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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    DISTRIBUTION AND UPTAKE OF AMINO ACIDS IN VARIOUS REGIONS OF THE CAT BRAIN IN VITRO (1969)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 16 (1969), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: —(1) The levels of the free amino acids were determined in five areas of the cat brain. The regional pattern was heterogeneous and fairly characteristic for each compound.(2) The uptakes of α-aminoisobutyric acid, taurine, d-aspartic acid, and l-histidine were measured in incubated slices from 31 regions of the cat CNS. Differences in uptake were found among the various areas; the regional pattern of uptake was different for each amino acid. The initial rate of uptake (5 min incubation) very often paralleled the rate at equilibrium (90 min incubation).(3) The regional correlation between distribution in vivo and uptake in vitro was good for aspartate, less so for histidine, and poor for taurine.(4) It is concluded that regional heterogeneity in exit processes, available energy, cell density, or protein content is unlikely to have decisive influence in determining regional differences in distribution and transport of metabolites; it seems that influx is the most important factor.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1969.tb09898.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Heteroexchange of amino acids in incubated slices of brain
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 151 (1972), S. 102-111 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-9861
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0003-9861(72)90478-X
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    NMR method for superoxide dismutase assay in brain and liver homogenates
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Biochemical and Biophysical Methods 22 (1991), S. 135-144 
    Details
    ISSN: 0165-022X
    Keywords: Brain ; Liver ; NMR ; Superoxide dismutase ; Tissue homogenates
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0165-022X(91)90026-S
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The tricyclic antidepressant clomipramine dose-dependently reduces regional cerebral metabolic rates for glucose in awake rats (1993)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 113 (1993), S. 53-59 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Clomipramine ; Serotonin ; Rats ; Brain metabolism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The time course and the relation to dose of regional cerebral metabolic rates for glucose (rCMRglc) were measured in awake male Fischer-344 rats after administration of clomipramine (CMI), a serotonin (5-HT) uptake inhibitor and clinical antidepressant. rCMRglc was determined, using the quantitative autoradiographic [14C]2-deoxyglucose technique, in 64 brain regions at 20, 40, 60, 120, and 180 min after administration of CMI 50 mg/kg IP and 120 min after CMI 2 and 10 mg/kg IP. The peak metabolic effect was observed at 120 min after CMI. At that time, CMI 2 and 10 mg/kg IP significantly reduced rCMRglc from control values in 12 (19%) and 14 (22%) brain regions, which correspond to areas with high densities of 5-HT reuptake sites (e.g. visual and limbic areas and raphe nuclei). CMI 50 mg/kg produced widespread rCMRglc reductions in 34 (53%) brain regions, including cortical, hippocampal, raphe and cerebellar areas. The topographic distribution and the relation to time and dose of CMI effects on rCMRglc are different from those of 5-HT1A [8-hydroxy-2(di-N-propylamino) tetralin], 5-HT1B-C (m-chlorophenylpiperazine) and 5-HT3 (quipazine) agonists and resemble those produced by 1-(2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodophenyl)-2-aminopropane (DOI), an agonist of 5-HT2 receptors, suggesting that CMI may prefentially stimulate this 5-HT receptor subtype.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02244334
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Free light chains in the CSF in multiple sclerosis (1987)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 234 (1987), S. 303-307 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Multiple sclerosis ; Cerebrospinal fluid ; Free light chains ; Agarose IEF ; Avidin biotin peroxidase complex staining
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The presence of free light chains (FLC) was investigated in 32 patients with clinically definite or laboratory supported definite multiple sclerosis (MS), 2 patients with neurosyphilis and 10 normal controls. The detection of FLC in unconcentrated cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was performed by means of agarose isoelectric focusing, followed by transfer of proteins to nitrocellulose membranes, double immunofixation, avidin-biotin amplification and peroxidase staining. Bands due to FLC were clearly demonstrated in the CSF of 28 MS patients; 3 of them showed only kappa FLC, 10 only lambda FLC, while 15 had both kappa and lambda FLC. The CSF of 4 MS patients was FLC negative. In both cases of neurosyphilis FLC bands were observed. FLC were never found in normal CSF. Among the indexes of intrathecal immunological activity (IgG oligoclonal bands, FLC, IgG index, intra-blood-brain barrier IgG synthesis rate, pleocytosis) the FLC proved to be the second most frequent abnormality in MS CSF, the presence of IgG oligoclonal bands being the first. In one MS case an FLC band was found, while all the other indexes of intrathecal IgG production were negative. A high correlation was found between an elevated number of FLC and pleocytosis. The presence of FLC in MS CSF seems to indicate a recent immunological stimulation leading to increased synthesis of FLC within the CNS.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00314285
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Two-dimensional electrophoresis of cerebrospinal fluid proteins in normal and pathological conditions (1985)
    Springer
    Neurochemical research 10 (1985), S. 1203-1219 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6903
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis technique has been adapted for the analysis of human cerebrospinal fluid proteins. Proteins were detected by Coomassie brilliant blue stain and/or by silver stain. Highly reproducible protein patterns were obtained. We analyzed ten normal CSF specimens, thirty pathological CSF specimens and the corresponding sera. We mapped the protein patterns observed by examination of serum/CSF differences and by immunofixation. Preliminary observations on the changes in protein patterns in CSF specimens from patients with neurological disorders are reported.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00964840
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Does liver arterialization improve the altered cerebral amino acid pattern in the rat after portacaval shunt? (1979)
    Springer
    Neurological sciences 1 (1979), S. 263-267 
    Details
    ISSN: 1590-3478
    Keywords: Liver arterialization ; Portacaval shunt ; Cerebral amino acids
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Sommario Nel ratto portatore cronico di anastomosi porto-sistemica sono state osservate notevoli alterazioni dei profili aminoacidici plasmatici e cerebrali. Modificazioni analoghe sembrano svolgere un importante ruolo anche nella patogenesi dell'encefalopatia porto-sistemica umana. L'arterializzazione del fegato dopo anastomosi porto-sistemica si è mostrata in grado di migliorare notevolmente le alterazioni biochimiche suddette nel nostro modello sperimentale.
