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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Improvement of the thermal stability of NiSi films by using a thin Pt interlayer (2000)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 77 (2000), S. 2177-2179 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The effect of a thin interlayer of Pt on the stability of NiSi films on Si(111) substrates has been investigated. Both x-ray diffraction (XRD) data and sheet resistance measurements show a remarkable improvement in the thermal stability of NiSi due to the Pt interlayer. Detailed study on the XRD data shows PtSi and NiSi form a solid solution following a Vegard's law. It was found in Ni/Pt/Si samples that a transition in NiSi texture from (200)NiSi||(111)Si to (002)NiSi||(111)Si took place before the nucleation of NiSi2, which may contribute to the enhanced stability of NiSi films. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1313815
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pollen-mediated gene flow in an autogamous crop: Foxtail millet (Setavia italica) (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 116 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Gene How is a key concern associated with the eonlamination of seed multiplication iields and the use of transgenic crops. The release of herbicide-resistant germplasnis and the use of male-sterile varieties make foxtail millet (Sviaria ilalicii) an appropriate material to inves-tigate this concern. Pollen dispersal from pollen donor sources and gene tlow in fertile and male-slerile varieties of fortail millet were investigated in experiments in China and France. Although foxtail millel is mainly autogamous (less than 2% oiitcrossing), pollen from a 5m diameter plot could fertilize a tertile variety up to 24 ni away, and a male-sterile variety up to 40m. Negative exponential and WeibuU fnnctions were used to tit the relationships between percentage and number i.A iubrids per cm of ear with distance from the pollen source. Wind velocity and direction resulted in variations of gene How intensity, but did nol change liie slope ofthe regression equations. Pollen competition for available target ovules was observed up to 2 m away from a 1 m diameter pollen source. The percentage of pollen grains that fertilized ovules outside the pollen donor source was 1.4% of the total pollen grain produetion. For every iflO pollen grains released under lieid conditions 1.5 seeds were produced. The probability funetion of pollen dispersal for one donor plant was calculated. It allowed predictions of gene How accord-ing to lield shapes, estimations of isolation distances to preserve /ariety purity against pollen contamination, and the fornuiiation of efficient male/female ratios Ibr hybrid seed production.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.1997.tb02193.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis and characterization of phosphorus-containing polyurethanes (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of polymer research 1 (1994), S. 353-359 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8935
    Keywords: Polyurethane ; Phenylbis(hydroxyalkyl)phosphonate ; Thermal stability ; Char yield
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Phenylbis(hydroxyalkyl)phosphonates were prepared by treating excess glycol(ethylene glycol or diethylene glycol) with phenylphosphonic dichloride (PPD). Phosphorus-containing homopolyurethanes were synthesized by low temperature solution polyaddition by phenylbis (hydroxyalkyl)phosphonates with tolylene diisocyanate (TDI). Copolyurethanes with various phosphorus content were prepared by copolymerization of tolylene diisocyanate with polypropylene glycol (PPG, MW = 3000), and phenylbis(hydroxyalkyl)phosphonate. All polymers were characterized by elemental analysis, infrared (IR), differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), differential thermal analysis (DTA), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Thermal properties of the polyurethane were compared with that of the common polyurethane. Phosphorus containing homopolyurethanes and copolyurethanes had lower decomposition temperatures and higher char yield residue than the corresponding common polyurethane.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01378768
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis and characterization of side-chain liquid crystalline polysiloxanes (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of polymer research 2 (1995), S. 121-126 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8935
    Keywords: Polysiloxane ; Side-chain liquid crystal ; Dilution ; Activation energy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The synthesis and characterization are described for a series of side-chain liquid crystal polysiloxanes using polyhydrosilylation reaction between a poly(hydrogen methyl-co-dimethylsiloxanes),-(OSiHMe)x,-(OSiMe2)y-, where x/y was 13/87, 30/70, 55/45, 73/27 and 98/2, and [4-(allyloxy)benzoyll biphenyl mesogenic group. The side-chain liquid crystal polysiloxanes were characterized by1H NMR,13C NMR, IR, gel permeation chromatography (GPC), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and optical polarizing microscopy. The dimethylsiloxane segment factors governing thermal transition temperatures and activation energy (Ea) of the nematic-to-isotropic phase transition are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01493212
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Rayleigh-Taylor instability in the spherical pinch (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of fusion energy 13 (1994), S. 275-280 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9591
    Keywords: Spherical pinch ; inertial confinement fusion ; Rayleigh-Taylor instability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract The spherical pinch (SP) concept is an outgrowth of the inertial confinement model (ICF). Unlike the ICF, where instabilities, especially the Rayleigh-Taylor instability, have been studied extensively, the instability study of the spherical pinch has just begun. The Rayleigh-Taylor instability is investigated for the first time in the SP in the present work. By using the simple condition for the Rayleigh-Taylor instability ∇p·∇ρ〈0 (density and pressure gradients have opposite direction), we have qualitatively identified the regions for development of instabilities in the SP. It is found that the explosion phase (central discharge) is stable and instabilities take place in the imploding phase. However, the growth rate for the instability is not in exponential form, and the appearance of the Rayleigh-Taylor instability does not prevent the main shock wave from converging to the center of the sphere.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02215847
