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  • 1
    ISSN: 1365-3121
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Basic shallowing-upward cycles (shu-cycles) and five-bundled megacycles in the Latemar platform have been widely regarded as a model example for precessional and eccentricity forcing in the Mesozoic. Based on bio-/chronostratigraphic data, recent studies questioned this particular type of Milankovitch forcing on the Latemar cyclic series. We present an integrated model that incorporates (i) new cyclostratigraphic data, (ii) new and existing bio-/chronostratigraphic data and (iii) new spectral analyses. The basic shu-cycles in the Latemar reflect sub-Milankovitch control. Cycle bundles of 1 : 4–5 (megacycles : shu-cycles) indicate precessional forcing. They do not reflect eccentricity superimposed on precessional forcing. Spectral analyses reveal highly significant ratios in the large-scale cycle bundlings. Stacking patterns of 1 : 9.9 and 1 : 24.0 shu-cycles represent obliquity and short eccentricity forcing. Both sub-Milankovitch and Milankovitch forcing potentially controlled shallow subtidal carbonate deposition in Mesozoic greenhouse times. Cyclostratigraphic models require an integrated approach including bio- and chronostratigraphic data.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1365-3091
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: The 720-m-thick succession of the Middle Triassic Latemàr Massif (Dolomites, Italy) was used to reconstruct the lagoonal facies architecture of a small atoll-like carbonate platform. Facies analysis of the lagoonal sediments yields a bathymetric interpretation of the lateral facies variations, which reflect a syndepositional palaeorelief. Based on tracing of lagoonal flooding surfaces, the metre-scale shallowing-upward cycles are interpreted to be of allocyclic origin. Short-term sea-level changes led to subaerial exposure of wide parts of the marginal zone, resulting in the development of a tepee belt of varying width. Occasional emergence of the entire lagoon produced lagoon-wide decimetre-thick red exposure horizons. The supratidal tepee belt in the backreef area represented the zone of maximum elevation, which circumscribed the sub- to peritidal lagoonal interior during most of the platform’s development. This tepee rim, the subtidal reef and a sub- to peritidal transition zone in between stabilized the platform margin. The asymmetric width of facies belts within individual metre-scale cycles was caused by redistribution processes that reflect palaeowinds and storm paths from the present-day south and west. The overall succession shows stratigraphic changes on a scale of tens of metres from a basal subtidal unit, overlain by three tepee-rich intervals, separated by tepee-poor units composed of subtidal to peritidal facies. This stacking pattern reflects two third-order sequences during the late Anisian to early middle Ladinian.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1365-3121
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Sedimentary cycles recorded in young sediments are often attributed to fluctuations of the Earth's climate on a 104−106-year scale which in turn is governed by periodic variations in solar insolation linked to orbital (Milankovitch) parameters. A spectacular example of cyclic stratal patterns in ancient deposits is the Middle Triassic Latemar carbonate platform (W Dolomites, N Italy). Based on spectral analyses from previous studies, a superimposition of precession (∼20 ka) and eccentricity (∼100 ka) controlled sea-level fluctuations has been suggested to account for the stacking hierarchy at Latemar, with ∼20 ka being assigned to each highest-order depositional cycle. Zircon U–Pb isotopic ages from volcanic-ash layers within the cyclic succession, corroborated by biostratigraphic constraints, suggest that the average time interval for every individual cycle is significantly smaller than the shortest Milankovitch period and therefore challenge previously published interpretations relating distinct spectral peaks to the above mentioned hierarchy. However, our new spectral data indicate that cyclicities resembling Milankovitch characteristics might exist, but on an entirely different scale. Our findings show that frequency spectra should only be interpreted in combination with robust age control. They also encourage the search for complementary mechanisms controlling carbonate deposition.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of earth sciences 65 (1976), S. 616-648 
    ISSN: 1437-3262
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract Tectonic activity during the middle Triassic in the northern Mediterranean region led to the differentiation of a broad shelf area. This shelf had been consolidated after the Variscan orogeny and gradually became now incorporated in the newly forming Tethys ocean. Starting with the middle Anisian, this oceanic influence may be observed in the Drau belt, where two analogous sedimentary sequences, following one another, are developed. The history of each of these sequences begins with the disruption of rigid platforms and the formation of basins. The conditions for renewed filling of the basin areas were brought to pass: on the one hand by the marginal position of the Drau belt, near an hinterland supplying clastic material, and on the other hand by the association with carbonate platforms within the depositional area. Analogous developments in the Northern Calcareous Alps and in the Southern Alps emphasize the great regional scale of the tectonic processes envolved. A comparison of the Drau range with depositional areas on the margins of inactive plates — areas of geosynclinal sedimentation — shows very similar initial geosynclinal stages. In the Drau range the development of extensive graben systems can be observed first. Later on the “Red sea graben” type of stage with corresponding volcanism can be found, and later on the development of an “cearly Bahama” type of stage. The orthogeosynclinal stage was introduced later on, in the Jurassic, with a renewed marine transgression as a result of tectonic activity on a still greater scale.
