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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Endogenous hormone levels during direct somatic embryogenesis in Medicago falcata (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 92 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Endogenous indole-3-acetic acid, abscisic acid and cytokinins (zeatin, zeatin riboside, N-isopentenyladenine and N-isopentenyladenosine) were evaluated in initial explants (leaves) of in vitro propagated plants of alfalfa (Medicago falcata L.) lines varying in embryogenic capacity and during the somatic embryogenesis process. Fast embryo-genic induction was correlated with high IAA and low ABA levels in the initial explants. No significant differences were observed in the cytokinin contents. Our results suggest that a certain hormone balance is necessary to allow the expression of the embryogenic potential. The consistent stages of the direct somatic embryogenesis are also characterized by changes in hormonal levels.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1994.tb06658.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterisation and expression of the mitochondrial genome of a new type of cytoplasmic male-sterile sunflower (1994)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 26 (1994), S. 1819-1831 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: cytoplasmic male sterility ; coxIII and atp6 loci ; mitochondrial rearrangements ; sunflower
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A new cytoplasmic male sterile sunflower, CMS3 [44], was characterised in relation to the Petiolaris (PET1) cytoplasmic male-sterile sunflower, CMS89 [25]. Southern blot analysis showed that the mitochondrial genome of CMS3 contains unique rearrangements in at least five loci (atp6, atp9, atpA, nad1+5 and coxIII) compared to the PET1 sterile and the fertile cytoplasms. Transcripts of two (coxIII and atp6) of the five rearranged loci differed in CMS3 when compared to the corresponding loci in the PET1 and fertile cytoplasms. In organello protein synthesis experiments showed that the ca. 15 kDa mitochondrial polypeptide, characteristic of PET1, is not present in the CMS3 line. These data suggest that the molecular basis of male sterility in the CMS3 line differs from that of the PET1 cytoplasm. The nucleotide sequences of the coding and the immediate flanking regions of the coxIII and atp6 genes of CMS3 were compared to the corresponding regions from the fertile sunflower. In CMS3, the ORFB-cox III locus is located immediately 3′ to the atpA gene whereas in the fertile cytoplasm these two loci are ca. 60 kb apart. This DNA rearrangement probably involved a 265 bp repeat which may be implicated in the DNA recombination associated with PET1 CMS. The atp6 gene in CMS3 contains a 5′-terminal extention which results in an extended ORF. The potential involvement of the rearrangements associated with the coxIII and atp6 loci in relation to the CMS phenotype is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00019495
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Long-term resistance to tomato spotted wilt virus in transgenic tobacco cultivars expressing the viral nucleoprotein gene: greenhouse and field tests (1998)
    Springer
    Molecular breeding 4 (1998), S. 155-164 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9788
    Keywords: transgenic tobacco ; nucleoprotein gene-mediated resistance ; TSWV ; field trials
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract We examined the resistance phenotype of a large number of transgenic tobacco plants originating from 12 commercial (Nicotiana tabacum) cultivars expressing the sense form of the nucleoprotein (N) gene of L3, a Bulgarian isolate of tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV). The analysis revealed that transgenic plants are completely protected against the homologous L3 isolate of TSWV irrespective of whether or not they contain detectable levels of translational product. The effectiveness of protection against the virus was investigated upon mechanical inoculation under greenhouse conditions and in field trials. Non-segregating resistant lines were selected and the inheritance of the resistance to TSWV was analysed in successive generations (R3–R6). Extensive tests under controlled conditions and two-year field trials proved that the resistance to TSWV is stable in different environments and is a stably inherited trait.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009644315295
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Alfalfa embryo production in airlift vessels via direct somatic embryogenesis (1994)
    Springer
    Plant cell, tissue and organ culture 38 (1994), S. 19-23 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5044
    Keywords: air-lift bioractor ; alfalfa (Medicago falcata) ; direct somatic embryogenesis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A procedure for the development of alfalfa (Medicago falcata L.) somatic embryos to the torpedo stage in air-lift vessels is described. Embryos were initiated from chopped leaf explants and were formed by direct somatic embryogensis. The system produced a high number of torpedo stage embryos. The effect of various inoculation densities on embryo development was studied. A procedure for the development and maturation of embryos in aerated liquid media was established. The rate of conversion of the torpedo stage embryos formed in the vessels was 83%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00034438
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetic studies of embryo development and nutrient utilization in an alfalfa direct somatic embryogenic system (1993)
    Springer
    Plant cell, tissue and organ culture 33 (1993), S. 67-73 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5044
