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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The microbiota of periodontal pockets with different depths in therapy-resistant periodontitis (1999)
    Munksgaard : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Journal of clinical periodontology 26 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-051X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. This study presents the composition of the cultivable microbiota colonising periodontal pockets of different depths among 2 patient-groups classified as non-responsive (NR-group; 11 participants) or responsive (R-group; 10 participants) to periodontal treatment. Microbiological samples from three types of pocket (〈4 mm deep A-samples; 4–5 mm B-samples; 〉5 mm C-samples) were analysed by cultural methods for putative periodontitis pathogens, microbial groups constituting ≥5% of the total cultivable flora and opportunistic pathogens. Actinomyces naeslundii, A. israelii, Bacteroides forsythus, Fusobacterium spp, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Peptostreptococcus micros, anaerobic streptococci and facultative anaerobic streptococci were most prevalent. Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Staphylococcus aureus, enteric rods and yeasts were less prevalent. The periodontitis pathogens Bacteroides forsythus, Fusobacterium spp, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia and Peptostreptococcus micros constituted together (on average) ≤23% of the viable counts in the A- and B-samples of both patient groups and in the C-samples of the Rgroup. In the C-samples of the NR-group their mean counts were 45%. Correlations were found between smoking habits and the five pathogens in the Csamples and in pooled pocket depth samples. The results show that groups of periodontopathogens should be considered a causal factor in therapy-resistant periodontitis. Further, smoking and deep pockets can enhance a shift in the balance of the subgingival microflora predisposing a site to disease and a susceptible host may be the pre-requisite to therapy-resistant periodontitis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-051X.1999.260303.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Therapy-resistant periodontitis. Psychosocial characteristics (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of clinical periodontology 25 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-051X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. This study investigated the perspective of a stress system disorder in the pathogenesis of therapy-resistant periodontitis. The goal was to find indications that the stress-behaviour-immune system model holds as an explanatory model for the understanding of periodontal disease, 2 patient-groups were compared: one group classified as responding well to periodontal treatment (responsive-group. R-group. n= 11); the other group was classified as responding less well to treatment (non-responsive-group. NR-group, n=l I), Somatic and psychological factors were described as obtained by interviews and psychological testings. These findings were related to clinical data documented during the treatment of the patients. An exact logistic multivariate regression analysis was performed on a model based on variables selected by bivariate analysis (variable versus group). The results indicated that the NR-group patients displayed indications of more psychosocial strain and a more passive-dependent personality. The R-group patients displayed a more rigid personality and possibly a less stressful psychosocial situation in the past. The report highlights the possible contribution of stress factors in the context of therapy resistant periodontal disease, and the results seem to be understandable within the context of a stress system disorder perspective.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-051X.1998.tb02477.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of delmopinol hydrochloride mouthrinse on plaque formation and gingivitis in “rapid” and “slow” plaque formers (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of clinical periodontology 24 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-051X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The aim of the present study was to investigate differences in the plaque and gingivitis inhibiting effect of delmopinol rinsing between “rapid” and “slow” plaque formers. 23 subjects (12 “rapid” and 11 “slow” plaque formers) were selected from 71 healthy young adults. The selection was based on the plaque index on the buccal surfaces of all premolars and 1st molars after 3-days without plaque control. The 23 subjects were randomly assigned into 3 groups with different mouthrinses, i.e., 0.1% delmopinol, 0.2% delmopinol, and placebo. The study was double-blind with parallel design between the “rapid” and “slow” plaque formers and cross-over design between 2 active periods and a placebo period. Each rinsing period lasted for 5 days. During the 3 test periods, the subjects refrained from all oral hygiene and rinsed 2 × daily with either one of the 3 solutions. Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) was collected from buccal surfaces of upper canines and premolars and bleeding on probing (BOP) recorded at 6 sites around each tooth before and after each test period. Plaque assessment, including plaque index (PI) and standardized color slides for planimetric analyses obtained from the canines and premolars, were only recorded after each test period. Results showed that the mean PI and planimetry values for both the “rapid” and “slow” plaque formers were lower than the placebo, for either the 0.1% or the 0.2% delmopinol mouthrinse. The differences between the “rapid” and “slow” plaque formers were not statistically significant. There was a small reduction in BOP in both groups for the delmopinol periods, as against a slight increase in the placebo period: the difference between the placebo group and the 2 groups of plaque formers was not statistically significant (p〉0.6 for both 0.1% and 0.2% delmopinol). Results suggested that both 0.1% and 0.2% delmopinol reduce plaque formation and gingivitis to a similar extent in subjects with extreme rates of plaque formation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-051X.1997.tb00216.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of the effect of the linseed extract Salinum® and a methyl cellulose preparation on the symptoms of dry mouth (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Gerodontology 12 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1741-2358
