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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Multiplication and spread of pathovars of Xanthomonas campestris in host and non-host plants (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant pathology 35 (1986), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3059
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Multiplication and spread of respresentative strains of three pathovars of Xanthomonas campestris were monitored by maceration and plating from inoculated leaves of the host and non-host plant species Oryza sativa, Poa trivialis, Brassica oleracea and Phleum pratense.Homologous interactions were characterized by higher multiplication rates and larger population increases than heterologous interactions, except for pv. oryzae which increased as much as pv. poae in leaves of Poa. Spread of heterologous pathovars was limited, but homologous pathovars were distributed throughout host leaves soon after inoculation. Pvs poae and oryzae (from Poaceae) demonstrated considerably greater population increases and higher initial multiplication rates than pv. campestris in leaves of all non-host Poaceae. Pv. poae spread further into leaves of Oryza and pv. oryzae further into leaves of Poa and Phleum than did pv. campestris. Numbers of pv. poae declined in Brassica as did those of pv. oryzae, which was localized within 2 mm of the point of inoculation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.1986.tb02001.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Races of rust (Puccinia antirrhini) of Antirrhinum majus and the inheritance of host resistance (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant pathology 38 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3059
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Fifty-five isolates of P. antirrhini urediospores were collected from around the world. These isolates were used to inoculate the leaves of 10 cultivars of Antirrhinum majus. Two races of P. antirrhini were identified (α and β). None of the cultivars challenged exhibited resistance to isolates of Race β. Some cultivars were resistant to Race a. Resistance was inherited in a manner consistent with the existence of a dominant, nuclear allele at a single locus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.1989.tb02130.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The dynamics of homologous and heterologous interactions between rice and strains of Xanthomonas campestris (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant pathology 35 (1986), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3059
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Lesion development, bacterial multiplication and spread were measured in leaves of cultivars of rice containing different Xa (resistance) genes, following inoculation with different races of the bacterial leaf blight pathogen. Xanthomonas campestris pv. oryzae. Both compatible and incompatible races possessed the ability to colonize rice plants. The difference between compatible and incompatible host pathogen combinations appeared to be mainly in symptom production since multiplication rates and spread were very similar until after the onset of symptoms. No form of HR (hypersensitive response) was observed. The ability of incompatible races to modify host reaction in dual-inoculation was dependent on the genotype of the host plant. The heterologous non-pathogen of rice X. campestris pv. campestris produced few symptoms, failed either to multiply or spread within rice leaves and was unable to induce any marked cross-protection against homologous pv. oryzae strains in dual-inoculation experiments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.1986.tb02030.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cross-fertilisation in fucoid seaweeds (1977)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 268 (1977), S. 626-627 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Fucoid eggs secrete a polysaccharide cell wall immediately after fertilisation10*11. Accordingly we have used the fluorescent brightener Calcofluor white ST (Cyanamid) to stain zygotes permitting a rapid and direct assessment of the level of fertilisation by ultraviolet microfluorescence ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/268626a0
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Monoclonal antibodies to sperm surface antigens of the brown alga Fucus serratus exhibit region-, gamete-, species- and genus-preferential binding (1988)
    Springer
    Planta 176 (1988), S. 298-306 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Cell surface ; Fertilisation (recognition) ; Fucus ; Mastigoneme ; Monoclonal antibody ; Sperm (surface)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A panel of twelve monoclonal antibodies (MAbs), designated FS1 to FS12, have been raised against surface antigens of Fucus serratus sperm. The antibodies were selected on the basis that they show region-, gamete-, species- or genus-preferential binding. Indirect immunofluorescence shows that the antigens bound by the MAbs are distributed non-randomly over the cell surface. Seven MAbs (FS1, FS3, FS4, FS6, FS8, FS9, FS10) bind antigens located primarily on the cell body, while the others (FS2, FS5, FS7, FS11, FS12) bind antigens located primarily on the anterior flagellum. Of the MAbs that label the anterior flagellum, FS2, FS5, FS7 and FS12 form a ‘halo’ at the perimeter of the flagellum. Electron microscopic-immunogold studies indicate that the ‘halo’ results from labelling of the mastigonemes, as opposed to the flagellar plasmamembrane. Gamete-preferential binding of antibodies was detected using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with egg membrane vesicles. Eight of the MAbs bind sperm antigens not common to eggs, though FS2, FS4, FS5 and FS9 bind antigens present on both sperm and eggs. In studies of species- and genus-specificity FS2, FS3, FS5, FS6, FS7, FS8, FS10, FS11 and FS12 exhibit genus-preferential binding, labelling sperm of F. serratus and F. vesiculosus more intensely than that of Ascophyllum nodosum. Only FS10 showed marked species-preferential binding, labelling sperm of F. serratus much more intensely than that of F. vesiculosus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00395410
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isolation of protoplasts and regeneration of callus from suspension cultures of cultivated beets (1985)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 4 (1985), S. 348-350 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Conditions necessary for the isolation and culture of protoplasts from suspension cultures of sugar, fodder and garden beets were investigated. Good yields of protoplasts were obtained by treating cells with a mixture of cellulase, Macerozyme and Driselase enzymes. Nutritional requirements of beet protoplasts were found to be quite simple: protoplasts could be cultured in MS, B5 or PGo based media with 0.4 M glucose with the optimum result being produced on KM8p medium. Plating efficiency (P.E) was genotype-dependent with the sugar beet giving better P.E. than the fodder or garden beets used, and higher values being achieved with the use of desalted Driselase for isolation followed by culture on KMBp medium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00269896
