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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sorbitol production by Zymomonas mobilis (1984)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 20 (1984), S. 225-232 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary High resolution 13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy has been employed to determine the chemical composition of the unknown major products in a sucrose or fructose plus glucose fermentation to ethanol by the bacterium Zymmonas mobilis. When grown on these sugars Z.mobilis was found to produce significant amounts of sorbitol, up to 43 g·l-1 for strain ZM31 when grown on 250 g·l-1 sucrose. The production of sorbitol and decrease of glucose, fructose, or sucrose was followed throughout batch fermentations by NMR and HPLC. Sorbitol was shown to be derived only from fructose by [14C]-feeding experiments. Additionally 31P NMR spectroscopy was utilized to determine the concentrations of both glucose 6-phosphate and fructose 6-phosphate relative to their respective concentrations in Z.mobilis cells fermenting glucose or fructose alone. It is suggested that free glucose inside the cell inhibits fructokinase. Free intracellular fructose may then be reduced to sorbitol via a dehydrogenase type enzyme. Attempts to grow Z.mobilis on sorbitol were unsuccessful, as were experiments to induce growth via mutagenesis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00250630
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterisation of the anti-bladder-cancer monoclonal antibody BLCA-8: Identification of its antigen as a neutral glycolipid (1995)
    Springer
    Cancer immunology immunotherapy 41 (1995), S. 348-354 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0851
    Keywords: Bladder cancer ; Monoclonal antibody ; Neutral glycolipid antigen ; Antigen accessibility
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A monoclonal antibody, BLCA-8, was raised against the human bladder cancer cell line, UCRU-BL-17CL. By flow cytometry and immunoperoxidase staining, this antibody was found to possess high specificity for bladder tumours, some reactivity with fetal tissues, and no reactivity with normal bladder, or any normal or malignant tissue. This high specificity and the stability of the antigen to the urinary environment suggest that BLCA-8 may have potential for use as an anti-bladder-cancer therapeutic agent. By thin-layer chromatography and autoradiography, BLCA-8 was found to bind four components within the neutral lipid fraction of a bladder cancer cell line, UCRU-BL-17/23α. These components hadR F values of 0.22, 0.16/0.15 (doublet), 0.12 and 0.08, and migrated below globoside, indicating the presence of more than four sugars. By enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay and thin-layer chromatography it was found that the binding of BLCA-8 to the lipid extract was increased by both mild alkaline hydrolysis and enzymatic treatments, indicating that adjacent phospholipids and glycolipids interfere with the accessibility of the antibody-binding site. Full biochemical characterisation of the BLCA-8 antigen is currently underway.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01526554
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of mannitol metabolism in the mangrove red algaCaloglossa leprieurii (Montagne) J.Agardh (1997)
    Springer
    Planta 201 (1997), S. 173-178 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Caloglossa ; Hexokinase ; Mannitol-1-phosphate dehydrogenase ; Mannitol-1-phosphatase ; Mannitol dehydrogenase ; Osmolyte metabolism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A metabolic pathway, known as the mannitol cycle in fungi, has been identified as a new entity in the eulittoral mangrove red algaCaloglossa leprieurii (Montagne) J. Agardh. Three specific enzymes, mannitol-1-phosphate dehydrogenase (Mt1PDH; EC 1.1.1.17), mannitol-1-phosphatase (MtlPase; EC 3.1.3.22), mannitol dehydrogenase (MtDH; EC 1.1.1.67) and one nonspecific hexokinase (HK; EC 2.7.1.1) were determined and biochemically characterized in cell-free extracts. Mannitol-1-phosphate dehydrogenase showed activity maxima at pH 7.0 [fructose-6-phosphate (F6P) reduction] and pH 8.5 [oxidation of mannitol-1-phosphate (Mt1P)], and a very high specificity for both carbohydrate substrates. TheK m values were 1.4 mM for F6P, 0.09 mM for MOP, 0.020 mM for NADH and 0.023 mM for NAD+. For the dephosphorylation of MOP, MtlPase exhibited a pH optimum at 7.2, aK m value of 1.2 mM and a high requirement of Mg2+ for activation. Mannitol dehydrogenase had activity maxima at pH 7.0 (fructose reduction) and pH 9.8 (mannitol oxidation), and was less substrate-specific than Mt1PDH and MtlPase, i.e. it also catalyzed reactions in the oxidative direction with arabitol (64.9%), sorbitol (31%) and xylitol (24.8%). This enzyme showedK m values of 39 mM for fructose, 7.9 mM for mannitol, 0.14 mM for NADH and 0.075 mM for NAD+. For the non-specific HK, only theK m values for fructose (0.19 mM) and glucose (7.5 mM) were determined. The activities of the anabolic enzymes Mt1PDH and MtlPase were always at least two orders of magnitude higher than those of the degradative enzymes, indicating a net carbon flow towards a high intracellular mannitol pool. The function of mannitol metabolism inC. leprieurii as a biochemical adaptation to the environmental extremes in the mangrove habitat is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01007701
