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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Biotechnology progress 7 (1991), S. 391-396 
    ISSN: 1520-6033
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Biotechnology progress 8 (1992), S. 494-500 
    ISSN: 1520-6033
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European food research and technology 186 (1988), S. 114-117 
    ISSN: 1438-2385
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wird ein Analysenverfahren zur Bestimmung von Ochratoxin A in Milch beschrieben. Die Milch wird in einer Pufferlösung bei pH 1,6 homogenisiert, um an Proteine gebundenes Ochratoxin A freizusetzen. Ochratoxin A wird anschließend mit Chloroform extrahiert und der Extrakt über Natriumbicarbonat gereinigt. Der Nachweis des Toxins erfolgt nach hochdruckflüssigchromatographischer Trennung an einer Phasenumkehr-Trennsäule mit dem Fluorescenzdetektor. Die Nachweisgrenze der Methode liegt bei 0,1 ng/ml. Als durchschnittliche Wiederfindungsrate wurde im Bereich zwischen 0,5–10,0 ng/ml ein Wert von 83,1 % ermittelt. Die Absicherung der Ergebnisse ist durch die Analyse toxinhaltiger HPLC-Fraktionen mittels Massenspektrometrie (Direct Exposure Probe) bei chemischer Ionisation in Methan oder eines Enzymimmunoassays möglich. Mit dieser Methode wurden Rückstände von Ochratoxin A in 4 von 36 nach zufälligen Kriterien gesammelten Muttermilchproben nachgewiesen.
    Notes: Summary A method for the determination of ochratoxin A in milk is described. The milk is homogenized in a buffer solution at pH 1.6 to release ochratoxin A from its bond to proteins. Ochratoxin A is extracted with chloroform and the extract cleaned up using a base clean-up step. Analysis is performed by high-pressure liquid chromatography, using a reversed-phase column and fluorescence detection. The detection limit of the method is 0.1 ng/ml and the average recovery rate, tested in the range between 0.5 and 10.0 ng/ml, was found to be 83.1 %. Chemical ionization mass spectrometry (direct exposure probe) and an enzyme immunoassay were used as confirmatory tests. Using this method, trace amounts of ochratoxin A were found in 4 of 36 randomly collected human milk samples.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European food research and technology 201 (1995), S. 293-297 
    ISSN: 1438-2385
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Tissue culture cells' metabolism and viability are measured by the mitochondrial reduction rate of a yellow tetrazolium salt (MTT) to blue formazan crystalls in the MTT-bioassay. Thus the MTT-bioassay is a standardizable and reproducible bioassay for measuring cytotoxicity or cytostimulation. It is shown that the MTT-bioassay is also very suitable for determining bacterial cytotoxins using Escherichia coli's Shiga-like toxins as example. 177 strains ofE.coli, isolated from carcasses and organs of cattle, are classified biochemically and tested for cytotoxin production by means of the MTT-bioassay. One of these strains is recognized as producer of Shiga-like toxin 2. 4 Enterohemolysin-producing strains ofE.coli are cultivated from a feces sample of a diarrhoeic nubian ibex and identified as Shiga-like toxin 1 producers by help of the MTT-bioassay.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-1173
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Epidermolysis bullosa hereditaria ; Typ-VII-Kollagen ; Pränatale Diagnostik ; Polymorphismus ; Key words Hereditary epidermolysis bullosa ; Type VII collagen ; Prenatal diagnosis ; Polymorphism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary DNA-based prenatal testing of the fetal genotype was performed in a family at risk for recurrence of recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB). DNA from cultured fibroblasts and leukocytes from the peripheral blood of the previously affected offspring, DNA from parental leukocytes and DNA from fetal tissue obtained by chorionic villus biopsy was analysed by direct PCR amplification of known polymorphic regions within or flanking the type VII collagen gene, the canditate gene in RDEB. One flanking marker (D3S2/MspI) as well as two intragenic polymorphisms (C7/MspI, C7/Eco0109I) in exons 30 and 84 were informative in this family. Thus, based on the haplotype analysis and the lack of evidence for locus heterogeneity in RDEB, a phenotypically healthy child was predicted. This prediction was confirmed by the birth of a healthy female infant. The study reports successful determination of the fetal genotype by PCR-based prenatal diagnosis in a family at risk for recurrence of severe RDEB.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Bei einem Elternpaar, dessen erstes Kind an einer rezessiv-vererbten dystrophen Epidermolysis bullosa („recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa”, RDEB) erkrankt ist, stellte sich bei einer neuerlichen Schwangerschaft die Frage nach dem Genotyp des Fötus. DNA aus kultivierten Fibroblasten und Leukozyten des peripheren Blutes des erkrankten Kindes, DNA aus Leukozyten seiner Eltern und durch eine Chorionzotten-Biopsie gewonnenes Gewebe des Fötus wurde mittels Polymerase-Ketten-Reaktion („polymerase chain reaction”, PCR) vervielfältigt. Dann wurden Marker von polymorphen Regionen im und um das Typ-VII-Kollagen-Gen, dem Kandidaten-Gen bei RDEB, getestet. Ein polymorpher Marker (D3S2/MspI) außerhalb und 2 Polymorphismen (C7/MspI, C7/Eco0109I) innerhalb des Gens in den Exonen 30 und 84 waren bei dieser Familie informativ. Sie zeigten, daß der Fötus nur das mütterliche Allel geerbt hatte. Das ließ bei bekanntem Fehlen einer Locusheterogenie bei der RDEB die Vorhersage eines phänotypisch gesunden Kindes zu. Die Annahme wurde durch die Geburt eines gesunden Mädchens bestätigt. Dieser Fall beschreibt die neue Möglichkeit der PCR-gestützten pränatalen Diagnostik bei Epidermolysis bullosa hereditaria.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Under the conditions of suspension polymerization vinyl chloride reacts readily in the presence of radicals with oxygen to form vinyl chloride peroxide. This decomposes to the following products: formaldehyde, hydrogen chloride and carbon monoxide. This sideproducts have to be considered, when vinyl chloride is polymerized in the presence of oxygen. Thus the formation of PVC containing carbonyl groups can be explained. Furthermore oxygen can initiate the suspension polymerization of vinyl chloride under certain conditions.