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Numerical comparison between the ICF and the ICF-spherical pinch (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of fusion energy 13 (1994), S. 45-58 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9591
    Keywords: Inertial confinement fusion ; spherical pinch ; shock wave ; implosion and explosion ; hightemperature hydrodynamics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract The spherical pinch concept is an outgrowth of the inertial confinement model. The salient feature of the spherical pinch concept is the creation of a hot plasma in the center of a sphere.(1,2) This plasma is then compressed by a strong shock wave launched from the periphery of the vessel by an imploded plasma acting as a driver. This scheme, reveals that convergence of the shock, which is the main feature of all inertial confinement schemes, is a component of the spherical pinch model. The reasons for classifying the spherical pinch as a particular ICF model and designating it as a ICF-SP are given here. The fluid mechanics and high-temperature hydrodynamics of the spherical pinch can be briefly described as an explosion within an implosion. The structure of the shock wave for such explosion within an implosion and for, an implosion alone is determined by solving numerically the governing equations of the phenomena. We present here a detailed computational comparison of the inertial confinement model and the spherical pinch in terms of density, pressure, temperature, confinement time, total accumulated number of neutrons, and time-resolved neutron flux from reactions in deuterium-tritium mixture. It is shown that temperature, confinement time, and total number of neutrons for the ICF-Spherical Pinch improve upon the classical ICF.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02214048
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stability of imploding spherical shock waves (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of fusion energy 14 (1995), S. 389-392 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9591
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract The stability of spherically imploding shock waves is systematically investigated in this letter. The basic state is Guderley and Landau's unsteady self-similar solution of the implosion of a spherical shock wave. The stability analysis is conducted by combining Chandrasekhar's approach to the stability of a viscous liquid drop with Zel'dovich's approach to the stability of spherical flames. The time-dependent amplitudes of the perturbations are obtained analytically by using perturbation method. The relative amplification and decay of the amplitudes of perturbations decides the stability/instability of the spherical imploding shock waves. It is found that the growth rate of perturbations is not in exponential form and near the collapse phase of the shocks, the spherically imploding shock waves are relatively stable.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02214516
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photopolymerization of styrene, p-chlorostyrene, methyl methacrylate, and butyl methacrylate with polymethylphenylsilane as photoinitiator (1996)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 34 (1996), S. 679-685 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: polymethylphenylsilane ; polymeric photoinitiator ; rate constants ; monomer dipole moment ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The rates of photochemical polymerization of styrene (St), p-chlorostyrene (Cl-St), methyl methacrylate (MMA), and butyl methacrylate (BMA) with polymethylphenylsilane (PMPS) as an initiator were measured. Polymethylphenylsilane is photodegrated to form silyl radicals that may initiate polymerization of vinyl monomers. Rate constants kp and kt have been determined for these systems. A good correlation (log P = α + βμ) of the resonance stabilization (P) of the chain radicals and the dipole moment (μ) of the monomers is observed for these polymerization systems. This equation may be used to estimate the resonance stabilization (P) of a monomer and the polymerization rate constant (kp). © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermal degradation of aged polytetrahydrofuran and its copolymers with 3-azidomethyl-3′-methyloxetane and 3-nitratomethyl-3′-methyloxetane by thermogravimetry (1996)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 34 (1996), S. 3337-3343 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: aged energetic copolymer ; thermal stability ; activation energy ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The thermal decomposition behavior of the aged tetrahydrofuran copolymers with 3-azidomethyl-3′-methyloxetane (AMMO) or 3-nitratomethyl-3′-methyloxetane (NMMO) were studied by thermogravimetry and evolved gas analysis, and compared with aged polytetrahydrofuran (poly-THF) The thermal stability decreased in the order poly-THF 〉 poly-AMMO-THF-AMMO 〉 poly-NMMO-THF-NMMO, whereas the range of temperature for decomposition increased in the order poly-THF 〈 poly-AMMO-THF-AMMO 〈 poly-NMMO-THF-NMMO. The apparent activation energies of the degradation for polymers with ageing, calculated by the Ozawa method, were smaller than that without ageing. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of azo-containing polydimethylsiloxanes and their copolymers with methyl methacrylate (1996)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 34 (1996), S. 2613-2620 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: polydimethylsiloxane ; poly(methyl methacrylate) ; block copolymer ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Azo group-containing polydimethylsiloxanes (PDMS-ACP), macroazoinitiators, were prepared by polycondensation reaction of 4,4′-azobis-4-cyanopentanoyl chloride (ACPC) with hydroxybutyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) of varying molecular weights. The activation energy (Ea), activation enthalpy (ΔH
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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