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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-2323
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé La cirrhose est caractérisée par des séries de variations des fonctions physiologiques et de modifications cliniques qui impliquent des modalités d'adaptation anormale et fragile se traduisant par une résistance réduite à l'état de détresse ou peut se trouver le cirrhotique. Des mesures appropriées pour maintenir la stabilité physiologique ont un rôle principal en présence de ces facteurs défavorables. Elles ne doivent pas être considérées comme moins importantes que les mesures essentielles qui sont nécessaires pour traiter les complications et les modifications cliniques spécifiques. La relation entre l'altération des fonctions du foie et le développement des anomalies physiologiques précitées n'est pas parfaitement élucidée, cependant, nos connaissances de ce problème ont été récemment améliorées et le besoin de mesures adéquates de soutien est devenu manifeste en raison de séries acquises de notions concernant les anomalies cardio-respiratoires et métaboliques ainsi que les interactions de la décompensation hépatique.
    Abstract: Resumen La condición cirrótica se caracteriza por una serie de cambios en las funciones fisiológicas y por alteraciones subclinicas que implican un patrón de adaptación anormal y fragil de resistencia reducida al estrés. Estas incluyen disfunción respiratoria con tendencia a la hipoxemia arterial en presencia de elevados indices cardiacos, una situatión crónica de hiperdinamismo cardiovascular pero con precaria eficacia miocárdica y latente riesgo de “falla de alto débito,” y cambios metabólicos que se traducen en un estado de fallas multisistémicas interrelacionadas características del cirrótico. En el cuidado del paciente cirrótico en estado crítico, las medidas de soporte orientadas al mantenimiento de la estabilidad fisiológica mediante el control de tales factores debilitantes tienen una importancia capital y no son secundarias frente a aquellas muy obvias que se requieren para tratar alteraciones o complicaciones específicas y clínicamente evidentes. La relación entre la disfunción hepática y el desarrollo de las mencionadas anormalidades fisiológicas no está totalmente aclarada, sin embargo, el estado de nuestro conocimiento sobre el problema ha sido enriquecido recientemente y se ha fortalecido la necesidad de establecer medidas de soporte por una serie de nociones relativas a las anormalidades e interacciones cardiorrespiratorias y metabólicas de la descompensación hepática.
    Notes: Abstract The cirrhotic condition is characterized by a series of changes in physiological functions and of subclinical alterations that imply an abnormal and fragile adaptive pattern with reduced resistance to superimposed distress. In the care of the critically ill cirrhotic patient, the supportive measures aimed at maintaining physiological stability through the control of such debilitating factors have a key role and are not secondary in importance to the more obvious measures needed to treat clinically evident and specific alterations or complications. The relationship between hepatic malfunction and the development of these physiological abnormalities is not fully understood. Our knowledge of the problem, however, has been recently improved and the need for supportive measures motivated by a series of notions on cardiorespiratory and metabolic abnormalities and interactions in hepatic decompensation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1335
