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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 91 (2002), S. 1371-1377 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The magnetoquenched superconducting valve is a nonvolatile switch consisting of a ferromagnetic film that spans a superconducting strip. A device state is dictated by the magnetization orientation of the ferromagnetic element and the corresponding magnetic fringe fields at its edge which control the critical current in the underlying superconductor. A Pb-based device has been fabricated with a "write wire" inductively coupled to the ferromagnetic layer as an integrated control line. A current pulse through the control line produces a small local magnetic field that is larger than the coercivity Hc of the ferromagnet and which orients the magnetization, thus switching the device state. A comparison of device switching is made between use of a current pulse through the control line and use of an external magnetic field pulse. There is good agreement between the two methods, and device switching is demonstrated with fields as small as 20 Oe. In a further effort to develop a practical device, the quenchvalve effect is demonstrated in Nb, the superconducting digital electronics "industry-standard" material. A two-fold modulation in the critical current is observed at T=4.2 K, and the effect increases as the temperature approaches Tc=9 K. These results further demonstrate the promise of this device for application as a storage cell in a high-density superconducting random access memory. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 73 (1993), S. 6320-6322 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Neutron scattering and specific heat measurements have been carried out on a series of NdBa2Cu3O6+x powder samples with varying oxygen concentrations (x=0.94, 0.78, 0.45, 0.3, 0.13) in order to study the effects of oxygen on the magnetic order of Nd. For our highest oxygenated superconducting NdBa2Cu3O6.94 (Tc(approximately-equal-to)92 K), three-dimensional (3D) long range order develops below TN(approximately-equal-to)0.53 K, with a spin configuration which is antiferromagnetic along all three crystallographic axes. For a small reduction of oxygen to x=0.78, we observe drastic effects on the Nd order; 3D order is inhibited and only short range 2D correlations are found at low temperature. However, the 2D correlations develop at a much higher temperature, near 1.5 K. At (nonsuperconducting) x=0.45, the 3D magnetic order is better developed at low temperature, yet long range order still does not occur. For x=0.3, 3D long range magnetic order of the Nd ions is reestablished, developing below TN(approximately-equal-to)1.5 K, three times that of the fully oxygenated material. All of these ordering temperatures are much higher than what is expected based on dipolar interactions alone, and this coupled with our experimental results indicates that exchange interactions play an essential role, and are strongly influenced by the chain layer oxygen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 70 (1991), S. 5751-5753 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Neutron diffraction has been used to study the magnetic fluctuations and long range order of the Dy ions in single crystals of superconducting DyBa2Cu3O7. The temperature dependence of the rod of scattering, characteristic of 2D behavior, has been measured above and below the 3D Néel temperature (TN (approximately-equal-to) 0.9 K). This rod intensity is observed to increase as the temperature decreases until TN is reached, and then the intensity decreases rapidly below TN. The 2D magnetic correlation length, which is obtained from measurements of the width of the rod, grows continuously with decreasing temperature, then reaches a resolution-limited maximum at the Néel temperature when long range magnetic order sets in. At low T, two separate types of simple 3D antiferromagnetic structures are found, one characterized by a wave vector of (1/2 1/2 0), and the other by (1/2 1/2 1/2). We believe the two types of order occur because the (dipolar) energies for these two configurations are nearly identical. This behavior is analogous to the 2D and 3D magnetic order of Er observed in ErBa2Cu3O7.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 67 (1990), S. 4533-4535 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Neutron diffraction has been used to study the magnetic order of the Er ions in superconducting ErBa2Cu3O7. Above the three-dimensional (3D) Néel temperature (TN=0.618 K) a rod of scattering characteristic of two-dimensional (2D) behavior is unambiguously observed, showing that the magnetic interactions of the rare earth ions are highly anisotropic, while there are no significant correlations observed between the sheets of Er spins. The system orders two dimensionally, and as a necessary consequence 3D order also sets in at the same temperature. The order parameter is found to obey the exact Onsager solution for a S= (1)/(2) , 2D Ising antiferromagnet. At low T, two separate types of simple 3D antiferromagnetic structures are found, one characterized by a wave vector of ( (1)/(2) , 0,0), and the other by ( (1)/(2) ,0, (1)/(2) ).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 67 (1990), S. 4530-4532 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Polarized and unpolarized neutron scattering techniques along with x-ray diffraction have been used to study the magnetic and structural properties of a single crystal of Nd2CuO4. Long-range magnetic order of the Cu moments develops at TN=245 K, with a simple antiferromagnetic configuration of spins as found in La2NiO4, while the spin directions may be either collinear or noncollinear. Additional abrupt transitions are observed at 75 and 30 K, in which spin reorientations take place. Bragg peaks associated with the crystal structure are found at the same positions as the magnetic Bragg peaks, and indicate that a small distortion of the basic tetragonal structure has occurred above 300 K. At low temperatures the Nd moments also order antiferromagnetically (TN=1.5 K), while an additional transition of a continuous nature is observed at 150 mK.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A spin polarized current has been injected into high Tc superconductors resulting in a significant reduction in the superconductor's critical current. Such injection may serve as the basis of a new class of superconducting devices for control, switching and amplification. Preliminary results using both Permalloy and CMR materials as injectors are presented. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 83 (1998), S. 6777-6779 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A superconducting switch has been developed in a simple bilayer cross strip geometry using the magnetic fringe field of a ferromagnetic film to control the critical current in an underlying superconducting bridge. The magnetization of the ferromagnet is rotated in the plane of the film to vary the magnitude of the fringe field locally applied to the superconductor from negligible to substantial values. In the latter case, the magnetization is oriented such that the magnetic poles are along the edges of the cross strip directly above the superconductor. The large fringe field near the poles suppresses superconductivity over a length of order microns, giving rise to superconducting weak link behavior. A large modulation of the critical current is observed. The effect is demonstrated in the low Tc superconductors Pb (Tc=7.3 K) and Sn (Tc=3.9 K). Fabrication of the device involves minimal processing. Applications as a high speed switch, amplifier, nonvolatile storage cell, and controllable weak link are possible. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 76 (2000), S. 2116-2118 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A bilayer ferromagnetic film, consisting of a soft- and hard-magnetic layer separated by a nonmagnetic layer, has been incorporated into a magnetoquenched superconducting valve, making it possible to control the valve with uniaxial magnetic fields. Device switching is demonstrated with fields as small as 20 Oe. The switch is inherently nonvolatile, has linear output characteristics, and requires a single inductively coupled "write wire" for integrated operation, all of which make it promising for application as a storage cell in a high-density superconducting random-access memory. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 70 (1997), S. 1170-1172 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A superconducting switch has been developed using the magnetic fringe field of a ferromagnetic film to control the critical current in an underlying superconducting Sn film. The magnetization of the ferromagnet is rotated in the plane of the film to vary the magnitude of the fringe field applied locally to the superconductor from negligible to substantial values. A large suppression of the critical current is observed. Applications as an amplifier and a nonvolatile storage cell are possible, and a device based on high Tc materials has promise. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 85 (1999), S. 1637-1643 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: In a simple bilayer geometry, a thin, microstructured ferromagnetic film spans a superconducting strip. Locally strong magnetic fringe fields at the edge of the ferromagnet quench the superconductivity, creating a weak link. The strength of the weak link can be varied between on and off by controlling the orientation of the in-plane magnetization of the ferromagnet. The observation of Shapiro steps demonstrates the ac Josephson effect in the "quenched" state. In this switchable Josephson junction, energy is required only to change states, which are thereafter maintained in thermodynamic equilibrium. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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