomielitica e con alcune forme di atassia ereditaria, l'aumento del fosfato inorganico muscolare potrebbe essere dovuto ad un difetto metabolico ancora sconosciuto. In conclusione, in varie patologie del sistema nervoso centrale il metabolismo dei fosfati del muscolo scheletrico può essere alterato e tale alterazione può essere dovuta a differenti meccanismi patogenetici. Tutte le differenti possibilità dovrebbero essere prese in considerazione nel valutare i risultati della risonanza magnetica spettroscopica nelle malattie del sistema nervoso centrale.
    Notes: Abstract Phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) was used to study muscle phosphates metabolism in several brain disorders. Those with primary mitochondrial encephalomyopathies showed the typical pattern of impaired oxidative metabolism at rest and during recovery after exercise. In migraine, Parkinson's disease and alternating hemiplegia muscle MRS observations lend support to a possible mitochondrial dysfunction. Similar observations in multiple sclerosis are probably the result of secondary deconditioning. In post polio syndrome and in some of the hereditary ataxias, elevated intracellular inorganic phosphates may be the result of another, yet unknown, metabolic impairment. Thus, muscle phosphate metabolism may be altered in various central nervous system (CNS) disorders by different metabolic impairments. All these possibilities should be taken into account when evaluating MRS results in brain diseases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02048238
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