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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    First fossil records of cephalopod statoliths (1975)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 257 (1975), S. 380-381 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] With the exception of Argonauta, the 42 extant cephalopod families have no calcareous shells and such fossils as are known consist of body imprints, beaks, hooks, radulas, chitinous pens and ink sacs. Of these, beaks1, body imprints and pens2 have the most potential in relating fossils to living ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/257380a0
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An alternative givens ordering (1984)
    Springer
    Numerische Mathematik 43 (1984), S. 83-90 
    Details
    ISSN: 0945-3245
    Keywords: AMS(MOS): 65F05 ; CR: 5.14
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Summary A new Givens ordering is shown, empirically and by an approximate theoretical analysis, to take appreciably fewer stages than the standard scheme. Sharper error bounds than Gentleman's ensue, and the scheme is better suited to parallel computation. Other schemes, less efficient but more easily analysed, are discussed. The effect of a possible limit in practice on the number of simultaneous computations is considered.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01389639
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cephalopod prey of the wandering albatross Diomedea exulans (1987)
    Springer
    Marine biology 96 (1987), S. 1-10 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Cephalopod beaks from the stomach contents of “wandering albatross” (Diomedea exulans L.) chicks from Bird Island, South Georgia, were sampled between May and September in 1983 and 1984. Lower beaks were identified and measured, and allometric data were used to calculated mantle length and biomass of the species consumed. A total of 3421 lower beaks were examined, representing 35 species in the 1983 sample and 45 species in the 1984 sample. Eight of the twenty families contributed over 95% of the biomass. In 1984 there were less Onychoteuthidae and more Ommastrephidae than in 1983 and a decrease in the number of species known to occur south of the Antarctic Polar Front. There was a difference in the size-frequency distribution of the cephalopod diet in the two years; in 1984 there was a higher frequency of intermediate-sized specimens, reflecting the greater importance of ommastrephids, especially Illex sp. The energy content of cephalopods in 1984 may have been greater than in 1983. Serial sampling of cephalopod beaks during the austral winter did not reveal evidence of growth. By the age of 200 d, wandering albatross chicks have consumed a total of approximately 100 kg wet weight of cephalopods each.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00394833
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Retroperitoneal bronchogenic cyst masquerading clinically and radiologically as a phaeochromocytoma (1997)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 431 (1997), S. 73-76 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Key words Cyst ; Retroperitoneum ; Bronchogenic Cyst ; Phaeochromocytoma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Bronchogenic cysts are relatively rare congenital anomalies that represent malformations of the embryonic foregut and are morphologically expressed as maldevelopments of the respiratory system. Anatomically, they can be positioned at any location along the central axis of the respiratory system, but are more commonly discovered in the thorax. Infradiaphragmatic bronchogenic cysts are rare and retroperitoneal ones distinctly unusual. We report a retroperitoneal bronchogenic cyst clinically masquerading as a phaeochromocytoma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004280050071
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic evidence of population heterogeneity and cryptic speciation in the ommastrephid squid Martialia hyadesi from the Patagonian Shelf and Antarctic Polar Frontal Zone (1993)
    Springer
    Marine biology 116 (1993), S. 593-602 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Horizontal starch gel electrophoresis was used to investigate levels of genetic differentiation between four samples of the nominate squid species Martialia hyadesi Rochbrune and Mabille, 1889, obtained from regions of the Patagonian Shelf and Antarctic Polar Fron-tal Zone over 1000 km apart. M. hyadesi is an ecologically important South Atlantic ommastrephid squid and it is probable that, in the future, fishing effort will be increasingly directed towards this species. Details regarding the population structure of the species are therefore required. In comparison with the other three samples of M. hyadesi, one of the samples from the Patagonian Shelf (PAT 89II) exhibited fixed allelic differences at 16 of the 39 enzyme loci which were resolved (genetic identity, I=0.51). This high level of genetic differentiation contradicts the apparent morphological similarity between samples, indicating the presence of a cryptic or sibling congeneric species. Deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and significant differences in allele distribution were also detected within and between the other three putative M. hyadesi samples, suggesting that the species fails to maintain effective panmixia across its geographical range. The occurrence of both temporal (1986 cf. 1989) and geographic structuring within the species complex is consequently indicated, caused possibly by an overlap of reproductively isolated stocks (stock mixing) outside their respective breeding areas. Low levels of genetic variability were detected throughout the samples examined, estimates of average heterozygosity per locus within the two species detected being in the order of 0.01 and 0.002. These values are discussed in relation to levels of genetic variability reported for other squid species, and in comparison with values typically expected for marine invertebrates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00355478
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biochemical genetic evidence supporting the taxonomic separation ofLoligo edulis andLoligo chinensis (Cephalopoda: Teuthoidea) from the genusLoligo (1996)
    Springer