    Keywords: Kaposi's sarcoma ; p53 ; Transplantation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Purpose: Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is a proliferative process of suspected viral aetiology associated with immune deficiency. In transplanted patients, lesions regress on discontinuation of immunosuppressive therapy. The purpose of this work was to analyse the expression of thep53 oncosuppressor gene product, a proliferation regulator overexpressed in both malignant and non-malignant conditions, with the aim of better qualifying KS proliferation characteristics.Methods: We analysedp53 expression in a group of transplanted, cyclosporin A-treated, KS patients by immunohistochemistry, utilizing the DO-7 (with and without the antigen retrieval pretreatment), and the PAb 240 monoclonal anti-p53 antibodies, the latter of which is able to detect a mutated epitope, and evaluating staining intensity and localization, whether cytoplasmic or nuclear.Results: Seventy five percent of KS lesions from transplanted patients presented both nuclear and cytoplasmic positive p53 immunostaining with DO-7 antibody, thus demonstrating a presumably functional inactivation; one case also presented immunoreactivity with the PAb 240 antibody.Conclusions: On the basis of the results obtained and in the presence of lesion regression upon immunosuppression withdrawal, it may be concluded that KS in transplanted patients can be considered a non-malignant proliferative process, and that the cytoplasmic expression ofp53 may stand for a functional inactivation pattern.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-2323
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé L'échographie opératoire du foie a été systématique au cours de 86 interventions pratiquées pour traiter les tumeurs primitives colo-rectales dans le but de rechercher des métastases intrahépatiques. Les résultats de l'exploration ont été comparés à ceux des explorations du foie par le chirurgien au cours de l'intervention. Cette comparaison a montré la différence entre ces différentes méthodes d'exploration. Chez 6 malades, des métastases hépatiques solitaires ont été découvertes par l'échographie pré-opératoire et chez 5 opérés elles ont été mises en évidence par l'exploration chirurgicale alors que l'échographie per opératoire a permis de déceler des lésions solitaires chez 8 malades. Des métastases multiples ont été visualisées chez 10 patients par l'échographie préopératoire, chez 11 par la tomodensitométrie, chez 13 par l'exploration chirurgicale, chez 13 par l'échographie opératoire. En outre cette dernière exploration a permis de déceler un nombre croissant de lésions intra-parenchymateuses qui n'étaient pas cancéreuses, leur nature solide ou liquidienne étant facilement reconnue. Il résulte de cette étude que l'emploi systématique de l'échographie opératoire pour étudier l'état du parenchyme hépatique chez les malades opérés pour un cancer colo-rectal permet de découvrir aisément des noyaux néoplasiques qui n'avaient pas été dépistés avant l'intervention ou au cours de l'exploration chirurgicale la plus attentive.
    Abstract: Resumen Se realizó ultrasonografía intraoperatoria rutinaria en el curso de 86 procedimientos quirúrgicos electivos para el tratamiento de neoplasias colorrectales malignas en búsqueda de depósitos metastáticos intrahepáticos. Los resultados fueron comparados con los de los procedimientos diagnósticos preoperatorios así como con las conclusiones de la valoración directa del hígado durante la laparotomía. Las diferentes modalidades diagnósticas demostraron un patrón definido en cuanto al número de masas intrahepáticas detectadas. Metástasis hepáticas solitarias fueron visualizadas en 6 pacientes mediante ultrasonografía hepática preoperatoria y en 5 pacientes mediante la escanografía computadorizada; los resultados logrados por el cirujano durante la laparotomía fueron idénticos a los de la escanografía computadorizada. La sonografía hepática intraoperatoria identificó lesiones hepáticas solitarias en 8 pacientes. Metástasis múltiples fueron visualizadas en 10 pacientes mediante ultrasonografía preoperatoria, en 11 mediante escanografía computadorizada, y en 13 durante la laparotomía; la ultrasonografía intraoperatoria reveló lesiones múltiples en 13 pacientes. Además, la ultrasonografía hepática intraoperatoria permitió la detección de un mayor número de lesiones intraparenquimatosas no neoplásicas con fácil reconocimiento de su naturaleza sólida o líquida. Como resultado del uso sistemático de sonografía operatoria para la escanografía hepática en el curso de cirugía colorrectal, se han podido visualizar fácilmente nódulos neoplásicos previamente no demostrados así como lesiones que se escapan aún al más minucioso examen directo en el curso de se la cirugía.