    Notes: Abstract Altered plasma and brain amino acid patterns have been observed in the rat after portacaval shunt. Similar alterations are likely to play an important role in hepatic encephalopathy in humans. In our model, liver arterialization remarkably improves the pathologic amino acid levels following portacaval shunt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02336708
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in the monkey: humoral immunity and blood-brain barrier function (1989)
    Springer
    Neurological sciences 10 (1989), S. 561-565 
    Details
    ISSN: 1590-3478
    Keywords: Experimental allergic encephalomyelitis ; humoral immunity ; oligoclonal IgG ; BBB ; CSF ; serum ; monkey
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Sommario Gli Autori hanno indotto una encefalomielite autoimmune sperimentale acuta monofasica in 5 scimmie (Macacus cynomolgus). Campioni di liquido cerebrospinale (LCS) e del rispettivo siero sono stati prelevati prima e quattro settimane dopo l'immunizzazione, tempo necessario per il completo manifestarsi del quadro clinico. Dopo l'immunizzazione il rapporto dell' albumina LCS/siero e l'IgG index erano aumentati in notevole misura. La focalizzazione isoelettrica in agarosio, seguita da doppia immunofissazione, amplificazione con avidina-biotina e colorazione con perossidasi, ha evidenziato bande oligoclonali (BO) IgG sia nel LCS che nel siero di tutte le scimmie esaminate, tuttavia il pattern oligoclonale appariva più evidente dopo immunofissazione contro le catene leggere. La sintesi intratecale di BO IgG è stata evidenziata solo in un campione di LCS. L'immunoblotting per affinità non ha permesso di evidenziare BO IgG dirette contro la proteina basica della mielina. Non sono state evidenziate bande oligoclonali IgA e IgM, come non sono state evidenziate catene leggere libere.
    Notes: Abstract Acute monophasic experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (AMEAE) was induced in 5 Macacus cynomolgus monkeys. Serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) paired samples were collected before and four weeks after immunization, time of complete development of AMEAE clinical picture. After immunization the CSF/serum albumin ratio and the IgG index were markedly increased. Agarose isoelectric focusing (AIEF) followed by immunofixation revealed faint IgG oligoclonal bands in both serum and CSF of all monkeys, which became more evident after Kappa and Lambda assessment. Intrathecal synthesis of IgG oligoclonal bands was detected in only one CSF. Affinity-driven immunoblotting failed to detect anti-myelin basic protein (MBP) oligoclonal IgG. No free light chain (FLC) patterns or IgA and IgM oligoclonal bands were detected.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02333954
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in the monkey: humoral immunity and blood-brain barrier function (1989)
    Springer
    Neurological sciences 10 (1989), S. 561-565 
    Details
    ISSN: 1590-3478
    Keywords: Experimental allergic encephalomyelitis ; humoral immunity ; oligoclonal IgG ; BBB ; CSF ; serum ; monkey
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Sommario Gli Autori hanno indotto una encefalomielite autoimmune sperimentale acuta monofasica in 5 scimmie (Macacus cynomolgus). Campioni di liquido cerebrospinale (LCS) e del rispettivo siero sono stati prelevati prima e quattro settimane dopo l'immunizzazione, tempo necessario per il completo manifestarsi del quadro clinico. Dopo l'immunizzazione il rapporto dell'albumina LCS/siero e l'IgG index erano aumentati in notevole misura. La focalizzazione isoelettrica in agarosio, seguita da doppia immunofissazione, amplificazione con avidina-biotina e colorazione con perossidasi, ha evidenziato bande oligoclonali (BO) IgG sia nel LCS che nel siero di tutte le scimmie esaminate, tuttavia il pattern oligoclonale appariva più evidente dopo immunofissazione contro le catene leggere. La sintesi intratecale di BO IgG è stata evidenziata solo in un campione di LCS. L'immunoblotting per affinità non ha permesso di evidenziare BO IgG dirette contro la proteina basica della mielina. Non sono state evidenziate bande oligoclonali IgA e IgM, come non sono state evidenziate catene leggere libere.
    Notes: Abstract Acute monophasic experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (AMEAE) was induced in 5 Macacus cynomolgus monkeys. Serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) paired samples were colleced before and four weeks after immunization, time of complete development of AMEAE clinical picture. After immunization the CSF/serum albumin ratio and the IgG index were markedly increased. Agerose isoelectric focusing (AIEF) followed by immunofixation revealed faint IgG oligoclonal bands in both serum and CSF of all monkeys, which became more evident after Kappa and Lambda assessment. Intrathecal synthesis of IgG oligoclonal bands was detected in only one CSF. Affinity-driven immunoblotting failed to detect anti-myelin basic protein (MBP) oligoclonal IgG. No free light chain (FLC) patterns or IgA and IgM oligoclonal bands were detected.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02333791
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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