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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Application of scanning electron microscopy for studies of the lung parenchyma
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Ultrasructure Research 38 (1972), S. 473-481 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-5320
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-5320(72)90085-8
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isomorphous and anaplastic (polymorphous) oligodendroglioma (1980)
    Springer
    Neurosurgical review 3 (1980), S. 227-231 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-2320
    Keywords: Oligodendroglioma ; Astrocyte-like cells ; Langhans-like cells ; Oligodendrogliom ; Astrozyten ; Langhans-Zellen
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung 22 isomorphe, anaplastische und polymorphe Oligodendrogliome wurden auf das Vorkommen von astrozyten-ähnlichen Zellen und Riesenzellen lichtund elektronen-mikroskopisch untersucht. Multinukleare Riesenzellen, die den Langhans-Zellen ähnlich sind, waren für den polymorphen Typ des Oligodendroglioms charakteristisch; es bestehen Hinweise auf eine virale Ursache bei der Entstehung dieser Zellen. Astrozyten-ähnliche Zellen waren in dem vorliegenden Material neoplastisch. Das Vorkommen dieser Zellen wird als ein Beweis für die multipotentielle Differenzierung der Tumorzellen gewertet.
    Notes: Summary The problem of the astrocyte-like cells and giant cells in oligodendrogliomas is discussed, basing on morphological data of 22 tumours diagnosed as isomorphous, anaplastic and polymorphous type of oligodendroglioma. Multinucleated cells are characteristic features for polymorphous type of oligodendroglioma and the origin of multinucleated Langhans-like cells caused by a virus factor is proposed. Astrocyte-like cells found in our material were of the neoplastic nature and the presence of these cells can be used as a proof of multipotential differentiation of tumour cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01650027
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Alteration of p53 gene structure and function in laryngeal squamous cell cancer (1997)
    Springer
    European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology and head & neck 254 (1997), S. S133 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-4726
    Keywords: Laryngeal cancer ; p53 gene ; Cell DNA sequencing ; Mutation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The p53 gene is known as an anti-oncogene that manifests its function by controlling the cell cycle and is responsible for apoptosis of cells with unrepaired DNA. An accelerated p53 protein synthesis is the first response of a cell following DNA damage. However, mutations of the p53 gene can disturb protein synthesis or may be responsible for synthesis of a changed protein unable to control the cell cycle. Laryngeal tissue specimens from 120 patients were tested by immunohistopathological staining to detect mutated wild-type p53 protein. It was found that p53-positive specimens correlated with TNM staging and histopathological grading. Another indication of entering the cell cycle and undertaking an active proliferation by laryngeal cells was shown by detection of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and Ki67 nuclear antigen, which appeared in proliferating cells (late G1, S-G2 and M phase), but was absent in resting cells. Scoring of the staining for p53 protein, PCNA and Ki67 correlated with each other. DNA from 40 specimens was then isolated, amplified by polymerase chain reaction and analysed by single-strand conformation polymorphism and DNA sequencing for mutation in the p53 gene. Fifteen DNA samples were found to be positive, while mutations were detected in exons 5–8 in 13 samples. The majority of mutations were found in tissue specimens from T3 and T4 tumors. A possible explanation is almost half was attributable to genotoxic effects of tobacco smoking. Changes in the p53 gene and its products may also reflect early changes in laryngeal carcinogenesis and be of prognostic value.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02439744
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A comprehensive analysis of selected diagnostic methods with respect to their usefulness in evaluating the biology of neoplastic cells in patients with laryngeal cancer (1999)
    Springer
    European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology and head & neck 256 (1999), S. 306-311 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-4726
    Keywords: Key words Laryngeal cancer ; p53 ; Oncoprotein ; Ki67 ; Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) ; DNA ploidy ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The difficult and complicated mechanism of cancer development with little knowledge about the biology of existing cancers can lead to a permanent search for new examination techniques to improve the precision of life expectancy in patients and the selection of the most efficient methods of treatment. The aim of this study was to analyze certain prognostic factors, i.e., p53, Ki67, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), DNA ploidy and cell proliferating activity, as well as the degree of morphological differentiation and cell maturity evaluated on an ultrastructural level in patients with laryngeal cancers in connection with data obtained from follow-up