    Notes: Abstract Intraoperative ultrasonography of the liver was routinely performed during 86 elective surgical procedures for the treatment of primary colorectal malignancies, in search of intrahepatic metastatic deposits. Results were compared to preoperative diagnostic procedures and to direct evaluation of the liver at laparotomy. Different diagnostic modalities showed a definite scatter in the number of reported space-occupying hepatic lesions. Solitary liver metastases were visualized in 6 patients by preoperative hepatic ultrasonography and in 5 patients by abdominal computed tomographic (CT) scan and by the operating surgeon at laparotomy; intraoperative ultrasonography disclosed solitary lesions in 8 patients. Multiple metastases were visualized in 10 patients by preoperative ultrasonography, in 11 by CT scan, and in 13 at laparotomy; intraoperative ultrasonography disclosed multiple lesions in 13 patients. Furthermore, operative hepatic sonography allowed the detection of an increased number of non-neoplastic intraparenchymal lesions, promptly recognizing their solid or liquid nature. As a result of the systematic use of operative sonography for liver scanning during colorectal surgery, previously undetected neoplastic nodules as well as lesions escaping even the most accurate direct examination at surgery, were easily visualized.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1573-6865
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The targets of preformed natural antibodies need to be identified whenever the use of pig organs is considered for human transplantation. In this study we used extracorporeal perfusion of pig organs with human blood, immunocytological techniques and immuno-electron microscopy to identify the targets and the nature of human preformed natural antibodies against pig antigens. The antibodies were found to be mainly of the IgG and IgM type and directed not only against endothelial cells, but also against mesenchymal and epithelial structures. To reproduce an in vivo situation, a Bio-pump was used to xenoperfuse pig kidneys and livers with human fresh oxygenated blood at 37°C, drawn from polycythaemic patients. Biopsies showed a deposition of human IgG and IgM on tubuli and glomeruli of pig kidneys and on endothelial cells of pig livers. Preperfusion of pig liver with human blood for 45 minutes before perfusion of kidneys significantly reduced the deposition of the natural antibodies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Plant cell, tissue and organ culture 24 (1991), S. 187-191 
    ISSN: 1573-5044
    Keywords: apple ; benzyladenine ; indole-3-butyric acid ; in vitro culture ; potassium humate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The effects of humic substances on in vitro culture of ‘Golden Delicious’ apple are reported. Potassium humate (KH) when used in proliferation showed a negative interaction with BA while it enhanced rooting when IBA was not present in the culture medium. In the presence of IBA, KH increased root number and reduced root growth. The highest concentration tested, 500 mg l-1, caused a drastic reduction in root system development. 50 mg l-1 KH hastened rooting and plants grew more rapidly when transferred to soil.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1573-2614
    Keywords: models ; theoretical ; software ; algorithms ; mathematical computing ; Medium Chain Triglycerides ; Medium Chain Fatty Acids
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Medicine
    Notes: Summary A PC-based minimisation software written in C-language is described, which solves numerically both simple non-linear regression problems and problems expressed as systems of (unsolved) initial-value ordinary or partial differential equations. The software uses second-order iterated Runge-Kutta algorithm to approximate numerically the solution curves. It uses a quasi-Newton algorithm to minimize either sums of squares (weighted or unweighed) or NONMEM loss functions. Inverse Hessian approximation to the parameter dispersion and Monte Carlo generation of artificial samples are offered to test the robustness of the parameter values obtained. A real test problem is described, involving the hydrolysation of plasma Medium Chain Triglycerides to Free Fatty Acids and the uptake of these from plasma. Two competing models were evaluated, one involving linear terms for each transfer and one involving carrier-mediated, rate-limited hydrolysis and tissue absorption steps. The simpler linear model was found to be more robust and eventually used to describe the experimental data.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of clinical monitoring and computing 10 (1993), S. 147-154 
    ISSN: 1573-2614
    Keywords: microcomputers ; mathematics ; software ; multitasking
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Patient monitoring at the bedside is an inherently parallel job, best handled by multiple individual tasks running concurrently. Cost and diffusion considerations strongly favor the use of PC's at the bedside, but their most widespread operating system, DOS, is not built for multitasking. Hence, a software platform in C language has been prepared, allowing the intermediate programmer to easily write independent modules which will then run simultaneously without conflicts. Such a platform aims at allowing effortless sharing of data among concurrently running processes, while providing strong insulation between tasks, enough to allow multiple copies of any one task to run simultaneously unknown to each other. A cooperative, memory sharing multitasking paradigm has been chosen, which offers fine granularity of timeslicing and low execution overhead at the price of some loss in generality of design. Speed, data exchange capability and number of stackable windows are greater than with commercial packages like Windows or LabWinows. Dynamical reprioritization of tasks is built in, allowing the computerized monitor to focus its attention and resources on urgent tasks.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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