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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Basal serum IgE levels and HLA antigen frequencies in allergic subjects (1977)
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 5 (1977), S. 217-233 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We have studied the genetics of human immune response utilizing IgE-mediated allergic response as a model system. Tests performed on unrelated allergic Caucasian subjects revealed a weak association between responsiveness to ragweed pollen allergen Ra3 and HLA-A2 (p=0.04). Most importantly, we observed a relationship between the frequency of HLA-A2 and total serum IgE level in people allergic to Ra3. This frequency was significantly higher in atypical Ra3-sensitive people with low IgE levels of 16–127 U/ml (where over 90 percent possessed A2) than in those with more typical high IgE levels. We postulate that a “majorIr-Ra3+” allele of anIr-Ra3 locus is associated with HLA-A2. Given the natural limiting conditions of exposure to Ra3, we suggest that only thisIr-Ra3+ allele will permit IgE antibody synthesis against Ra3 in allergic subjects with limiting low IgE levels. However, the expression of “minorIr-Ra3+” alleles (of the same or differentIr loci) not associated with A2 may be apparent in Ra3 responders having high IgE levels.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01570478
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Basal serum IgE levels and HLA antigen frequencies in allergic subjects (1977)
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 5 (1977), S. 235-251 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In allergic Caucasian subjects, IgE-mediated responsiveness to the rye grass Group I (Rye I) antigen is significantly associated with possession of HLA-B8 (p = 0.001). Analysis of this association relative to basal total serum IgE level showed a marked relationship in Rye I-negative subjects, where the frequency of B8 was much higher at high than at low IgE levels. In Rye I-positive subjects, there was evidence for the converse situation. In the case of people sensitive to ragweed antigen E, we found no association with any HLA specificity, even in patients with low IgE levels. TheHLA-associated specific IgE responses to rye grass Group I, and those we have previously reported for ragweed Ra3 and Ra5, lead us to speculate about the possible locations within theHLA complex of putativeIr loci controlling recognition of these allergens. Further, we postulate the existence of twoI regions.I-1, which contains “Ir-Rye I” and“Ir-Ra5”, andI-2, which contains “Ir-Ra3”. Alternative explanations of our findings are also discussed in detail.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01570479
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Null alleles of the fourth component of complement and HLA haplotypes in familial systemic lupus erythematosus (1985)
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 21 (1985), S. 299-311 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Eight families (121 individuals) with two or more members affected with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) were analyzed for histocompatibility antigens (HLA-A, B, C, DR, MT, and MB) and complement antigens (C4A, C4B, and BF). These data were correlated with serological markers (antinuclear antibodies, single- and double-stranded anti-DNA, anti-SM, anti-nRNP, anti-Ro [SS-A], anti-La [SS-B], and biological false-positive tests for syphilis and clinical features. Fifteen members had SLE, and 19 had other immune diseases (subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus, discoid lupus erythematosus, hypothyroidism, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, primary, Sjogren's syndrome, immune thrombocytopenic purpura, rheumatoid arthritis, and multiple sclerosis). Twenty-three healthy relatives (seroreactors) had significant titers of circulating antibodies, as did 2 of 17 spouses. There was an increased frequency of null C4 alleles in those individuals with SLE (60%) and healthy relatives (50%) as compared with spouses (24%). Multivariate analysis showed a significant association between SLE and female sex (P=.006), whereas there was no significant association revealed between female sex and other immune diseases. Patients with SLE also had a higher frequency of either C4A or C4B null alleles (P=.01) than those with immune diseases. The C4A homozygous null phenotype was more common in SLE patients than in seroreactors (P=.02). There was a higher frequency of HLA-DR2 and DR3 in individuals with SLE than in those with immune disease (P=.08), seroreactors (P=.02) and normal relatives (P =.002). One totally C4-deficient patient with SLE was identified. These families demonstrate an important association between SLE and the C4 null allele and the HLA-DR2 and DR3. These risk factors, however, cannot account for the development of disease in all individuals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00430796
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immune responsiveness to Ambrosia artemishfolia (short ragweed) pollen allergen Amb a VI (Ra6) is associated with HLA-DR5 in allergic humans (1987)
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 26 (1987), S. 230-236 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The relationship between HLA type and specific immune responsiveness toward ultrapure Ambrosia artemisiifolia (short ragweed) pollen allergen Amb a VI (Ra6) was explored in a genetic-epidemiologic study of groups of 116 and 81 Caucasoid subjects who were skin-test \ positive (ST−) toward common environmental allergens. Specific immune responsiveness to Amb a VI was assessed by measuring serum IgE and IgG antibodies (Abs) by double Ab radioimmunoassay in both ST− groups. Significant associations were found between IgE Ab responsiveness to Amb a VI and the possession of HLA-DR5; P values for the two groups were, respectively, 7 × 10−7 and 1 × 10−3 by nonparametric analyses, and 4 × 10−11 and 5 × 10−8 by parametric analyses. The levels of significance for the associations between HLA-DR5 and IgG Ab responsiveness were highly dependent on the extent of ragweed immunotherapy (Rx) within the patient group; by parametric statistics, the associations were 10−11 for the group that had received relatively little Rx and 2 × 10−3 for the group that had received more intensive Rx. These results provide further striking evidence for the existence of specific HLA-linked human Ir genes involved in responsiveness toward inhaled allergens and illustrate the usefulness of the allergy model in studies of the genetic basis of human immune responsiveness. Extension of these studies to investigation of structure-function relationships involved in antigen recognition by Ia molecules and the T-cell receptor will lead to a better understanding of human susceptibility toward immunologic diseases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00346517