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterisation of the anti-bladder-cancer monoclonal antibody BLCA-8: identification of its antigen as a neutral glycolipid (1995)
    Springer
    Cancer immunology immunotherapy 41 (1995), S. 317-323 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0851
    Keywords: Key words Bladder cancer ; Monoclonal antibody ; Neutral glycolipid antigen ; Antigen accessibility
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  A monoclonal antibody, BLCA-8, was raised against the human bladder cancer cell line, UCRU-BL-17CL. By flow cytometry and immunoperoxidase staining, this antibody was found to possess high specificity for bladder tumours, some reactivity with fetal tissues, and no reactivity with normal bladder, or any normal or malignant tissue. This high specificity and the stability of the antigen to the urinary environment suggest that BLCA-8 may have potential for use as an anti-bladder-cancer therapeutic agent. By thin-layer chromatography and autoradiography, BLCA-8 was found to bind four components within the neutral lipid fraction of a bladder cancer cell line, UCRU-BL-17/23α. These components had R F values of 0.22, 0.16/0.15 (doublet), 0.12 and 0.08, and migrated below globoside, indicating the presence of more than four sugars. By enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay and thin-layer chromatography it was found that the binding of BLCA-8 to the lipid extract was increased by both mild alkaline hydrolysis and enzymatic treatments, indicating that adjacent phospholipids and glycolipids interfere with the accessibility of the antibody-binding site. Full biochemical characterisation of the BLCA-8 antigen is currently underway.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002620050234
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterisation of the anti-bladder-cancer monoclonal antibody BLCA-8: identification of its antigen as a neutral glycolipid (1996)
    Springer
    Cancer immunology immunotherapy 41 (1996), S. 348-354 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0851
    Keywords: Key words Bladder cancer ; Monoclonal antibody ; Neutral glycolipid antigen ; Antigen accessibility
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  A monoclonal antibody, BLCA-8, was raised against the human bladder cancer cell line, UCRU-BL-17CL. By flow cytometry and immunoperoxidase staining, this antibody was found to possess high specificity for bladder tumours, some reactivity with fetal tissues, and no reactivity with normal bladder, or any normal or malignant tissue. This high specificity and the stability of the antigen to the urinary environment suggest that BLCA-8 may have potential for use as an anti-bladder-cancer therapeutic agent. By thin-layer chromatography and autoradiography, BLCA-8 was found to bind four components within the neutral lipid fraction of a bladder cancer cell line, UCRU-BL-17/23α. These components had R F values of 0.22, 0.16/0.15 (doublet), 0.12 and 0.08, and migrated below globoside, indicating the presence of more than four sugars. By enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay and thin-layer chromatography it was found that the binding of BLCA-8 to the lipid extract was increased by both mild alkaline hydrolysis and enzymatic treatments, indicating that adjacent phospholipids and glycolipids interfere with the accessibility of the antibody-binding site. Full biochemical characterisation of the BLCA-8 antigen is currently underway.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01526554
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Application of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to analysis of ethanol fermentation kinetics in yeasts and bacteria (1999)
    Springer
    Biotechnology letters 21 (1999), S. 839-848 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6776
    Keywords: ethanol ; fermentation ; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ; yeasts ; Zymomonas mobilis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is proving to be a very valuable technique for characterizing the metabolic status of a range of microbial fermentations. This non-invasive method allows us not only to determine the presence of particular metabolites, but also to monitor reaction rates, enzyme activities and transport mechanisms in vivo. Despite the low levels of the carbon-13 isotope (1.1%), natural-abundance 13C-NMR studies have proven useful in monitoring the progress of various fermentation processes. Furthermore, 31P-NMR can provide noninvasive information relating to cellular metabolism, and on the energy status of the cells. This results from the facility with NMR to identify various nucleotide phosphates and other energy-rich compounds in the cell, as well as to characterize changes in the intracellular pH from the chemical shifts of internal phosphate and other phosphorylated intermediates. In this review, we will summarize the use of NMR as an analytical tool in biotechnology and also discuss examples that illustrate how NMR can be used to obtain significant information on the characteristics of ethanol fermentations in both yeasts and bacteria.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005519323748
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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