    Keywords: alfalfa (Medicago falcata) ; direct somatic embryogenesis ; kinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A method for direct somatic embryogenesis in alfalfa (Medicago falcata) is described. The time course in the development phase has been followed for fresh weight, cell density, pH, sugar uptake and embryo number and type. The method of disrupting the explant material has also been shown to influence subsequent embryo formation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01997600
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Linear isothermal crystal growth rate of i-polypropylene by differential scanning calorimetry (1987)
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 17 (1987), S. 445-451 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract In the present work equations are derived that enable us to calculate the linear crystal growth rate using DSC-isothermal peaks. The primary nuclei density is taken into account by measuring the average spherulite radius of already crystallized samples by means of polarization microscopy. The results, thus obtained, show that the isothermal crystallization process of i-polypropylene proceeds in two stages, the second one being of higher rate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00255617
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Role of genetic background in somatic embryogenesis in Medicago (1985)
    Springer
    Plant cell, tissue and organ culture 4 (1985), S. 111-122 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5044
    Keywords: alfalfa ; somatic embryogenesis ; germplasm ; genotypic variation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Seventy-six cultivars of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L., M. falcata L. and M. varia Martyn) were tested in vitro for their capacity to produce callus and somatic embryos. A three-step media protocol was used to survey the response of the cotyledons and hypocotyl of each genotype while the epicotyl region was conserved in order to recover highly responding genotypes. The best regeneration response was observed in creepingrooted cultivars which contained a strong genetic contribution of two landrace germplasm sources, defined as M. falcata and Ladak, in their ancestry. The callus and embryogenesis responses showed a high degree of variation both between cultivars and among the plants of many of the 76 cultivars tested. A higher number of plants produced somatic embryos in the high regenerating cultivars compared to the low regenerating cultivars regardless of the media protocol or explant.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00042269
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Expression of an anther-specific chalcone synthase-like gene is correlated with uninucleate microspore development in Nicotiana sylvestris (1998)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 38 (1998), S. 1169-1178 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: anther ; Arabidopsis thaliana ; chalcone synthase-like ; microspore ; Nicotiana sylvestris ; tapetum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Two cDNA clones, specifically expressed in Nicotiana sylvestris anthers during uninucleate microspore development, were isolated using a subtractive hybridization approach. Sequence analysis showed that one of them, NSCHSLK, displayed a high level of similarity to several anther-specific chalcone synthase-like (CHSLK) proteins and an ORF from chromosome 1 of Arabidopsis thaliana. A lower, but significant, similarity to chalcone synthases and closely related enzymes (CHSRE) was also detected. The structure of the nschslk gene was found to be typical of the chalcone (chs) / stilbene (sts) synthase family. Expression of NSCHSLK mRNA was confined to microspores and tapetal cells. UV-irradiation or infection with Phytophthora parasitica var. nicotianae of transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana plants carrying a chimeric nschslk/GUS gene indicated that the nschslk promoter exhibits the same anther-specific, developmentally regulated expression pattern. Comparison of CHSRE and CHSLK polypeptide sequences revealed some important similarities and differences between the two groups. The data presented in this study, suggest that the anther-specific chslk genes represent a separate sub-family of plant polyketide synthases related to chs/sts in terms of gene structure, polypeptide sequence and the possible catalytic mechanism, but differing in substrate/product specificity. The putative role of CHSLK enzymes in anther development and particularly in exine synthesis is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006074508779
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plant regeneration from suspension culture and mesophyll protoplasts of Medicago sativa L. (1984)
    Springer
    Plant cell, tissue and organ culture 3 (1984), S. 149-162 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5044
    Keywords: alfalfa ; somatic embryogenesis ; protoplast ; cell suspensions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A system was established for achieving plant regeneration from mesophyll protoplasts and cotyledon-derived cell suspension cultures of alfalfa, Medicago sativa L. Peeled leaflets or cells from 6-day-old cell suspensions were incubated in an enzyme mixture containing 1% Driselase, 1% Rhozyme, 0.1% Cellulase and 72 gl-1 mannitol at pH 5.8 for 2–16 h to liberate protoplasts. A complex Kao medium supported cell division and colony formation, whereas a high auxin/low cytokinin treatment on Schenk and Hildebrandt medium followed by culture on growth regulator-free Blaydes or Linsmaier and Skoog medium resulted in somatic embryo formation. Of the three varieties tested. Citation, Answer and Regen S, the latter two produced embryos from which plants could be regenerated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00033736
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