    Abstract: Résumé L'activité tectonique dans le domaine méditérranéen septentrional, au Trias moyen, entraîna un morcellement de l'immense Plateau Continental qui existait auparavant. La consolidation de ce plateau avait eu lieu après les plissements hercyniens; il se vit ensuite impliqué dans la nouvelle formation de l'Océan Tethys. C'est à partir de l'Anisien moyen que cet océan exerce une influence sur la sédimentation dans le Drauzug. On y observa, au Trias moyen, deux déroulements de sédimentation analogues. Chacun d'entre eux commence par la cassure de plaques rigides pendant l'édification des bassins. La position du Drauzug en bordure par rapport à un arrière-pays fournissant des détritiques d'une part, et par rapport à l'apparition de plates-formes carbonatées dans la zone de sédimentation d'autre part, permettent chaque fois un remblaiement dans les domaines en bassins. Des développements semblables dans les Alpes Calcaires Septentrionales et dans les Alpes Méridionales soulignent la grande étendue de ces processus tectogénétiques. Une comparaison avec des séries sédimentaires en bordure de plaques inactives, en des endroits où la sédimentation géosynclinale est récente, montre des phases initiales de développement géosynclinal tout à fait identiques. Ce développement se manifeste dans le Drauzug tout d'abord sous la forme de systèmes de fosses d'effondrement qui s'en écartent et qui, par la suite, passent par l'intermédiairé d'une phase du type «Fosse Mer Rouge «avec volcanisme correspondant, mènent au type «Bahama précoce». C'est seulement au Jurassique, avec l'intervention de l'activité tectonique sur des aires beaucoup plus grandes et, avec, par là, une avance renouvelée de l'océan, que s'est produit la phase orthogéosynclinale.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Tektonische Aktivität in der Mitteltrias des nordmediterranen Raumes führte zu einer Gliederung des zuvor bestehenden weiträumigen Schelfbereiches. Dieser hatte sich nach der variszischen Gebirgsbildung konsolidiert und wird nun in den sich neu formenden Tethys-Ozean miteinbezogen. Ab dem Mittelanis beeinflußt dieser Ozean auch die Sedimentation im Drauzug. Hier wurden in der Mitteltrias zwei analoge Sedimentationsabläufe beobachtet. Jede dieser Abfolgen beginnt mit dem Zerbrechen starrer Plattformen unter Herausgestaltung von Becken. Die Randposition des Drauzuges zu einem schuttliefernden Hinterland einerseits und das Auftreten von Karbonatplattformen im Ablagerungsbereich andererseits ermöglichen jeweils eine Wiederauffüllung der Beckenbereiche. Analoge Entwicklungen in den Nördlichen Kalkalpen und Südalpen unterstreichen die Großräumigkeit dieser tektogenetischen Prozesse. Ein Vergleich mit Sedimentabfolgen auf inaktiven Plattenrändern, Orten rezenter geosynklinaler Sedimentation, zeigt ganz ähnliche Anfangsstadien geosynklinaler Entwicklung. Diese äußern sich im Drauzug zunächst in Form auslaufender Grabenbruchsysteme, die in weiterer Folge über das Stadium eines „Rot-Meer-Grabens“ mit entsprechendem Vulkanismus, zu einem „Früh-Bahama“-Typus hinführen. Erst im Jura wird mit dem Übergreifen tektonischer Aktivität auf wesentlich größere Areale und einem damit verbundenen erneuten Vorgreifen des Ozeans das Orthogeosynklinalstadium eingeleitet.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of earth sciences 78 (1989), S. 679-683 
    ISSN: 1437-3262
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of earth sciences 77 (1988), S. 389-416 
    ISSN: 1437-3262
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract Strong effects of tensional tectonics dominate the Lower and Middle Cambrian sequence of Southwestern Sardinia. A thinning of the continental crust and the possible development of a passive margin in the Cambrian is indicated by different stages of evolution of a mainly carbonatic platform: (a) Clastic-carbonatic homoclinal ramp with algal-archaeocyathan mounds (Epiphyton/Renalcis) in the west, clastic shallow marine to tidal sequences in the east. (b) Carbonatic-clastic ramp or rimmed shelf with an ooid shoal complex, prograding towards the west. The back-shoal area contains peloidal mudstones, algal-archaeocyathan biostromes (Girvanella) and increasingly tidal deposits (clastic and carbonatic) towards the east. (c) Isolated platform, aggraded to sea level, rimmed by slope deposits with slumps and breccia-beds in the southeast and northwest. (d) Isolated, flooded platform; barriers towards the open sea partly broke down. (e) Isolated platform with raised rims and deep interior, often with thick breccia-beds in uppermost parts. (f) Break-down of the platform (late Early Cambrian), marked by nodular limestones and limestoneshale intercalations. (g) Terrigenous clastics cover the former platform.
