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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Protective effects of freeze dried swordfish on methylmercury chloride toxicity in rats (1978)
    Springer
    Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 19 (1978), S. 436-443 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0800
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01685823
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relationships between various uses of antineoplastic drug-interaction terms (1992)
    Springer
    Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology 31 (1992), S. 111-117 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0843
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In in vitro testing, no pharmacologic synergism has been found for the combination of cisplatin and etoposide in P388 leukemia in contrast to the demonstration of therapeutic synergism in the same model. No pharmacologic synergism has been found for the same combination in the treatment of four small-cell lung-cancer cell lines, although clinical results obtained using this combination in small-cell lung cancer and other cancers suggest a therapeutic advantage. The popular concept of synergy, implying a therapeutic advantage, is different from the pharmacologic meaning, which generally implies that less drug is required in a combination for an equal effect. Therapeutic advantage may be obtained regardless of whether drugs are synergistic in the pharmacologic sense in the treatment of a tumor. To gain a more comprehensive insight into concepts of drug interaction, it is important to recognize that the type of drug interaction seen is dependent on the drug doses used and may vary with the treatment of different cell lines. All of these factors complicate the use of the word synergism, or any associated term, in a categorical manner to describe the effects of combinations of antineoplastic drugs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00685096
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunotherapy for remission maintenance in acute myeloblastic leukemia (1982)
    Springer
    Cancer immunology immunotherapy 13 (1982), S. 85-88 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0851
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Forty-eight patients with acute myeloblastic leukemia in remission were treated with immunotherapy in addition to remission-maintenance chemotherapy. The first 16 patients were treated with weekly BCG and a leukemia cell vaccine (group 1). The next 32 patients were randomly allocated to receive BCG and a leukemia cell vaccine given once monthly (group 2) or BCG given monthly with no leukemia cell vaccine (group 3). There was no significant difference in remission duration or survival between the randomly allocated groups (2 and 3). Comparisons with group 1 are limited by the non-random allocation to this group, but selection bias was unlikely and clinical features were similar in the three patient groups. No significant difference in remission duration or survival was seen amongst the three groups studied. There was no advantage in the addition of leukemia cell vaccine (groups 1 and 2) to BCG alone (group 3) and no advantage to weekly (group 1) versus monthly immunotherapy (groups 2 and 3). Only 7 of the 48 patients achieved a second remission, and 4 of these were short-term partial remissions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00205305
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Acute and chronic effects of cocaine on isolation-induced aggression in mice (1990)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 102 (1990), S. 37-40 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Cocaine ; Acute ; Chronic ; Aggression ; Tolerance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of acute and chronic cocaine administration on aggressive behaviour in mice. The animals were made more aggressive by individual housing for a period of 6 weeks. Group-housed anosmic conspecifics which were not aggressive were used as intruder controls. In acute studies, cocaine induced no significant change in aggressive behaviour at low doses (0.5–5 mg/kg) but significantly decreased aggressive behaviour after doses of 10 and 20 mg/kg. Cocaine increased the isolation-induced aggressive behaviour in mice when they were injected twice daily for a week with low doses of 0.5 or 1 mg/kg. In particular, the latency to first attack was significantly decreased by the drug and the frequency of attack towards the non-aggressive intruder was dramatically increased. Higher cocaine doses (10 or 20 mg/kg) under the described treatment regimen decreased these agonistic repertories. Tolerance did not develop to the anti-aggressive effects of high doses of cocaine on continued treatment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02245741
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The evaluation of biological interactions using response surface methodology (1987)
    Springer
    Cell biology and toxicology 3 (1987), S. 263-277 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6822
    Keywords: combination ; interaction ; response surface methodology ; sister chromatid exchange
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Response surface methodology was employed in the statistical analysis of the combination exposures of genotoxic agents, bischloroethylnitrosourea with cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) and cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) with X rays. The measured endpoint in each case was sister chromatid exchanges in V79 Chinese hamster cells. The combination experiments employed a factorial design in which cells were treated, in various concentration combinations, with two agents simultaneously. Bis-chloroethylnitrosourea and cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) each exhibited curvilinear concentration-related increases in sister chromatid exchanges. X rays exhibited a dose-dependent increase in sister chromatid exchanges. For the cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II)/X ray combinations, response surface methodology indicates a less-than-additive interaction, suggested by the non parallel concentration-response curves of one agent at varying concentrations of the other, and a slight dose-dependent increase in sister chromatid exchanges due to X rays alone. Both cis-diamminedichloroplatinum and bis-chloroethylnitrosourea exhibited concentration-related increases in sister chromatid exchanges, cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) being 8-10 times (dependent on what level of effect was compared) more potent than bischloroethylnitrosourea. For the cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II)/bis-chloroethylnitrosourea combinations, an increasingly less-than-additive interaction was detected. The analysis of these combinations demonstrates the strength of response surface methodology, a collection of mathematical and statistical techniques for detecting, analyzing and describing the biological effects resulting from exposures to multiple cytotoxic agents. The descriptive ability of these procedures is shown to be useful in that it leads to the suggestion of hypotheses regarding mechanisms of action.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00117864
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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