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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Tertiary trisomics inPennisetum typhoides (1974)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 30 (1974), S. 623-624 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Zusammenfassung In den Pollenkörnern der F1-Generation von heterozygotemPennisetum typhoides (Hirse) wird tertiäre Trisomie nachgewiesen.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01921507
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationship as revealed by inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) polymorphism in the genus Oryza (2000)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 100 (2000), S. 1311-1320 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Schlagwort(e): Key words Genetic diversity ; ISSRs ; Oryza ; Phylogeny
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract  Inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) polymorphism was used to determine genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships in Oryza. Forty two genotypes including 17 wild species, representing AA,BB,CC,EE,FF,GG,BBCC,CCDD, and HHJJgenomes, two cultivated species, Oryza sativa (AA) and Oryza glaberrima (AA), and three related genera, Porteresia coarctata, Leersia and Rhynchoryza subulata, were used in ISSR analysis. A total of 30 ISSR primers were screened representing di-, tri-, tetra- and penta-nucleotide repeats, of which 11 polymorphic and informative patterns were selected to determine the genetic diversity. The consensus tree constructed using binary data from banding patterns generated by ISSR-PCR clustered 42 genotypes according to their respective genomes. ISSR analysis suggests that the genus Oryza may have evolved following a polyphyletic pathway; Oryza brachyantha (FF genome) is the most divergent species in Oryza and Oryza australiensis (EE genome) does not fall under the Officinalis complex. DNA profiles based on ISSR markers have revealed potential diagnostic fingerprints for various species and genomes, and also for individual accessions/cultivars. Additionally ISSR revealed 87 putative genome/species-specific molecular markers for eight of the nine genomes of Oryza. The ISSR markers are thus useful in the fingerprinting of cultivated and wild species germplasm, and in understanding the evolutionary relationships of Oryza.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051440
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Genes/QTLs affecting flood tolerance in rice (2000)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 101 (2000), S. 1074-1081 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Schlagwort(e): Key words Elongation ability ; Submergence tolerance ; Oryza sativa L. ; Epistasis ; Abiotic stress ; Molecular markers ; Differential gene expression
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract  The adaptation of deepwater rice to flooding is attributed to two mechanisms, submergence tolerance and plant elongation. Using a QTL mapping study with replicated phenotyping under two contrasting (water qualities) submergence treatments and AFLP markers, we were able to identify several genes/QTLs that control plant elongation and submergence tolerance in a recombinant inbred rice population. Our results indicate that segregation of rice plants in their responses to different flooding stress conditions is largely due to the differential expression of a few key elongation and submergence tolerance genes. The most important gene was QIne1 mapped near sd-1 on chromosome 1. The Jalmagna (the deepwater parent) allele at this locus had a very large effect on internal elongation and contributed significantly to submergence tolerance under flooding. The second locus was a major gene, sub1(t), mapped to chromosome 9, which contributed to submergence tolerance only. The third one was a QTL, QIne4, mapped to chromosome 4. The IR74 (non-elongating parent) allele at this locus had a large effect for internal elongation. An additional locus that interacted strongly with both QIne1 and QIne4 appeared near RG403 on chromosome 5, suggesting a complex epistatic relationship among the three loci. Several QTLs with relatively small effects on plant elongation and submergence tolerance were also identified. The genetic aspects of these flooding tolerance QTLs with respect to patterns of differential expression of elongation and submergence tolerance genes under flooding are discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051582
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Characterization of nuclear and cytoplasmic information in the progeny of a somatic hybrid between male sterile Nicotiana tabacum and N. glutinosa (1984)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 68 (1984), S. 95-100 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Schlagwort(e): Nicotiana somatic hybrid ; Ribosomal RNA gene ; Chromosome ; Chloroplast DNA ; Cytoplasmic male sterility
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary Several nuclear and cytoplasmic characters of the back-crossed progeny of a somatic hybrid between male sterile Nicotiana tabacum (N. debneyi cytoplasm) and N. glutinosa have been analysed. Progeny were obtained by repeated back-crossing of a somatic hybrid with pollen from either N. tabacum or N. glutinosa. Nuclear ribosomal RNA genes (rDNA) were found to be a reliable marker to determine the constitution of nuclear genomes in the progeny. The progeny obtained by back-crossing with N. tabacum pollen maintained uniformity in leaf morphology. On the other hand, variation in leaf morphology was observed in the second back-cross population obtained with N. glutinosa pollen. This may be due to a variable contribution of N. tabacum chromosomes. Segregation of rDNA was also found in individuals of the same back-crossed progeny, but was not related to the chromosome number. The stable inheritance of chloroplast DNA in the back-crossed generation was confirmed regardless of the type of pollen donor. Male sterility was consistently maintained throughout several generations, suggesting that the nuclear genome of either N. tabacum or N. glutinosa does not influence the expression of cytoplasmic male sterility.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00252321