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The molecular nature of Fucus serratus sperm surface antigens recognised by monoclonal antibodies FS1 to FS12 (1990)
    Springer
    Planta 182 (1990), S. 64-71 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Cell surface ; Fertilisation (recognition) ; Fucus ; Glycoprotein ; Sperm (surface antigens)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Sperm of the brown alga Fucus serratus are highly differentiated, biflagellate, naked cells. Immunolocalisation studies, employing monoclonal antibodies (MAbs — designated FS1 to FS12) raised against antigens of these sperm cells, have revealed that some sperm surface components are distributed over the entire cell, whereas others are restricted to, or occur preferentially on, the surface of the anterior flagellum or cell body. This report describes the use of these MAbs in Western-blot procedures and antigen-modification binding assays to determine the nature of these sperm surface components. Monoclonal antibodies which bind to antigens found on the cell body and both flagella (FS3, FS4, FS6, FS8, FS10) recognise carbohydrate epitopes of a high-molecular-weight glycoprotein (Mr=205 kDa). These MAbs were initially chosen at random from a much larger number of antibodies which bound to sperm in a similar fashion, indicating that this glycoprotein is an immunodominant antigen. Though these MAbs compete under conditions of limited antigen availability, differences in the effects of periodate on antibody binding and differences in other binding data indicate that the MAbs recognise epitopes of this glycoprotein which are neighbouring or overlapping, rather than common. The MAb FS9, which has a similar binding pattern to the above antibodies, also seems to bind to carbohydrate epitopes, but the antigen recognised by this antibody could not be identified in Western-blotting procedures. The MAbs FS7 and FS12, which bind to the mastigonemes on the anterior flagellum and to the cell body and posterior flagellum, recognise a set of glycoproteins in the molecular-weight range 40–250 kDa. The evidence indicates that the antibodies are binding to N-linked carbohydrate side chains of these glycoproteins. Three MAbs that bind to the anterior flagellum (FS2, FS5 and FS11) recognise protein antigens in the molecular-weight range 90–250 kDa; it is not known whether these antigens are glycosylated. The MAb FS1, which binds primarily to the sperm cell body, could not be used in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays or Western-blotting procedures and the antigen recognised by this antibody is so far uncharacterised.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00239985
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The application of atomic force microscopy to topographical studies and force measurements on the secreted adhesive of the green alga Enteromorpha (2000)
    Springer
    Planta 211 (2000), S. 641-647 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Key words: Atomic force microscopy – Bioadhesion – Biofouling –Enteromorpha– Glycoprotein (adhesive) – Secretion (glycoprotein)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) enables the topographical structure of cells and biological materials to be resolved under natural (physiological) conditions, without fixation and dehydration artefacts associated with imaging methods in vacuo. It also provides a means of measuring interaction forces and the mechanical properties of biomaterials. In the present study, AFM has been applied for the first time to the study of the mechanical properties of a natural adhesive produced by a green plant cell. Swimming spores of the green alga Enteromorpha linza (L.) J. Ag. (7–10 μm) secrete an adhesive glycoprotein which provides firm anchorage to the substratum. Imaging of the adhesive in its hydrated state revealed a swollen gel-like pad, approximately 1 μm thick, surrounding the spore body. Force measurements revealed that freshly released adhesive has an adhesion strength of 173 ± 1.7 mN m−1 (mean ± SE; n=90) with a maximum value for a single adhesion force curve of 458 mN m−1. The adhesive had a compressibility (equivalent to Young's modulus) of 0.54 × 106 ± 0.05 × 106 N m−2 (mean ± SE; n=30). Within minutes of release the adhesive underwent a progressive `curing' process with a 65% reduction in mean adhesive strength within an hour of settlement, which was also reflected in a reduction in the average length of the adhesive polymer strands (polymer extension) and a 10-fold increase in Young's modulus. Measurements on the spore surface itself revealed considerably lower adhesion-strength values but higher polymer-extension values than the adhesive pad, which may reflect the deposition of different polymers on this surface as a new cell wall is formed. The study demonstrates the value of AFM to the imaging of plant cells in the absence of fixation and dehydration artefacts and to the characterisation of the mechanical properties of plant glycoproteins that have potential utility as adhesives.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004250000337
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Demonstration of a bubble-free annular-vortex membrane bioreactor for batch culture of red beet cells (1987)
    Springer
    Biotechnology techniques 1 (1987), S. 257-262 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6784
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary A putative bioreactor, which exploits Taylor-Couette (annular vortex) flow and a gas-permeating membrane, has been constructed and used to culture red beet (Beta vulgaris L.) cells. The cell growth was followed indirectly as sugar uptake by the cells from the medium. The ultimate fresh mass concentration of 93g/l is regarded as proof-of-concept.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00155465
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    How suspension cultures of Catharanthus roseus respond to oxygen limitation: Small-scale tests with applications to large-scale cultures (1989)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 34 (1989), S. 1058-1062 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The effect of oxygen supply on the growth of suspension cultures of Catharanthus roseus in Erlenmeyer flasks was investigated. Below a critical oxygen supply rate the culture could not survive. By increasing the oxygen supply, a point is reached where the culture survives but no growth is possible. At higher oxygen supply rates there is a regime where both growth rate and the maximum biomass concentration increase with oxygen supply. Eventually there comes a point where no further increase in biomass is achieved, probably due to the depletion of the sugars; however, the growth rate continues to increase with oxygen supply until a maximum growth rate is obtained. The ratio of fresh to dry weight at maximum fresh weight increased with shaker table speed of rotation accompanied by a greater rate of sugar depletion.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260340806
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