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  • 1
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The proliferative activity of the haematopoietic and plasma cells in bone marrow was evaluated under normal and neoplastic conditions, by means of a sequential double immunostaining technique, using monoclonal antibody MIB-1 recognizing the cell proliferation-associated nuclear antigen Ki-67, and antibodies against glycophorin-C, myeloperoxidase, factor VIII-related antigen, and immunoglobulin light chains. Fifty-eight B5 fixed, paraffin-embedded bone marrow biopsies were analysed, including 11 normal controls, 10 cases of myelodysplasia, 14 cases of chronic myeloproliferative disorder, eight cases of acute non-lymphoid leukaemia, and 15 cases of myeloma. In normal marrows, the highest proliferative activity was noticed in the erythroid cells (75% to 95%; mean 90%), in comparison with myeloid precursors (15% to 80%; mean 38%), and megakaryocytes (10% to 20%; mean 14%); no Ki-67 positive plasma cells were found. In all investigated haematological disorders, the expression of MIB-1 by erythroid cells was similar to that observed in controls. Similarly, the percentage of MIB-1+ myeloid precursors in chronic myeloproliferative disorders and myelodysplasia largely overlapped the values observed in normals, and comparable values were also found in the blast cells from acute non-lymphoid leukaemia type M1 and M2. These findings suggest that the evaluation of either erythroid or myeloid proliferative activity is of little value in the differential diagnosis between these myeloproliferative disorders. By contrast, the obvious increase of Ki-67 expression of megakaryocytes in chronic myeloproliferative disorders, with labelling also of micro-megakaryocytes, might sustain the diagnosis in controversial cases. Since cases of mature myeloma showed less than 2% of Ki-67 positive cells, evaluation of proliferative activity is of no value in the differential diagnosis with reactive plasmacytosis. The sequential double immunophenotyping for Ki-67 antigen and for haematopoietic cell lineage-associated markers can be applied in a consistent manner to routine bone marrow biopsies to evaluate proliferating cells in normal and neoplastic conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Aims: Recombinant alpha-interferon (r-IFN) is an effective therapy for chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML), inducing haematological and major cytogenetic response in 70% and 30% of patients, respectively. In this study we have evaluated the significance of bone marrow (BM) histology on the subsequent response to r-IFN therapy, as well as the morphological changes induced by r-IFN within BM. Methods and results: 73 BM biopsies were studied from 21 patients with Ph1-positive CML in chronic phase at diagnosis and at different times during r-IFN treatment. At diagnosis the probability of achieving a major or complete cytogenetic response was significantly higher in patients with a total marrow cellularity lower than 90% (P = 0.02). During therapy with r-IFN, significant BM changes included disappearance of the CML pattern (P = 0.0002), reduction of M:E ratio (P = 0.0009) and total cellularity (P = 0.0027), and increase in number of terminal megakaryocytes (P = 0.0009) and of fatty tissue regeneration (P = 0.037); only after long-term therapy (mean 20 months), did reticulin fibrosis increase significantly (P = 0.032). Conclusions: The overall BM morphology in response to treatment displayed different pictures, ranging from persistence of CML (25 biopsies out of 51), to reversion to normal histology (14 out of 51). Persistence of diffuse morphological abnormalities was associated with lack of cytogenetic responsiveness (P = 0.025).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology 18 (1986), S. 339-355 
    ISSN: 0022-2828
    Keywords: Action potential ; Conduction velocity ; Re-entry ; Refractory period
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology 105 (1983), S. 111-112 
    ISSN: 1432-1335
    Keywords: Halogenated compounds ; Mutagenicity ; Cytotoxicity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The mutagenic power of 1,2-dichloroethane, 1,2-dibromoethane, 1,2-diiodoethane was tested in the human cell line, EUE. In our mutagenic system, based on selection against diphtheria toxin, the halogenated compounds, 1,2-dichloroethane and 1,2-dibromoethane revealed a strong mutagenic effect, whereas 1,2-diiodoethane was not mutagenic at a concentration allowing survival of 41%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: propafenone ; antiarrhythmic drug ; therapeutic range ; pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary In 11 patients with stable premature ventricular beats, the kinetics of single (150 and 300 mg) and multiple (150 mg t.i.d. and 300 mg t.i.d.) oral doses of propafenone were studied with reference to arrhythmia suppression. During the acute phase detectable plasma levels of the drug were achieved only with the higher dose. In 8 out of 10 patients the antiarrhythmic effect was obtained with the 300 mg dose, which was found to predict responsiveness at steady-state. During the chronic phase, antiarrhythmic efficacy was obtained with the lower dose regimen (150 mg t.i.d.) in half of those patients. A wide range of effective plasma levels was observed. The previously suggested therapeutic range (0.5–2.0 µg/ml) was not adequate in predicting either antiarrhythmic activity or adverse effects. The results show the role of propafenone metabolites in determining total antiarrhythmic action.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 41 (1991), S. 57-59 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Flecainide ; pharmacokinetics ; ventricular arrhythmias