examinations and the clinical course of the disease. Neoplastic tissue was taken from 120 patients with laryngeal cancers. All underwent surgical treatment, radiotherapy and combined treatment in the Department of Otolaryngology, Karol Marcinkowski University School of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland, and the Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Haukeland University, Bergen, Norway. Before beginning treatment all patients underwent histological verification of their neoplastic tissues. Histopathological examination proved that the majority of cases (95%) had a squamous cell carcinoma. The occurrence of changes within the lymph nodes of the neck (N) was significantly correlated with T, S, Ki67, metastases to lymph nodes, DNA ploidy, site and surgery performed. The degree of clinical progression (S) was intercorrelated with T, N, p53, Ki67, PCNA, DNA ploidy, site and laryngectomy. The occurrence of oncoprotein p53 in neoplastic cells was measured by the staining degree of their nuclei and was correlated with T, S, DNA ploidy, metastases to lymph nodes, PCNA and site. The degree of staining of neoplastic cells for the nuclear antigen Ki67 was correlated to T, N, G, S, DNA ploidy, metastases to lymph nodes and surgical treatment. The proliferative antigen PCNA in the examined population of patients was intercorrelated with T, p53, Ki67, metastases to lymph nodes and surgical treatment. The results obtained from DNA flow cytometry could be associated with N, G, p53, Ki67 and metastases to lymph nodes. On the basis of the results obtained, the techniques suggested for the morphological and biological evaluation of neoplastic cells in cancer of the larynx should include TNM classification + G + DNA + p53 + Ki67.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004050050252
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Retrospektive Analyse ausgewählter Tumormarker (p53, PCNA, Ki67; DNA-Ploidie) und der Ultrastruktur bei Kranken mit Larynxkarzinomen (1998)
    Springer
    HNO 46 (1998), S. 233-240 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0458
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Onkogene ; Tumormarker ; DNA-Ploidie ; Ultrastruktur ; Laryxkarzinom ; Key words Oncogenes ; Proliferative markers ; DNA-ploidy ; Laryngeal cancer
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary A comparison was made of the staining intensities of selected immunohistochemical proliferating antigens (p53, PCNA, Ki67), DNA flow-cytometry and ultrastructures of neoplastic cells from 120 cases of laryngeal cancers. Clinically very advanced tumors were in the majority (T3, 43%; T4, 18%). A 5-grade scale was adopted to evaluate the level of immunohistochemical staining of the carcinoma cell nuclei. Positive staining was obtained in 70% for p53, 57% for Ki67 and 80% for PCNA. Sixty-two percent of the cases were DNA-diploid and 38% DNA-aneuploid. The DNA-diploid carcinomas were accompanied by enlargement of the cell nuclei, preservation of wide margins of nuclear heterochromatin, enlargements of the nuclear areas and increases in the number of nuclei. In the aneuploid-polyploid cancers the nuclei had a substantial polymorphism, with large cleaved nuclei showing significant variations in size and having a nuclear envelope. A frequent finding was euchromatization of chromatin. Dense chromatin appeared in the form of small clumps spread over the whole area of these irregular nuclei. Enlargement and activation of nucleoli were found. There was a positive (chi-square) correlation between T- and N-stage and immunohistochemical staining. There was also a positive correlation in staining intensity between p53, Ki67 and PCNA markers and strong correlation between these markers for proliferative activity and the degree of aggressiveness of a tumor.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Dieser Beitrag setzt sich um Ziel, die Profilierungsaktivität der Kehlkopfkrebszellen in bezug auf klinische Befunde zu bestimmen. Im Mittelpunkt unserer Untersuchungen stand das Krebsgewebe von 120 Larynxkarzinompatienten, bei denen eine chirurgische Behandlung, Radiotherapie bzw. kombinierte Therapie vorgenommen wurde. Das klinische Fortschreiten der Krankheit stuften wir bei 39 Kranken als Grad III und bei 31 Fällen als Grad IV ein. Immunhistochemische Untersuchungen führten wir mit der „Avidin-biothin-Methode” durch, wobei Peroxydase als Enzym und Diaminobezidin als Chromogen angewandt wurden. Für die Bestimmung der immunohistochemischen Färbung der Krebszellen benutzten wir eine 5stufige Skala. Eine positive Färbung der Zellkerne des Laynxkrebses mit p53 wurde in 70%, mit Ki67 in 57% und mit PCNA in 80% der Fälle festgestellt. Wir fanden in 38% der Fälle aneuploidale und in 62% diploidale DNA. Mit den ultrastrukturellen Untersuchungen ermittelten wir den individuellen Charakter des Plasmas und der Kerne. Alle aneuploidalen Tumoren zeigten eine starke Färbung der Zellkerne der p53- und Ki67-Gene. Bei der PCNA wurden keine Reaktionen beobachtet. Dabei wurde eine statistisch hoch signifikante Korrelation (p〈0,001) zwischen der Aneuploidie und dem T und N nachgewiesen. Man kann behaupten, daß der angewandte Komplex von Untersuchungstechniken des Krebsgewebes zu einer präziseren Einschätzung seiner biologischen Aktivität beitragen kann.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001060050231
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