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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructure of pittosporum tobira Ait. Callus
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Cell Biology International Reports 14 (1990), S. 255 
    Details
    ISSN: 0309-1651
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0309-1651(90)91119-O
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nuclear fragmentation in dedifferentiating cells of Nicotiana glauca pith tissue grown in vitro
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Cell Differentiation 2 (1973), S. 77-85 
    Details
    ISSN: 0045-6039
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0045-6039(73)90023-7
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cytokinins and in vitro development of Phaseolus coccineus embryos (1979)
    Springer
    Planta 147 (1979), S. 27-29 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Cytokinins ; Embryo ; In vitro development ; Phaseolus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Phaseolus coccineus embryos at the heartshaped and the middle cotyledonary stages were cultured in vitro on media added with different concentrations of zeatin (Z) or zeatin riboside (Zr). Growth of early embryos was clearly favored by concentrations of Z from 10-8 M to 10-5 M, lower concentrations having no effect. Zr also promoted in vitro growth of early embryos, but in concentrations from 10-12 M to 10-10 M, higher concentrations being inhibitory. More developed embryos were scarcely sensitive to the presence in the culture medium of either Z or Zr at any concentration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00384586
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Suspensor, gibberellin and in vitro development of Phaseolus coccineus embryos (1976)
    Springer
    Planta 131 (1976), S. 115-117 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Embryos of Phaseolus coccineus in different stages of development (from 0.5 to 5 mm in length) were grown in vitro. Both intact embryos (with suspensor) and embryos deprived of suspensor were studied. It was found that removal of the suspensor has no effect on the development of embryos which have reached a length of 5 mm. With younger embryos, removal of the suspensor reduces embryo development, the negative effect being the greater the younger the embryo. It was shown that gibberellic acid (GA3) concentrations of 10-8 to 10-6M can replace the suspensor in heart-shaped and early cotyledonary embryos (0.5 to 1.5 mm in length), whereas they reduce the development of suspensor-deprived embryos of later stages (embryos 2 to 3 mm in length) as compared with intact embryos of similar size grown on hormone-free medium. GA3 concentrations of 10-5 and 10-4M are generally inhibitory and may stimulate callus formation in some embryos. The present data and those of Alpi et al. (1975) concur in ascribing a major role to gibberellins in characterizing the physiological function of the suspensor in early embryogenesis in Phaseolus coccineus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00389979
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of gibberellin A1 in the embryo suspensor of Phaseolus coccineus (1979)
    Springer
    Planta 147 (1979), S. 225-228 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Embryo suspensor ; Gibberellin ; Phaseolus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract By combined gas chromatography-mass spectrometry the gibberellin present in suspensors of heart-shaped embryos of Phaseolus coccineus has been identified as Gibberellin A1 (GA1). The amount of GA1 in 2000 suspensors (452 mg), as estimated by gas chromatography. was 4μg. The presence of GA1 in suspensors of P. coccineus is discussed in relation to our present knowledge of the occurrence of many gibberellins in developing seeds and immature fruits of the same species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00388742
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nuclear conditions in haploid Pelargonium in vivo and in vitro (1968)
    Springer
    Chromosoma 24 (1968), S. 194-201 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In the shoot apices of the haploid Pelargonium cultivar „Kleine Liebling“, all mitoses are haploid (n = 9); however, ca. 20% of the interphase nuclei have DNA contents greater than 2C (up to 4C), indicating a tendency to chromosome endoreduplication in this material. — In internodes in vivo, the few mitoses present are haploid (quite probably, cambium cells); in addition to haploid interphases (1C to 2C DNA contents), endoreduplicated (endopolyploid) nuclei and nuclei in the course of endoreduplication occur with a frequency of ca. 40–50% (DNA contents up to 8C). — When internodes are cultured in vitro, differentiated cells are stimulated to divide, thus forming a population of diploid and tetraploid mitoses in addition to the preexistent meristem (haploid) cell population. In the process of time, diploid and tetraploid mitoses continue to be present in the callus, whilst haploid mitoses may decrease in number and eventually disappear. All mitoses analyzed had euploid chromosome numbers (9, 18 and 36) and their DNA contents were correspondingly 2C, 4C and 8C. Since no extensive chromosome counts were made, aneuploidy in the cultured material cannot be excluded; but, if occurring, it should be rather rare. — Under the experimental conditions used, prolonged culture in vitro leads to the production of nuclei with DNA contents (16C and 32C) greater than those occurring in vivo (8C), due to one and two additional DNA replications respectively beyond the limits attained in vivo. Even in these cultures, however, a population of the meristematic haploid cell line (DNA values 1C to 2C) is still present. — The present results are discussed in their relations with previous works on nuclear conditions in vivo and in vitro and on regeneration processes in cultured tissues in plants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00285202
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Embryo-suspensor relations in Phaseolus coccineus: cytokinins during seed development (1978)
    Springer
    Planta 143 (1978), S. 59-62 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Cytokinins ; Embryo ; Phaseolus ; Seed development ; Suspensor