    Abstract: Résumé La série stratigraphique du Cambrien inférieur et moyen du sud-ouest de la Sardaigne a été fortement influencée par une tectonique de distension, qui implique un amincissement de la croûte continentale, sans doute lié au développement d'une marge passive au cours du Cambrien. Les arguments à l'appui de ce modèle sont fournis par les stades d'évolution successifs d'une plateforme, essentiellement carbonatée: (a) une rampe homoclinale, détritique-carbonatée, comportant à l'ouest des mounds à algues et archéocyathes (Epiphyton/Renalcis) et à l'est un milieu marin peu profond sous influence tidale; (b) une rampe carbonatéedétritique ou plateforme de haut-fond à ooÏdes qui s'est avancée vers l'ouest. La zone est d'arrière-barre comporte des mudstones à péloÏdes, des biostromes à algues (Girvanella) et archéocyathes et des sédiments carbonatés-détritiques de milieu intertidal; (c) une plateforme carbonatée isolée qui s'est développée jusqu'au niveau de la mer, bordée au sud-est et nord-ouest par des bassins à slumping et brèches; (d) une plateforme carbonatée isolée, inondée, dont les barrières vers la pleine mer se sont en partie détruites; (e) une plateforme carbonatée isolée dont les bords sont élevés et l'intérieur déprimé, recouverte par de nombreux corps bréchiques; (f) destruction de la plateforme carbonatée (partie supérieur de la Cambrien inférieur), indiquée par des calcaires à nodules et des calcschistes; (g) siliciclastes recouvrant la plateforme.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Starke Auswirkungen von Dehnungstektonik prägen die unter- und mittelkambrische Abfolge Südwest-Sardiniens. Diese belegen eine Ausdünnung der kontinentalen Kruste, die mit der Entwicklung eines passiven Kontinentalrandes während des Kambriums verbunden sein könnte. Hierfür sprechen die beobachteten verschiedenen Entwicklungsstadien einer Plattform: (a) Siliciklastisch-karbonatische, homoklinale Rampe mit Algen-Archaeocyathen-Mounds (Epiphyton/Renalcis) im Westen, flachmarinen bis gezeitenbeeinflu\ten Bereichen im Osten. (b) Karbonatisch-siliciklastische Rampe oder Schelf mit einem randlichen Ooid-Untiefen-Komplex, der sich gegen Westen vorschob; im geschützten östlichen Bereich treten Peloid-Mudstones, Algen-Archaeocyathen Biostrome (Girvanella) und klastisch-karbonatische Gezeitenbildungen auf. (c) Isolierte Karbonatplattform, die sich bis zum Meeresspiegel hochbaute, im Südosten und Nordwesten des Gebietes von Bekkenbereichen mit Slumping und Breccienbildungen begrenzt. (d) Isolierte, überflutete Karbonatplattform; Barrieren zum offenen Meer brachen teilweise zusammen. (e) Isolierte Karbonatplattform mit erhöhten Rändern und tieferem Inneren; zahlreiche Breccienkörper treten in höchsten Teilen dieser Abfolge auf. (f) Zusammenbruch der Karbonatplattform (höchstes Unterkambrium), angezeigt durch Knollenkalke und Kalkschiefer. (g) Siliciklastika überlagern die Plattform.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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