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The pharmacokinetics of flecainide has been studied in 12 patients with ventricular arrhythmias, both after single administration and during chronic treatment. Both the half-life and the AUC were significantly increased during chronic treatment. This suggests that the kinetics of flecainide might be non-linear also in patients with normal kidney and liver function. The increase in plasma flecainide levels during chronic treatment could not be predicted, so close monitoring of its plasma levels is advisable.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Herzschrittmachertherapie & Elektrophysiologie 10 (1999), S. S015 
    ISSN: 1435-1544
    Keywords: Key words Primary prevention – implantable cardioverter – defibrillator – prophylactic implantation ; Schlüsselwörter Primäre Prävention – implantierbarer Kardioverter/Defibrillator – prophylaktische Implantation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Randomisiert werden sollen Patienten 5–21 Tage nach Myokardinfarkt. Diese Patienten sollen jünger sein als 80 Jahre, eine linksventrikuläre Auswurffraktion von maximal 35 % aufweisen und eine Metoprolol-Therapie von mindestens 25 mg täglich tolerieren. Darüber hinaus sollen einer oder mehrere der folgenden Risikofaktoren vorliegen: ≥ 10 ventrikuläre Extrasystolen pro Stunde, reduzierte Variabilität der Herfrequenz (SDNN 〈 70 ms), Nachweis von Spätpotential des Ventrikels. Etwa 9 % aller Patienten mit kurz zurückliegendem Myokardinfarkt erfüllen diese Kriterien. Für diese Patienten erwartet man innerhalb der ersten 2 Jahre nach Infarkt eine Mortalität von ≥ 25%; von diesen Todesfällen treten 50% plötzlich ein . Geeignete Patienten werden im Verhältnis 2:3 randomisiert und einer herkömmlichen oder einer EPU-bestimmten Therapie zugeführt. Patienten der EPU-bestimmten Therapie erhalten eine elektrophysiologische Untersuchung. Hier erwartet man einen Anteil von 35 % mit induzierbarer ventrikulärer Tachykardie oder Kammerflimmern. Diesen Patienten wird prophylaktisch ein kardioverter Defibrillator implantiert. Die übrigen Patienten der Gruppe, bei denen solche Arrhythmien nicht induzierbar sind, werden einer herkömmlichen Therapie zugeführt. Primärer Endpunkt der Studie ist die Gesamtmortalität. Unter der Hypothese, daß die übliche Sterblichkeitsrate in der EPU-Gruppe innerhalb der ersten beiden Jahre von 20 % auf 14 %, also um 30 % reduziert werden kann, müssen 1200 Patienten randomisiert werden (480 Patienten unter herkömmlicher und 720 Patienten unter EPU-bestimmter Therapie). Ein trianguläres, 2-seitiges, sequenzielles Design mit vorab festgesetzten Grenzen (p 〈0,05) soll sicherstellen, daß die Studie vorzeitig abgebrochen werden kann, wenn eine Wirksamkeit, kein Unterschied zwischen den Behandlungen oder mangelnde Wirksamkeit nachgewiesen werden. Die Analyse der Daten wird sowohl auf der Basis der Intention-to-Treat (primäre Analyse) als auch anhand der in Behandlung befindlichen Patienten (Sekundärauswertung) erfolgen.
    Notes: BE ta-blocker STrategy plus Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator (BEST + ICD) Trial is a multicenter prospective randomized study in which the hypothesis will be tested of whether, in high-risk post-myocardial infarction (MI) patients already treated with β-blockers, therapy guided by electrophysiologic study (EPS) will improve survival, compared to conventional therapy. Eligible patients for the study are survivors of a recent MI (〉5 and 〈21 days), aged 〈80 years, who have left ventricular ejection fraction ≤35 % and one or more of the following additional risk factors: ventricular premature beats ≥10/h, reduced heart rate variability (SDNN 〈70 ms), and presence of ventricular late potentials. These patients represent about 9 % of all patients with recent MI and are expected to have a 2-year all-cause mortality ≥25 %, sudden in 50 % of cases. The main exclusion criteria from the study are a history of sustained ventricular arrhythmias, documentation of non-sustained ventricular tachycardia during the screening phase, need for myocardial revascularization, and contraindications or intolerance to β-blocker therapy. Eligible patients will be randomized with a 2:3 ratio to two different therapeutic strategies: conventional strategy or EPS/ICD strategy. Patients allocated to conventional strategy will be treated, whenever possible, with aspirin, ACE inhibitor, and statine. In addition to the conventional therapy, patients allocated to EPS/ICD strategy will undergo an EPS: inducible patients (35 %) will receive a prophylactic ICD, whereas noninducible patients will be only conventionally treated. The primary endpoint of the study is death from all-causes. The duration of recruitment will be 2 years and that of follow-up will be variable, since all patients will be followed to a common termination date. By hypothesizing a 30 % reduction in the 2-year morality (from 20 % to 14 %) in the EPS/ICD group compared to conventionally treated patients, 1200 patients need to be randomized, of whom 480 to conventional strategy and 720 to EPS/ICD strategy. A triangular, 2-sided sequential design with preset boundaries (p 〈0.05) will be used to permit early termination of the trial if efficacy, no difference or inefficacy will be found. Data analysis will be done on the basis of both intention-to-treat (primary analysis) and on treatment analysis (secondary analysis).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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