    Marine biology 127 (1996), S. 97-104 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Confusion abounds regarding the relative generic status of many member species of the squid family Loliginidae. A taxonomie reorganisation within the family has been proposed in whichLoligo species from the Indo-Pacific possessing photophores on the ink sac, includingLogligo edulis andLoligo chinensis, are removed to the newly created genusPhotololigo. This system of classification has not however gained general acceptance, and some authors have continued to refer to these species asLoligo. Here biochemical genetic data gathered using allozyme electrophoresis are presented supporting the assertion thatL. edulis andL. chinensis should indeed be positioned in a genus distinct from that characterised by the type speciesLoligo vulgaris vulgaris. Cluster analysis of allele frequency data from 22 putative enzyme-coding loci suggests thatL. edulis andL. chinensis are as genetically distant fromL. vulgaris vulgaris as are members of the confamilial generaAlloteuthis, Uroteuthis andSepioteuthis, and as such warrant separate generic status. We conclude that the genusPhotololigo is valid.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00993649
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cephalopod prey of the grey-headed albatrossDiomedea chrysostoma (1990)
    Springer
    Marine biology 104 (1990), S. 353-362 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Cephalopod remains were collected, at regular intervals throughout the fledging period, from the stomach contents of chicks of the grey-headed albatrossDiomedea chrysostoma at Bird Island, South Georgia, in 1984 and 1986 and from regurgitations of adults at the nest in 1986. The 1984 sample was taken during a season characterised by abnormal local oceanographic conditions in which the breeding success was very low; in 1986 conditions were normal and breeding success was high. Cephalopod beaks (289 from adults; 5 651 from chicks) were identified, and allometric equations were used to estimate the biomass represented. Five cephalopod species belonging to five families (Gonatidae, Onychoteuthidae, Psychroteuthidae, Ommastrephidae and Cranchiidae) contributed 98% by number and 97% of the biomass fed to chicks. The most important species was the ommastrephidMartialia hyadesi, contributing 68.9 to 77.4% by number and 72.5 to 79.3% of the total biomass fed to chicks. The relative proportions of cephalopod species in the chicks' diet were similar between 1984 and 1986, but the total number and biomass was significantly less in 1984. There is evidence of growth ofM. hyadesi between January and June.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01314337
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic variation in the neritic squid Loligo forbesi (Myopsida: Loliginidae) in the northeast Atlantic Ocean (1995)
    Springer
    Marine biology 122 (1995), S. 79-86 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Horizontal starch gel electrophoresis was employed to investigate levels of genetic differentiation between 13 samples of the neritic squid species Loligo forbesi Steenstrup obtained from throughout the majority of its known geographical range. Six enzyme loci identified in a preliminary study as being polymorphic were screened for variation between samples. No significant differences in allele distribution were detected between any of the samples obtained from the Faroe Bank in the north to Lisbon in the south, suggesting that squid throughout this range in the vicinity of the continental shelf are able to maintain panmixia, and effectively belong to a single population sharing a common gene pool. No clinal variation in allele distribution was detected throughout this range, a result which complements the findings of a detailed morphological companion study of the same individuals. Comparison of this homogenous European continental shelf population with squid from the Azores revealed highly significant (P〈0.01) differences in allele distribution at five of the six polymorphic enzyme loci studied. A genetic identity value (I) equivalent to 0.93 over 33 loci was obtained. Analysis of F-statistics suggested migration rates between sites to be as low as one individual per five generations, a rate deemed insufficient under most models to prevent divergence by random genetic drift. The large distance and oceanic depths separating the Azores from continental Europe seem to present an effective barrier to gene flow to L. forbesi, a squid belonging to a family considered to be confined in distribution to relatively shallow, near coastal waters. The two populations of squid in the Azores and along the European continental shelf currently both ascribed to L. forbesi should therefore probably best be regarded as relative subspecies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00349280
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cephalopod remains from the stomach of a sperm whale stranded at Rio Grande do Sul in Brazil (1980)
    Springer
    Marine biology 59 (1980), S. 235-239 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The stomach of a 10.2 m (34 ft) male sperm whale which became stranded at Rio Grande do Sul near Rio Grande, Brazil contained 227 upper cephalopod beaks and 255 lower cephalopod beaks. The lower beaks were identified and measured. Beaks of 14 species belonging to 9 families are present. Lower, rostral lengths are compared with those of the same species collected from stomachs of whales killed off South Africa and in the Antarctic. Estimates of the weight of flesh of the various species represented by beaks are made. Two ommastrephid species are estimated to contribute 33.1% of the weight of flesh represented by beaks while the octopoteuthids contribute 28.3% and the Onychoteuthids 18.5%. Three Antarctic species in the stomach show that the whale had migrated from south of Lat. 40°S prior to being caught and had not eaten much food during the journey which would probably have taken him more than 5 d.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00404746
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cephalopod remains from sperm whales caught off western Canada (1980)
    Springer
    Marine biology 59 (1980), S. 241-246 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Of 379 cephalopod beaks sampled from stomachs of 20 sperm whales caught to the west of Vancouver Island, Canada, 152 beaks were sorted and measured. Thirteen types of beak were identified as belonging to eleven families. The most numerous species represented are Berryteuthis magister and Moroteuthis robusta comprising 28.9 and 24.3% respectively. These species were estimated to comprise 17.6 and 61.9% respectively of the weight of flesh represented by beaks.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00404747
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