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The effect of a linseed extract Salinum® and a sodium carboxymethyl cellulose preparation called MAS-84 was compared with regard to its effect on the symptoms of dry mouth. Twenty patients with xerostomia, who had been treated for cancer in the head and neck by radiation were recruited from the clinic for maxillofacial surgery, Malmö University Hospital. Following radiation treatment the salivation was severely reduced. The symptoms of a general feeling of a dry mouth, difficulties in chewing and swallowing, taste disturbances, problems with speech and mouth burning were registered on a subjective verbal rating scale. In addition plaque index and gingival bleeding index were determined. The study design was crossover and performed single blind. The experimental period was 7 weeks. The patients were randomly divided into 2 groups, One group used Salinum® and the other MAS-84 for 3 weeks. The fourth week was a wash out period and for the next three weeks the patients shifted preparation. Each of the preparations was used ad libitium. Registrations of the various parameters were undertaken on days 0, 7 and 21 of the respective period. At the initial examination all patients reported considerable disturbances from mouth-dryness. These symptoms were reduced in 15 patients during the Salinum® period and in 9 during the MAS-84 period. The relief was significantly more pronounced during the use of Salinum® compared to that during the use of the methyl cellulose preparation. On day 21 plaque and gingival bleeding were significantly reduced during the Salinum® period but not during the MAS-84 period. The results of the present study confirm those of a previous pilot study and indicate that the linseed mucilage significantly reduced the symptoms of dry mouth. This effect increased with increasing time of saliva substitute use. The linseed mucilage Salinum® appeared to be a suitable saliva replacement in mouth dry patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-2358.1995.tb00124.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transmission electron microscopy of supraalveolar periodontal healing of auto- and allotransplanted teeth in monkeys (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Dental traumatology 6 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0595
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract An ultrastructural study of the supra-alveolar periodontal healing of auto- and allotransplanted teeth was performed in 4 immunologically unmatched green Vervet monkeys. Eight mature incisors were either auto- or allotransplanted. Non-transplanted adjacent incisors served as controls. Prior to transplantation the teeth were endodontically treated extraorally. Eight weeks after transplantation, biopsies including part of the tooth and the adjacent supra-alveolar tissues were taken, fixed, decalcified and processed for electron microscopy. A thin electron dense layer covered the root surface of the autotransplanted teeth. Most collagen fibres inserted into this electron-dense border, as well as into the underlying cementum. A similar relationship between the fibres and root surface was found in controls. On the allotransplanted teeth a layer of electron-dense granular material covered the root surface in the supra-alveolar area. Collagen fibres inserting into the electron-dense border were frequently observed. Fibroblasts were the predominant cell type in the connective tissue adjacent to all transplanted teeth. In autotransplants 2 morphotypes of fibroblasts were observed: 1) cells with dilated endoplasmic reticulum and swollen mitochondria; and 2) cells with normal characteristics of protein synthesis and secretion. The fibroblasts of the allografts were predominantly cells with dilated endoplasmic reticulum and swollen mitochondria. The results indicated some similarities in the healing between the root surface and connective tissue in the supra-alveolar portion of the roots of auto- and allotransplanted teeth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-9657.1990.tb00383.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Supra-alveolar periodontal healing of auto- and allotransplanted teeth in monkeys (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Dental traumatology 5 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0595
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Although intra-alveolar healing of allotransplanted teeth often shows pathological changes due to rejection of the tooth graft, previous clinical findings seem to indicate that the supra-alveolar part of the allografts heals differently, which is of significant prognostic value. The aim of the present study was to determine the healing of the cervical part of the periodontium of auto- and allotransplanted mature teeth in monkeys. In 4 adult, immunologically unmatched, green vervet monkeys 16 mature permanent maxillary and mandibular incisors were extracted, endodontically treated and either auto- or allotransplanted; 8 untreated neighbouring incisors served as controls. Block biopsies including part of the tooth and the adjacent vestibular tissues were obtained after a healing period of 8 weeks. The biopsies were decalcified in EDTA and embedded in Epon. In semi-thin sections (1.5 μm) the morphology of the supra-alveolar periodontal tissues was analysed in the light microscope. The orientation of the connective tissue fibres close to the root surface was found to be more parallel to the root surface of allotransplants compared with autografts, while in the control teeth the fibres were generally oriented perpendicular to the root surface. Resorption of the root was seldom found in the supra-alveolar portions of any of the transplanted teeth. The junctional epithelium had migrated slightly apically onto the root surfaces of allotransplanted teeth. The gingival connective tissue adjacent to allotransplanted teeth showed a significantly increased number of lymphocytes compared with autografts and controls. Gingival healing of allotransplanted teeth only differed slightly concerning the orientation of inserting fibres, the number of lymphocytes surrounding the graft and the position of the junctional epithelium, compared with autografts and control teeth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-9657.1989.tb00366.