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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrical impedance and other physical parameters as related to lipid content of human stratum corneum (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Skin research and technology 4 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0846
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background/aims: In previous studies we have shown that variations in the properties of the stratum corneum are reflected by alterations in electrical impedance. The aim of this study was to explore the ability of the electrical impedance technique to detect changes in the lipid content of the stratum corneum, and to compare It with the other non-invasive methods, measurement of transepidermal water loss and of skin moisture.Methods: Twenty-two healthy test subjects were recruited. Transepidermal water loss was measured at standard sites on the forearms and wrists, followed by skin moisture estimation by electrical capacitance, and finally by the recording of electrical impedance spectra in the frequency range 1 kHz to 1 MHz. Readings by all three methods were taken before the start of each series of test procedures, as well as after cyclohexane swabbing, a skin stripping procedure and lipid extraction, and also during the recovery process. A mixture of hexane:isopro-panol was used for lipid extraction of the skin, and the extracts were evaluated using HPLC/LSD and GC/MS/FID analysis. Biopsy samples for light and electron microscopy were obtained after lipid extraction.Results: Electrical impedance results showed greater changes after lipid extraction than either transepidermal water loss or skin moisture content. Baseline values varied from the cubital fossa to the wrist, both for the non-invasive methods and for lipid composition.Conclusions: The electrial impedance is dependent on the lipid content of the stratum corneum, as studied by lipid extraction experiments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0846.1998.tb00113.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Formation of 2-amino-α-carbolines in pan-fried poultry and 32P-postlabelling analysis of DNA adducts (1998)
    Springer
    Zeitschrift für Lebensmittel-Untersuchung und -Forschung 207 (1998), S. 472-476 
    Details
    ISSN: 1431-4630
    Keywords: Key words Heterocyclic aromatic amines ; 2-amino-α-carboline ; DNA adducts ; 32P-postlabelling analysis ; AαC ; MeAαC
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract  Amino-α-carbolines are food-derived genotoxic heterocyclic aromatic amines (HAAs) that have been shown to be carcinogenic in rodents, to induce preneoplastic foci in rat liver and to be active in a number of genotoxicity tests, inducing gene mutations, DNA strand breaks and cell transformation. 2-Amino-α-carboline (AαC) has been estimated to account for about 20% of the carcinogenic HAAs that are ingested with the diet. Using the tandem cartridge solid-phase extraction procedure we were able to show that in pan-fried poultry the proportion of AαC and its 3-methyl derivative (MeAαC) account for 15% of the HAA fraction. Covalent DNA adducts are considered to be the primary lesions in chemical carcinogenesis. Both AαC and MeAαC have been shown to induce covalent DNA adducts in vitro and in vivo. Formation of DNA adducts was investigated by 32P-postlabelling analysis in vitro in primary rat hepatocytes treated with 10–500 μM AαC or MeAαC. While for MeAαC-derived adducts the highest response was obtained with the nuclease P1 enhancement procedure, AαC adducts were most efficiently detected upon 32P-postlabelling preceded by a cartridge enrichment step. Adduct levels detected were dose dependent but decreased for the higher doses due to cytotoxic effects. We have characterised the major DNA adducts of AαC and MeAαC as deoxyguanosine derivatives with the amino-α-carboline bound via the 2-amino group to the C8 position of guanine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002170050363
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Growth Parameters in the Epiphyseal Cartilage of Brachymorphic (bm/bm) Mice (2000)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 66 (2000), S. 355-362 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Key words: Epiphyseal cartilage—Growth rate—Brachymorphic mouse—Proliferation—Dwarfism.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. We studied kinetics in the epiphyseal cartilage of the brachymorphic (bm/bm) mouse, combining morphometry and labeling with halogenated nucleotides. The defective synthesis of the sulfate donor PAPS in these homozygous mutants is evident in tissues with a large production of glycosaminoglycans; these compounds become undersulfated. Compared with their heterozygous siblings, the longitudinal growth of the mutant mice was reduced by two-thirds. This was mainly associated with (1) reduced height of the proliferating zone, (2) a substantial number of G0 cells in this zone, and (3) reduced hypertrophy which, in turn, may be related to premature mineralization and prevention of normal expansion of cells. No significant effects on cell-cycle parameters were detected, such as S-phase time or cell-cycle time, and the rate at which each cell increased the matrix volume seemed normal. An effect on matrix mineralization may be related to known changes in the structure of matrix PGs, whereas the effect on proliferation may be related to other factors. Candidates for such other effects of undersulfation are the cell surface PGs, which are important for binding of growth factors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002230010073
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