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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The synthesis of NPY and DBH is independently regulated in adrenergic nerves after reserpine (1987)
    Springer
    Neurochemical research 12 (1987), S. 221-225 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6903
    Keywords: Adrenergic enzymes ; NPY ; reserpine ; rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A newly developed cytofluorimetric scanning technique was applied in a pharmacological study to investigate the influence of reserpine (10 mg/kg) on the axonal transport of norepinephrine (NE), dopamine-β-hydroxylase (DBH), tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), and neuropeptide Y (NPY)-like immunoreactivities (LI) in the adrenergic axons of the sciatic nerve of rat. Early after reserpine (18 hr and 24 hr after the reserpine injection) the amounts of NE accumulated proximal to a 12-hr crush werenil or very low, as observed in earlier studies. DBH-LI, TH-LI, and NPY-LI accumulations were also depressed but only to about 50% of control accumulations. This decrease in amounts of transported substances was probably caused by a decrease in protein synthesis and also a lowered velocity of fast axonal transport initially after reserpine, when body temperature is low. The amounts of accumulated NE, DBH-LI, TH-LI, and NPY-LI were normalized around day 2 after reserpine, but on day 4 NE, DBH-LI, and in some rats also TH-LI accumulated in supranormal amounts. However, NPY-LI accumulations were normal, indicating that DBH, butrot NPY, was trans- synaptically induced in rat sympathetic neurons, and that the biochemical composition of axonally transported organelles is altered for some days after reserpine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00972129
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The contribution of cholinergic enzymes and acetylcholine from the lumbar sympathetic chain to the rat sciatic nerve (1986)
    Springer
    Journal of neural transmission 67 (1986), S. 163-174 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1463
    Keywords: Rat sciatic ; motor axons ; sympathetic cholinergic outflow ; acetylcholine ; cholineacetyltransferase ; acetylcholinesterase ; axonal transport
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary This study was performed to investigate how much of the acetylcholine (ACh), cholineacetyltransferase (ChAT) and ACh-esterase (AChE) in the rat sciatic nerve originate from the somatic motor input and from the automatic sympathetic input, respectively. The somatic motor axons to the sciatic nerve were eliminated by surgical transsection of the spinal roots, (rhizotomy) and the autonomie component was removed by surgical resection of the lumber sympathetic chain bilateraly (sympathectomy). Also combined operations were performed. In intact (non-crushed) sciatic nerve rhizotomy caused a reduction in ACh content by 70%, in ChAT-activity by 55%, and in AChE-activity by 41%. Sympathectomy alone had very little influence on ACh and ChAT, but reduced AChE by 20%. After crushing the nerve 13 hours before sacrifice, all three substances accumulated proximal to the crush region as described previously. When compared to the control group, sympathectomy alone caused a reduction in accumulated amounts of AChE only, while ACh and ChAT accumulations were essentially unchanged. Rhizotomy alone caused a substantial reduction in accumulated amounts of all three substances, but most prominently in ACh and ChAT-amounts. After symphathectomy in combination with rhizotomy ACh-accumulations were very low, and enzyme activities were reduced more than in the group with rhizotomy alone. A certain amount of residual ChAT and AChE was present in the nerve, and the location of this is discussed. The fact that combined sympathectomy and rhizotomy lowered ACh accumulations significantly more than would be expected from the results after either operation alone is commented upon. The results thus indicate that the major part of ACh enzymes in rat sciatic nerve is located in somatic motor axons. Very little ACh and ChAT, but about 20% of the ACh E is confined to the sympathetic axons. Some extraneuronal enzyme appears to be present.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01243345
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rapid axonal transport as a chromatographic process: The use of immunocytochemistry of ligated nerves to investigate the biochemistry of anterogradely versus retrogradely transported organelles (1988)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton 10 (1988), S. 309-320 
    Details
    ISSN: 0886-1544
    Keywords: immunofluorescence ; cytofluorimetric scanning ; composition of organelles ; rat motor axons ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The distribution and axonal transport of cholinergic organelles has been studied in the rat motor system, using immunofluorescence methods and a cytofluorimetric technique for quantification of immunoreactive material. Crush-operated spinal roots and sympathectomized sciatic nerves were sectioned longitudinally and incubated with antisera against p38, SV2, CGRP, chromogranin A (Chr A), synapsin I (SYN I), and with RASVA (rabbit anti-synaptic vesicle antiserum). Motor endplates were also studied. It was observed that proximally accumulating organelles - i.e., organelles which were in transport distally in the axons -  contained RASVA-like immunoreactivity (LI) p38, SV2, CGRP-LI, Chr A-LI, and SYN I-LI. Retrogradely transported organelles, however, contained only p38 and SV2 in addition to RASVA-LI, but virtually no CGRP-LI, ChrA-LI, or SYN I-LI. It is suggested that the rapid axonal transport mechanism operates in the nerves like a chromatographic process, which allows the concentration in the axons, proximal or distal to the crush, of organelles in anterograde or retrograde transport, respectively. The technique of nerve crushes in combination with immunocytochemistry can therefore be used to investigate the biochemical composition of organelles in transit along the axon, and give information on neurobiological events occurring in these long processes leading to the nerve endings. In this study, biochemical differences between anterogradely and retrogradely transported cholinergic crganelles in the motor neuron of the rat have been observed, and were related to suggested events in the endplate.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cm.970100135
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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