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The influence of progestogen on gingival exudation during menstrual cycles (1969)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of periodontal research 4 (1969), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0765
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The investigation was undertaken to evaluate the effect on gingival exudation of a raised level of progestogen in young females by using the exudation during the normal menstrual cycle as a reference. Fourteen female student nurses aged 19 to 24 years participated in this study. Only the buccal mesial aspect of the upper incisor and canine teeth was examined. In no case did the depth of the gingival pocket exceed three millimeters, and the gingiva in the area of observation showed clinically only slight signs of chronic inflammation. Intra-crevicular exudate samplings were carried out once every second day for a period of around 140 days. The hormone administration was not started until a period of time containing two phases of menstrual bleedings had elapsed. The results clearly show that the regular use of chlormadinone acetate, a synthetic preparation with a specific and marked progestogen effect, induces a gradual increase in the amount of gingival exudate obtainable on filter paper strips inserted into gingival pockets. The influence of the progestogen was most marked during the menstrual phase when the production of ovarian estrogens and progesterone is low.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0765.1969.tb01952.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of experimental leukopenia on chronic gingival inflammation in dogs (1971)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of periodontal research 6 (1971), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0765
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The effect of experimental leukopenia induced by nitrogen mustard on chronic gingival inflammation has been studied in dogs. The effect on the gingivae was assessed by measurements of crevicular leukocytes, gingival fluid and the level of acid phosphatasc activity in samples from gingival crevices. During leukopenia a reduction in all these parameters was observed. The values returned to normal in the post-leukopenic period. The results obtained indicate that crevicular leukocytes may contribute to the enzyme milieu in the gingival crevice and that these cells, through their lysosomal enzymes, may influence the tendency of the dento-gingival vessels to show increased permeability.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0765.1971.tb00609.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Presence of leukocytes wuthin the gingival crevices during developing gingivities in dogs (1971)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of periodontal research 6 (1971), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0765
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The presence of leukocytes in the cellular exudates within the gingival crevices during developing gingivitis has been studied in dogs. Repeated sampling was performed over a period of 35 days. An increase in the amount of leukocytes within the crevices was observed. The relative proportions of the various leukocytes in the crevicular exudates remained unaltered throughout the experimental period, showing 95–98% neutrophils, 1.2% lymphocytes and 1.3% monocytes. Experiments on cellular emigration, utilizing the skin window technique, indicated that a sustained predominance of neutrophils in an exudate may occur when dental plaque is continuously present on the surface of the lesion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0765.1971.tb00596.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of anti-thymocyte serum on chronic gingival inflammation in dogs (1974)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of periodontal research 9 (1974), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0765
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The role of cellular immunity in chronic gingivitis has been studied in beagle dogs. The mechanism of delayed hypersensitivity in the animals was suppressed by administration of rabbit anti-dog-thymocyte globulin (ATS). The immunosuppressive effect of the antiserum was evaluated from the inhibition of a delayed hypersensitivity reaction in the skin to l-dinitro-2.4-chlorobenzene (DNCB). The level of gingival inflammation was determined before and after antiserum administration by measurements of crevicular leukocytes, gingival fluid and activity of acid phosphatase in crevicular samples.Antiserum administration inhibited the hypersensitivity reactions in the skin towards DNCB. The gingival parameters were moderately reduced, but similar changes occurred in a group of control dogs injected with normal rabbit immunoglobulin. The results indicate that cellular immunity does not play a major role for the continuous maintenance of chronic gingivitis in the beagle dog.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0765.1974.tb00678.x
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