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Data are presented on the cytokinin status of seeds and seed components, at different stages of development in Phaseolus coccineus L., as determined with the soybean callus growth bioassay: A change in cytokinin types according to developmental stage occurred: from biologically very active less polar types (zeatin=Z) at early stages to more polar types (zeatin glucoside=Z9G and zeatin riboside=Zr), with relatively low biological activity, at intermediate and late stages of seed development: When cytokinins were analyzed separately in embryos (embryo proper) and suspensors at two embryonic stages: heart-shaped (A) and middle cotyledonary embryos (stage B) respectively, it was found that: i) at stage A, the suspensor showed cytokinin activity at the level of Z, 2iPA (2-isopentenyladenosine) and Zr, whereas more polar cytokinins (Z9G, Zr) were present in the embryo; ii) at stage B, when the embryo seems to become autonomous for cytokinin supply, there was a relative abundance of active cytokinins (Z, 2iPA) in the embryo to which Z9G activity in the suspensor corresponded. It is concluded that the suspensor plays an essential role in embryogenesis by acting as a hormone source to the early embryo.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00389052
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of Artemisia absinthium L. (wormwood) and production of secondary metabolites (1997)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 16 (1997), S. 725-730 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Keywords: Key words Wormwood ; Hairy roots ; Genetic transformation ; Essential oil ; Secondary metabolites
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Hairy roots were obtained after infection of Artemisia absinthium shoots with Agrobacterium rhizogenes strains 1855 and LBA 9402. The susceptibility to hairy root transformation varied between plant genotypes and bacterial strains. Hairy roots showed macroscopic differences from control root cultures. Southern blot hybridization confirmed the integration of T-DNA from both p1855 and pBin19, while polymerase chain reaction analysis indicated the presence of the neomycin phosphotransferase gene in the hairy root genome. Subcultured transformed root lines grew well in selective B5 agar-solidified medium containing kanamycin or rifampicin and without hormones. Shake-flask experiments with fast-growing root lines showed that 40 g l–1 was the best sucrose concentration for biomass production, yielding a 463-fold increase in dry weight after 28 days of culture. Great differences were found in the profiles of the essential oils isolated from normal and hairy roots. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis showed the oil produced by transformed cultures to be a mixture of 50 compounds with only one major component representing 37% of the oil content.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002990050310
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Expression of hormone-autotrophy in tissues of plantlets regenerated from habituated callus of Nicotiana bigelovii (1983)
    Springer
    Plant cell, tissue and organ culture 2 (1983), S. 355-358 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5044
    Keywords: Nicotiana bigelovii ; habituation ; callus ; regeneration ; auxin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Experiments presented in the literature show that habituation, a phenomenon characterized by a newly acquired capacity of in vitro cultured plant cells to produce growth regulatory substances, occurs at high rates, leaves the heritably altered cells totipotent and is regularly reversible. Many evidences show that habituation has an epigenetic basis. We report here that habituation in Nicotiana bigelovii var. quadrivalvis tissue cultures is a persistent character not reversed by plant regeneration under the conditions tested.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00039883
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis in Foeniculum vulgare: histological observations of developing embryogenic callus (2000)
    Springer
    Plant cell, tissue and organ culture 61 (2000), S. 69-79 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5044
    Keywords: callus histology ; fennel ; growth regulators ; in vitro morphogenesis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Different NAA plus kinetin or BA combinations were tested on Francia Pernod fennel seedlings for callus induction and plant regeneration. Callogenesis from hypocotyls was obtained in all auxin/cytokinin-containing media. The organogenic response was observed especially in presence of NAA plus kinetin. The highest frequency of shoot regeneration was found when the auxin and kinetin were used at a 1:1 ratio. Moreover, a prolonged culture period increased shoot formation. Somatic embryogenesis was tested on several fennel populations. The results gave evidence of the genotypic importance. Two different protocols were used for somatic embryo induction. Using the first protocol among the different fennel genotypes tested, only Francia Pernod showed embryogenic capacity. In this case, from a primary non-embryogenic callus cultured for 12 months in presence of 2,4-D, an embryogenic secondary callus was produced. When transferred to the medium without 2,4-D (agarized or liquid), this gave embryogenic plants in high frequency. As far as the second embryogenic method is concerned, secondary embryogenic callus developed only in the presence of 2,4-D plus kinetin in Francia Pernod genotype. Thereafter, the replacement of those growth regulators by GA3 into the medium greatly increased the somatic embryo development, especially in `Francia Pernod', but also in `Aboca erbe' callus, a population with a very poor embryogenic capacity. In Francia Pernod, the primary and secondary (embryogenic) calli showed different morphological and histological responses, either when the secondary callus was induced by 2,4-D alone or by 2,4-D plus kinetin. Ontogenetic processes leading to somatic embryo formation are described in this context.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006454702620
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