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Development of monosomic alien addition lines and introgression of genes from Oryza australiensis Domin. to cultivated rice O. sativa L. (1994)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 88 (1994), S. 102-109 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Schlagwort(e): Rice ; Oryza sativa ; O. australiensis ; Monosomic alien addition lines (MAALs) ; Alien gene transfer ; Introgression ; Resistance to bacterial blight ; Resistance to brown planthopper
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Oryza australiensis, a diploid wild relative of cultivated rice, is an important source of resistance to brown planthopper (BPH) and bacterial blight (BB). Interspecific hybrids between three breeding lines of O. sativa (2n=24, AA) and four accessions of O. australiensis (2n=24, EE) were obtained through embryo rescue. The crossability ranged from 0.25% to 0.90%. The mean frequency of bivalents at diakinesis/metaphase I in F1 hybrids (AE) was 2.29 to 4.85 with a range of 0–8 bivalents. F1 hybrids were completely male sterile. We did not obtain any BC1 progenies even after pollinating 20,234 spikelets of AE hybrids with O. sativa pollen. We crossed the artificially induced autotetraploid of an elite breeding line (IR31917-45-3-2) with O. australiensis (Acc. 100882) and, following embryo rescue, produced six F1 hybrid plants (AAE). These triploid hybrids were backcrossed to O. sativa. The chromosome number of 16 BC1 plants varied from 28 to 31, and all were male sterile. BC2 plants had 24–28 chromosomes. Eight monosomic alien addition lines (MAALs) having a 2n chromosome complement of O. sativa and one chromosome of O. australiensis were selected from the BC2 F2 progenies. The MAALs resembled the primary trisomies of O. sativa in morphology, and on the basis of this morphological similarity the MAALs were designated as MAAL-1, -4, -5, -7, -9, -10, -11, and -12. The identity of the alien chromosome was verified at the pachytene stage of meiosis. The alien chromosomes paired with the homoeologous pairs to form trivalents at a frequency of 13.2% to 24.0% at diakinesis and 7.5% to 18.5% at metaphase I. The female transmission rates of alien chromosomes varied from 4.2% to 37.2%, whereas three of the eight MAALs transmitted the alien chromosome through the male gametes. BC2 progenies consisting of disomic and aneuploid plants were examined for the presence of O. australiensis traits. Alien introgression was detected for morphological traits, such as long awns, earliness, and Amp-3 and Est-2 allozymes. Of the 600 BC2 F4 progenies 4 were resistant to BPH and 1 to race 6 of BB. F3 segregation data suggest that earliness is a recessive trait and that BPH resistance is monogenic recessive in two of the four lines but controlled by a dominant gene in the other two lines.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00222401
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Intergeneric somatic hybrids of rice [Oryza sativa L. (+) Porteresia coarctata (Roxb.) Tateoka] (1999)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 99 (1999), S. 570-577 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Schlagwort(e): Key words Rice ; Oryza sativa ; Porteresia coarctata ; Somatic hybridisation ; Flow cytometry ; Random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD) ; Genome in situ hybridisation (GISH) ; Halophyte ; Chromosomes
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract  Somatic hybrid plants were obtained following the electrofusion of rice (Oryza sativa L. cv ’Taipei 309’, 2n = 2x = 24) cell suspension–derived protoplasts with non-dividing leaf protoplasts of Porteresia coarctata (2n = 4x = 48), a saline-tolerant wild species. Fusion-treated protoplasts were plated on the surface of cellulose nitrate filter membranes, overlaying Lolium multiflorum nurse cells. The nurse cells were embedded in KPR medium containing 0.5 mg l−1 2,4–dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and semi-solidified with SeaPlaque agarose. Putative somatic hybrid cell colonies were selected on the basis of their growth, whereby faster growing colonies were transferred preferentially to MS-based medium with 2.0 mg l−1 kinetin, 0.5 mg l−1α-naphthaleneacetic acid, 30 g l−1 sucrose and 4.0 g l−1 SeaKem agarose to induce shoot regeneration. One hundred and nineteen regenerated plants were micropropagated clonally on MS-based medium containing 2.0 mg l−1 6–benzylaminopurine, 50 g l−1 sucrose and 4.0 g l−1 SeaKem agarose, prior to DNA extraction of plant samples. Putative somatic hybrids were initially identified by RAPD analysis, and 8 plant lines were selected for further investigation by flow cytometric ploidy determination and cytology. Plants of one line had an allohexaploid chromosome complement (2n = 6x = 72) and, following examination of its vegetative clones by GISH, were confirmed as somatic hybrids containing full chromosome complements of both O. sativa and P. coarctata.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051270
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Phylogenetic relationships among Oryza species revealed by AFLP markers (1999)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 98 (1999), S. 1320-1328 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Schlagwort(e): Key words Oryza species ; AFLP ; Polymorphism ; DNA fingerprinting ; Phenogram ; Phylogenetic relationship
