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  • 1
    ISSN: 1534-4681
    Keywords: Gastric cancer ; Lymph nodes ; Lymphadenectomy ; CH-40
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: CH-40 is a suspension of activated carbon particles that was developed in Japan to carry anticancer drugs to regional nodes and peritoneal seedings of gastric cancer. Methods: Forty-five consecutive patients who had surgical resection and D2 lymph node dissection for gastric cancer over a 2-year period were randomly assigned to preoperative endoscopic submucosal injection of CH-40 (group A) or no staining (group B). A total of 21 patients in group A and 24 in group B were available for analysis. Results: The number of resected nodes per patient was significantly higher (t=6.06; 40df; P〈.0001) in group A (mean±S.E.=35.3±1.24) than in group B (mean±S.E.=25.5±1.02). The rate of metastatic nodes resected was significantly higher (χ2=6.903 ; 1df; P=.009) in stained (22.5%) than in non-stained (14.7%) nodes of group A and also (χ2=6.906 ; 1df; P=.009) in stained nodes of group A than in group B (15.8%). Conclusions: Preoperative endoscopic vital staining with CH-40 proved to be rapid, safe, and effective in all cases in this series. Its use allowed surgeons to resect a higher number of lymph nodes, and to identify and examine more metastatic nodes. It also permitted identification of nodal micrometastases on routine histopathologic examination.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1436-2813
    Keywords: jejunogastric intussusception ; postgastrectomy syndromes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Jejunogastric intussusception (JGI) is a rare complication which can develop after partial gastrectomy, gastroenteroanastomosis or enteroanastomosis. Although its management is usually surgical, an endoscopic reduction can alternatively be attempted. We present herein a case of acute JGI in which failure of endoscopic reduction required surgical resection and reconstruction. This is followed by a discussion based on the current available literature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1436-2813
    Keywords: rectum adenocarcinoma ; low anterior resection ; abdominoperineal resection ; local recurrence ; patterns of local recurrence
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In the controversy regarding whether sphinctersaving resection (SSR) or abdominoperineal resection (APER) is more appropriate for the treatment of very low rectal cancer, local recurrence rates seem to play a fundamental role in patient outcome. In order to operate an effective patient selection, very low rectal cancer is defined herein as being located within 4.5 to 7.5 cm from the anal verge. This retrospective report investigates the incidence of local recurrence after curative surgery for very low rectal carcinoma in 24 consecutive patients treated by the same surgical team over a 15-year period using the above surgical procedures. In the APER group, the local recurrence rate was 45.5%, occurring in 5 of 11 cases; and in the SSR group 46.1%, occurring in 6 of 13 cases, with no significant difference between the two groups. Recurrence was found within one year of surgical treatment in all except one case. Despite the strict follow-up program, it was only possible to perform reoperation in two recurrent cases, both previously submitted to SSR and diagnosed by means of transanal ultrasonography and macrobiopsy. The high incidence of local recurrence in this series is explained by the advanced stage of disease in the majority of cases. Thus, as the choice between APER and SSR does not seem to affect the incidence of local recurrence, which is related more to tumor size, site, stage, and grading, preservation of the sphincters and restoration of digestive continuity should be achieved whenever technically possible.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1436-2813
    Keywords: pancreaticoduodenal arterial aneurysm ; partial gastrectomy ; gastrointestinal hemorrhage
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report herein a case of an iatrogenic superior pancreaticoduodenal arterial aneurysm which ruptured into the duodenal stump of a Billroth II partial gastrectomy. Superselective angiography was used for the diagnosis, and successful embolization performed nonoperatively. A review of the literature revealed both the etiology and site of rupture in this case to be extremely uncommon.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-2323
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The postoperative course of 172 patients with early gastric cancer (EGC) was followed for a median 7 years to evaluate the causes of death, incidence and patterns of recurrence, and characteristic findings in the recurrent cases. The cumulative 10-year mortality rate (± SE) was 22 ± 3.7%. Seven patients (4.1%) died of operative mortality, 11 (6.4%) died of a recurrence of the gastric cancer, and 13 (7.6%) died of unrelated causes. Unrelated causes of death were metachronous primary cancer (n = 6), cardiovascular disease ( n = 2), pneumonia ( n = 3), sepsis ( n = 1), and car accident ( n = 1). Four patients died from gastric stump recurrence, three from liver metastases, two from lymph node metastases, and two from peritoneal dissemination. Using Cox multivariate analysis, histologic type had the most significant effect on recurrence. Although influenced by the tumor nature, the EGC prognosis is relatively good. Based on the results of this study, particularly in Western institutions, histologic examination of resection margins and lymphadenectomy should be improved. Moreover, patients must be carefully followed for late recurrence and metachronous cancer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-2323
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Controversy still exists about the optimal lymph node (LN) dissection for potentially curable gastric cancer. For rational LN dissection it is important to know the incidence of metastasis at each LN station. For this purpose a computer program was developed using data from 4302 primary gastric cancers treated at the National Cancer Center Hospital in Tokyo between 1969 and 1989. To evaluate the accuracy of the computer program, the differences between the individual reports generated by the computer and the stored data were investigated in 282 Italian patients submitted to curative gastrectomy and D2 or more extended LN dissections for gastric cancer. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to assess the sensitivity and specificity of the program for predicting LN metastases in each of the 16 regional LN stations. The computer program showed good predictive ability for LN metastases in most of the 16 LN stations, as the areas under the curve ranged from 0.741 (station 15) to 0.944 (station 8), with a mean of 0.856. A critical cutoff point of 18% of the program's expected percentage was the value maximizing the validity of the prediction. Using an “absolute” cutoff point of 0%, the overall rate of false-negative (FN) predictions in 176 N+ patients was 11.9%; of these, 11 (6.2%) were absolute FNs, in which the program totally failed to estimate LN metastases; the remaining 10 cases (5.7%) were relative FNs because the specific prediction was positive for a different depth of stomach invasion. The low number of D3/D4 lymphadenectomies in the historical database may affect the low estimate of metastases to N3/N4 nodes generated by the program. Based on these data, the program predicts with good accuracy the extent of LN metastases from gastric cancer, but it is not recommended for directing the surgeon to perform more extensive lymphadenectomy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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