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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The low temperature response of slit-seals in low density polyethylene thin films (1991)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 31 (1991), S. 487-494 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The low temperature mechanical strength and the modes of failure of low density polyethylene (LDPE) films and hot air slit-seals have been assessed. Seven different LDPEs were blown into thin films (∼30μm) and slit-sealed on-line, both the extrusion and sealing being undertaken using commercial equipment. When pulled in tension transverse to the extrusion direction, both the films and the slit-seals exhibited a ductile response at the higher temperatures, while at lower temperatures brittle failures were seen. The ductile-to-brittle transition temperatures were reasonably well defined with the slit-seal embrittling at significantly higher temperatures. The low temperature mechanical performance of LDPE films containing slit-seals is thus controlled by the seal. However, by using seven different LDPE resins with a range of melt flow rates, it was seen, that the low temperature response was enhanced with the low melt flow rate resins. Informed materials selection can therefore enable manufacturers to produce LDPE products containing slit-seals with good low temperature strength.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760310704
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Crack initiation and propagation paths for brittle failures in aligned and misaligned pipe butt fusion joints (1989)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 29 (1989), S. 1396-1405 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Medium density polyethylene pipes of 63, 90, and 125mm outside diameter, together with 63mm high density polyethylene pipes, were butt fusion joined to give aligned and controlled misaligned joints. These fabricated systems were tested at elevated temperatures under constant and fluctuating internal pressure loading. For brittle failures at the butt fusion joint, a thorough examination has been made of the points of crack initiation and the crack propagation path in relation to weld microstructure, It has been observed that the butt fusion process induces the presence of a long sharp notch formed when the internal weld bead rolls towards the pipe. This notch initiates circumferential joint failures, particularly in misaligned butt joints. Points of disturbance on the inner weld bead appear capable of inducing axial cracks at the butt fusion joint but only for aligned joints. The microstructure at the butt fusion joint was seen to have little influence on the crack propagation path.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760291911
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The importance of axial misalignment on the long term strength of polyethylene pipe butt fusion joints (1989)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 29 (1989), S. 1406-1412 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The importance of axial misalignment at polyethylene pipe butt fusion joints has been assessed by undertaking elevated temperature lifetime tests. Both medium and high density polyethylene pipes were fusion joined to give aligned and controlled misaligned butt joints. These were tested under either a constant or fluctuating internal pressure loading using conditions that induced failure by slow, stable crck growth. It was observed that the lifetime of a butt joined system depends upon both the internal pressure or pressure range applied and the level of misalignment at the butt fusion joint. Increasing either the internal pressure (range) or the misalignment reduced system performance. These two variables of misalignment and internal pressure (range) may be incorporated into a single parameter, the amplified axial stress (or stress range) at the butt joint. This amplified or butt joint axial stress (or stress range) may be derived by considering the additional bending stresses introduced at the butt joint by virtue of misalignment combined with the axial stress loading.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760291912
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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