    Notes: Unter den Bedingungen einer Suspensionspolymerisation reagiert Vinylchlorid in Gegenwart von Radikalen leicht mit Sauerstoff. Als Reaktionsprodukt entsteht Vinylchloridperoxid, das sich zersetzt in Formaldehyd, Chlorwasserstoff und Kohlenmonoxid. Diese Nebenprodukte sind zu berücksichtigen, wenn Vinylchlorid in Gegenwart von Sauerstoff polymerisiert wird. Auf diesem Wege erklärt sich die Bildung von carbonylgruppenhaltigem PVC. Außerdem ist Sauerstoff in der Lage, unter bestimmten Bedingungen die Suspensionspolymerisation von Vinylchlorid zu initiieren.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Electrophoresis 5 (1984), S. 269-274 
    ISSN: 0173-0835
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The changes of the electrophoretic mobility (EM) of human monocytes during invitro maturation into macrophages were investigated. Incubation of isolated monocytes for longer than 4 days was always accompanied by an increase of the EM of the monocytes. This increase of the EM could only be inhibited when lymphocytes were incubated together with the monocytes. The inhibitory effect of the lymphocytes was optimal when the culture medium was supplemented by autologous plasma and when the cell suspension was kept in teflon beakers, but it was reduced when the culture medium was supplemented by fetal calf serum (FCS) and when the cell suspension was kept in polystyrene dishes. The macrophages, which showed increased EM after 10 days of incubation, had equal antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxic (ADCC) activity but lower plaque-forming activity than the macrophages which retained their original EM during incubation. The finding of macrophage sub-populations which differ in their EM provides a good opportunity to isolate and further investigate macrophages, which may have different biological activities.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Electrophoresis 6 (1985), S. 301-306 
    ISSN: 0173-0835
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Isolated human monocytes showed an increased electrophoretic mobility (EM) during incubation in vitro. However, when the monocytes were isolated after activation in a mixed leukocyte culture, they tended to maintain their original EM during culturing. Activated and non-activated monocytes were compared with respect to their activities during lymphocyte transformation. The lymphocytes which were used to test the activities of both kinds of monocytes had been depleted of all accessory cells by a two-step physical isolation procedure including coutercurrent centrifugal elutriation and cell electrophoresis. Non-activated monocytes supported concanavalin A (Con A) - induced transformation of the purified lymphocytes optimally when the culture medium was supplemented by fetal calf serum (FCS). If, however, activated monocytes were used in lymphocyte transformation tests, Con A induced optimal [14C]thymine-deoxyribose incorporation, even if FCS was replaced by autologous human plasma. The results suggest that there is a relationship between the stability of the EM of human monocytes and their ability to support lymphocyte proliferation during an in vivo immune response, when FCS is obviously not present.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Electrophoresis 9 (1988), S. 62-63 
    ISSN: 0173-0835
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The separation accuracy of the free flow electrophoresis ACE 710 device was proved by immunological methods. Several cell populations of human peripheral blood were purified using physical cell isolation methods such as countercurrent centrifugal elutriation and cell electrophoresis. The purified cell fractions were treated with fluoresceinisothiocyanate-labelled antibodies. The percentages of cells in each fraction binding the antibodies of interest were determined by flow cytometry. The analyses revealed that with the help of free flow electrophoresis, given cell population of human peripheral blood can be highly enriched and that preenrichment of minor cell populations enhances the efficacy of a flow cytometer.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Electrophoresis 5 (1984), S. 155-159 
    ISSN: 0173-0835
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Human mononuclear cells were split into platelets, monocytes and small lymphocytes by countercurrent centrifugal elutriation (CCE). Determination of the electrophoretic mobilities (EM) of each population revealed that total small lymphocytes, i. e. B, T and null cells, have an equal EM at 1.09 × 10-4 (cm2 V-1 s-1), whereas monocytes showed a symmetric distribution curve with a peak at 0.95 × 10-4 (cm2 V-1 s-1). Thus the cathodal shoulder of the EM distribution curve of total mononuclear cells is caused only by monocytes. Mononuclear cells were stimulated by concanavalin A. Growing and resting lymphocytes were isolated at different times by CCE and analysed by cell electrophoresis. In contrast to murine T cells, human Tlymphocytes did not change their EM within 3 days after mitogenic transformation.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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