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract  The genus Oryza to which cultivated rice belongs has 22 wild species. Seventy-seven accessions of 23 Oryza species, five related genera, and three outgroup taxa were fingerprinted using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP). A total of 1191 polymorphic markers were obtained using five AFLP primer combinations. AFLP data were analyzed to study species relationships using different clustering algorithms, and the resulting phenograms were tested for stability and robustness. The findings suggest a common ancestry to the genus Oryza. Moreover, the results demonstrate that: (1) evolution in Oryza has followed a polyphyletic path wherein multiple lineages underwent independent divergence after separation early in the evolution from a common ancestor/pool of related taxa; (2) newly assigned genomes, GG for O. meyeriana and HHJJ for O. ridleyi complexes, are among the most diverged in the genus; (3) CCDD tetraploids have a relatively ancient origin among the Officinalis complex; (4) O. malampuzhaensis, O. indandamanica, O. alta, and O. grandiglumis are diverged enough to deserve species status; (5) O. officinalis and O. eichingeri (CC) are putative progenitors of O. minuta * O. malampuzhaensis and tetraploid O. punctata, respectively, (6) O. brachyantha is most diverged species in the genus. AFLP is reliable molecular technique and provides one of the most informative approaches to ascertain genetic relationships in Oryza, which may also be true for other related species/organisms.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051198
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Multiple chromosomal interchanges in pearl millet (1982)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 61 (1982), S. 105-108 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Schlagwort(e): Pennisetum typhoides ; Chromosomal interchanges ; Meiosis ; Sterility
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary Intercrossing and irradiation were successfully used in pearl millet (Pennisetum typhoides) to develop multiple interchanges involving up to the total complement of all the chromosomes in one complex. In interchange heterozygotes showing ⊙ 12 + 1 II and ⊙ 14, 90.9 and 87.8 per cent of the cells, respectively, had chromosome configurations other than that of 12 and 14 chromosomes. In general, the frequency of such cells resulting from breakdown of the expected complex configuration increased with the increase in the number of translocated chromosomes in the complex. The higher the number of chromosomes involved in the interchange ring, the higher were the pollen and ovule sterility. The results indicated that meiotic instability, deficiency-duplication gametes, and unequal distribution of chromosomes account for increased sterility of multiple interchange heterozygotes. Even though interchanges in pearl millet predominantly show the alternate type of segregation, sterility seems to be the major barrier for the exploitation of the multiple interchange method for gamete selection and the establishment of homozygous lines in this plant species.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00273875
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A translocation tester set in pearl millet (1982)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 62 (1982), S. 31-33 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Schlagwort(e): Pennisetum typhoides ; Translocation ; Meiotic configurations ; Tester set
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary Sixteen translocation stocks developed in pearl millet, Pennisetum typhoides (Burm.) S.&H. (2 n = 14) were inter-crossed and the meiotic configurations of f1's analysed. A translocation tester set comprising five translocation stocks, each involving two non-homologous chromosomes has been developed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00276276
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Genetic and physical mapping of xa13, a recessive bacterial blight resistance gene in rice (1999)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 98 (1999), S. 1022-1028 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Schlagwort(e): Key words Genetic map ; Physical map ; Map-based gene cloning ; Disease resistance ; Rice ; DNA markers
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract  The recessive gene, xa13, confers resistance to Philippine race 6 (PXO99) of the bacterial blight pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzae. Fine genetic mapping and physical mapping were conducted as initial steps in an effort to isolate the gene. Using nine selected DNA markers and two F2 populations of 132 and 230 plants, xa13 was fine-mapped to a genomic region 〈4 cM on the long arm of rice chromosome 8, flanked by two RFLP markers, RG136 and R2027. Four DNA markers, RG136, R2027, S14003, and G1149, in the target region were used to identify bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clones potentially harboring the xa13 locus from a rice BAC library. A total of 11 BACs were identified, forming four separate contigs including a single-clone contig, 29I3, associated with the RG136 STS marker, the S14003 contig consisting of four clones (44F8, 41O2, 12A16, and 12F20), the G1149 contig with two clones, 23D11 and 21H18, and the R2027 contig consisting of four overlapping clones, 42C23, 30B5, 6B7 and 21H14. Genetic mapping indicated that the xa13 locus was contained in the R2027 contig. Chromosomal walking on the R2027 contig resulted in two more clones, 33C7 and 14L3. DNA fingerprinting showed that the six clones of the R2027 contig were overlapping. Clone 44F8 hybridized with a single fragment from the clone 14L3, integrating the R2027 and S14003 contigs into a single contig consisting of ten BAC clones with a total size of approximately 330 kb. The physical presence of the xa13 locus in the contig was determined by mapping the ends of the BAC inserts generated by TAIL-PCR. In an F2 population of 230 plants, the BAC-end markers 42C23R and 6B7F flanked the xa13 locus. The probes 21H14F and 21H14R derived from BAC clone 21H14 were found to flank xa13 at a distance of 0.5 cM on either side, using a second F2 population of 132 plants. Thus, genetic mapping indicated that the contig and the 96-kb clone, 21H14, contained the xa13 locus.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051163
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