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Family studies of association between HLA and specific immune responses to highly purified pollen allergens (1976)
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 3 (1976), S. 349-368 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In 76 members of 13 large families, we investigated whether association exists between specific familialHLA haplotypes and immune responsiveness to four different highly purified pollen antigens (ragweed antigens E, Ra3, and Ra5 and rye grass Group I). Specific immune response was studied quantitatively by measurement of IgE-mediated skin sensitivity, serum IgG antibody, and antigen-induced lymphocyte proliferationin vitro. We found no evidence for association between specificHLA haplotype and specific response measured by any one or more of our indices of immune function. In several families we found evidence of specific response in one generation but not in another. We found a number of instances of individuals exhibiting lymphocyte responsiveness to an antigen, but no detectable specific IgE or IgG antibody. Surprisingly, we also found a few cases of individuals with marked IgE and/or IgG responses to a given antigen who showed no measurable lymphocyte responsiveness to that antigen, despite lymphocyte responsiveness to other nonimmunologically crossreacting antigens. In several cases, we also observed lymphocyte stimulation and serum IgG antibody, but no detectable IgE response. Our results conflict with previous investigators' reports of “linkage” betweenHLA haplotype and specific IgE-mediated skin sensitivity in families.HLA- linked immune response (Ir) loci may exist in humans, but genetic complexity and the limits of current technology preclude our ability to demonstrate their existence.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01576967
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Increased HLA A1 and diminished HLA A3 in lymphocytic colitis compared to controls and patients with collagenous colitis (1992)
    Springer
    Digestive diseases and sciences 37 (1992), S. 496-499 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Keywords: lymphocytic colitis ; collagenous colitis ; inflammatory bowel disease ; HLA ; histocompatibility antigens
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Lymphocytic colitis is a newly described chronic diarrheal disorder. Although its etiology is unknown, the possibility has been raised that autoimmunity may play a role in both lymphocytic and collagenous colitis, a similar clinicopathologic illness. The frequencies of HLA class I and class II antigens were examined in 24 white patients with lymphocytic colitis and in 47 white patients with collagenous colitis. Frequencies in these two disorders were compared to control white populations and to each other. An increased frequency of HLA-A1 was noted in 16 of 24 lymphocytic colitis patients (66.6%) compared with 1089 of 3942 controls (27.6%) (P〈0.005; relative risk 5.2). Furthermore, HLA-A3 was found in decreased frequency in lymphocytic colitis patients: 0 of 24 (0%) compared with 1017 of 3942 controls (25.8%) (P〈0.05; relative risk 0.0). Collagenous colitis patients had no significant deviation from control frequencies of HLA antigens. In lymphocytic colitis, there was no significant increase in B8 or DR3 antigens, which are found in linkage disequilibrium with A1 and associated with many autoimmune diseases. Moreover, the frequency of autoimmune-associated class I HLA antigens was not increased in lymphocytic colitis. Statistically significant differences existed between lymphocytic and collagenous colitis in HLA-A1, A3, Bw6, and B7 antigen frequencies. The HLA patterns noted previously in other gastrointestinal disorders, including ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, were not apparent in lymphocytic or collagenous colitis. HLA typing provides further evidence that lymphocytic colitis is a distinct form of chronic intestinal inflammatory disease associated with HLA class I phenotypes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01307569
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lymphocytic (microscopic) colitis (1989)
    Springer
    Digestive diseases and sciences 34 (1989), S. 1730-1738 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Keywords: microscopic colitis ; lymphocytic colitis ; collagenous colitis ; autoimmune
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Lymphocytic colitis, formerly called microscopic colitis, is a clinicopathologic syndrome with chronic watery diarrhea and diffuse mucosal inflammatory changes with prominent intraepithelial lymphocytes. The 18 lymphocytic colitis patients studied presented with chronic watery diarrhea at a mean age of 53.8±17 years (±1 SD). Roentgenographic, endoscopic, and culture data were not diagnostic. In patients tested, there was a high prevalence of arthritis (82%) and autoantibodies (50%) but no increase in frequency of histocompatibility antigens associated with well-defined autoimmune disease (DR3, B8). Lymphocytic colitis patients were compared to 21 patients with collagenous colitis. Similarities included age, symptomatology, and nondiagnostic radiographic and endoscopic studies. However, the sex distribution was statistically different, with an equal male-to-female ratio in lymphocytic colitis and female predominance (80%) in collagenous colitis. Other differences included dissimilar histocompatibility phenotypes and collagen band on biopsies of collagenous but not lymphocytic colitis. These findings suggest that lymphocytic and collagenous colitis may be related yet distinct disorders.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01540051
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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