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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stimulation of calcium-regulated olfactory phospholipase C by amino acids (1993)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Biochemistry 32 (1993), S. 12358-12362 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-4995
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bi00097a012
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Effects of Temperature and Salinity on Early Life Stages of Black Sea Bass Centropristis striata (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of the World Aquaculture Society 35 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-7345
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Along the Atlantic coast black sea bass occur from the Gulf of Maine to Florida and support important commercial and recreational fisheries. Interest in commercial production of black sea bass has increased in recent years due to high demand and limited seasonable availability. Efforts towards large-scale production have been hampered by a high incidence of early larval mortality. Two of the most important environmental variables affecting hatchery production of marine finfish larvae are temperature and salinity. In the wild, larval black sea bass are found in waters with temperatures of 12–24 C and salinity levels of 30–35 ppt. Studies were conducted to define the temperature and salinity ranges that support growth and development of black sea bass during early life stages. Three developmental phases were investigated: 1) fertilization to hatch: 2) hatch through yolk sac absorption: and 3) during the initial exogenous feeding stage (5–14 days post hatch: DPH). Fertilized eggs were obtained by manual spawning of fish following administration of LHRHa. Fertilized eggs were transferred to 300-mL glass Petri dishes or 500-mL beakers to assess the effects of salinity and temperature through hatch and yolk sac absorption, respectively. To determine environmental effects on growth and survival during initial exogenous feeding 400 actively feeding larvae were cultured in green water and fed enriched rotifers for a 9-d period. For investigation of the effect of salinity, sea water (35 ppt) was diluted gradually to 15, 20, 25, and 30 ppt and maintained at 21 C. For examination of the effect of temperature, seawater was adjusted from 21 C to 12, 15, 21, 27, or 30 C at a rate of 3 C/h. No eggs hatched at 12 C or when salinity was maintained at 0 or 5 ppt. Hatching was uniformly high (≥ 85%) at temperatures between 15 and 27 C and at salinities ≥ 15 ppt. Survival through yolk sac absorption was greatest at temperatures between 18 and 27 C and at salinities ≥ 20 ppt. Survival through first feeding stage was highest at temperatures ≥ 18 C and 30 ppt salinity. Larval growth through first feeding was not significantly affected by salinity level but did increase with rearing temperature. The results indicate that survival and development of black sea bass during early life stages are most favorable at temperatures 〉18 C with salinity levels approaching full strength seawater.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-7345.2004.tb00097.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Investigations of Selected Parameters for Growth of Larval and Juvenile Black Sea Bass Centropristis striata L. (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of the World Aquaculture Society 31 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-7345
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract.— The black sea bass Centropristis striata L. endemic to the U. S. Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico coasts is a highly sought species that commands a high price in the marketplace. Investigations were undertaken to determine the basic requirements for culture of sea bass larvae and juveniles. Adult black sea bass were captured from the wild and were found to be robust and to adapt well to captivity. Larvae were obtained by strip spawning of these adults and survived and grew at higher rates in seawater supplemented with algae (greenwater) and maintained at 22 C, than in seawater with or without supplemental algae at 18 C. Larvae were provided a diet of rotifers through 12 d post hatch (DPH) and weaned over a 3-d period to enriched Anemia replenished daily to a density of 10 individuals/mL. By 18 DPH, larvae began ingesting a formulated diet for marine finfish and were completely weaned from live feed by 25 DPH, which coincided with the onset of metamorphosis. Juveniles tolerated a range of salinity from 10–32 ppt with the highest growth rate observed at 20 ppt. Culture of larvae and juveniles on a commercial scale was successful using conditions similar to those employed in the laboratory. The findings presented here suggest the potential for commercial culture of this species in the USA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-7345.2000.tb00892.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Production, Quality, and Low Temperature Incubation of Eggs of Atlantic Cod Gadus morhua and Haddock Melanogrammus aeglefinus in Captivity (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of the World Aquaculture Society 31 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-7345
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Atlantic cod Gadus morhua and haddock Melanogrammus aeglefinus broodstock maintained under altered regimens of temperature and photoperiod spawned up to 8 mo per year. The cod broodstock produced viable embryos from October through June. The haddock broodstock produced viable embryos from December through May. Egg diameters were largest during the middle of the spawning season when water temperature was at a minimum, resulting in an inverse relationship between egg diameter and water temperature in both species. Egg quality was high, as evaluated by buoyancy, fertilization rate, regularity of early cleavage, and percent viable hatch. Low temperature incubation of cod and haddock eggs extended the embryonic period. Cod embryos tolerated a wider range of temperatures than haddock. High mortality (1 90%) was observed before hatching in haddock embryos incubated at 1 C. Atlantic cod embryos hatched at temperatures as low as —1 C, extending the embryonic period to 59 d. At 8 C Atlantic cod and haddock embryos hatched in 11–12 d. To determine if extending the embryo incubation time by using low temperatures had a detrimental effect, embryos were incubated through hatch at either 1 C or 6 C, and the larvae from both groups reared at 6 C. Growth and early survival of larvae were comparable in both treatments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-7345.2000.tb00694.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Smoltification in steelhead trout (Salmo gairdneri): Developmental aspects of plasma constituents (1988)
    Springer
    Fish physiology and biochemistry 5 (1988), S. 39-47 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5168
    Keywords: Salmo gairdneri ; smoltification ; plasma proteins ; plasma Na+ ; plasma NH4 +
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Selected biochemical parameters were measured in the plasma of both underyearling anadromous steelhead trout (Salmo gairdneri) and underyearling residentS. gairdneri. The analyses were conducted in an effort to determine whether or not there might be changes which could be associated with the parr-smolt transformation of anadromous strains. Plasma NH+ 4 and plasma Na+ were assayed and plasma proteins were analyzed by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2D PAGE). Ammonia was the only plasma ion to show changes with time that were different between the two strains of fish. Proteins prepared by 2D PAGE exhibited developmental changes in both migratory and nonmigratory fish. Each strain exhibited changes with time and the anadromous fish displayed patterns of proteins that were not observed in the nonanadromous strain. It is possible that certain changes in the protein constituents found in anadromous fish are associated with the processes of smoltification. The data are consistent with the notion that this developmental event occurs over an extended period of time and is not restricted to the spring. The data suggest that there may be some changes that occur in certain plasma constituents of migratory fish beginning in the fall and continuing into the spring. The data also indicate that certain ontogenetic events that are not associated with smoltification can be ascertained by analyses of plasma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01874727
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Liver ultrastructure of juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) (1992)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 211 (1992), S. 41-54 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Light and transmission electron microscopy of the liver of juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) reveals a tubular arrangement of parenchymal cells, with biliary passages typically located at the center of tubules. Hepatocytes generally contain a single nucleus surrounded by a cuff of rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER), with many round to elongate mitochondria associated with the perinuclear RER. Whereas glycogen deposits are common and usually lie at the cell periphery, parenchymal cells seldom contain lipid droplets. Golgi complexes and heterogeneous dense bodies also occur in many hepatocytes, often in close proximity to bile canaliculi. Numerous microvilli from hepatocytes extend into the subendothelial space of Disse, which is also the location of stellate fat-storing cells. Interhepatocytic macrophages, sometimes containing prominent phagolysosomes and residual bodies, are common in the liver. The intrahepatic biliary system consists of intercellular canaliculi, bile pre-ductules, ductules, and ducts. In contrast to some other teleosts, the liver of the Atlantic salmon contains no intracellular bile canaliculi or Kupffer cells. The hepatic endothelium, arterioles, and perivenous regions are also described.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1052110106
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