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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Chaos 8 (1998), S. 357-365 
    ISSN: 1089-7682
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The phase space contraction and the entropy production rates of Hamiltonian systems in an external field, thermostatted to obtain a stationary state, are considered. While for stationary states with a constant kinetic energy the two rates are formally equal for all numbers of particles N, for stationary states with constant total (kinetic and potential) energy this only obtains for large N. However, in both cases a large number of particles is required to obtain equality with the entropy production rate of Irreversible Thermodynamics. Consequences of this for the positivity of the transport coefficients and for the Onsager relations are discussed. Numerical results are presented for the special case of the Lorentz gas. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Sociology 8 (1982), S. 209-235 
    ISSN: 0360-0572
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Sociology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 86 (1987), S. 963-975 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Using the revised Enskog theory we derive equations for the thermal diffusion ratios kTi and thermal diffusion factors αij of multicomponent hard-sphere mixtures for systems in mechanical equilibrium. The first ten Enskog approximations to the thermal diffusion factor αij[N] (N=1,2,...,10) are evaluated numerically for a variety of system parameter choices appropriate to binary and ternary mixtures. We find that the first Enskog approximation does not vanish; the sequence of Enskog approximations converges most rapidly when the mass of the spheres are nearly equal. The seventh Enskog approximation was estimated to lie within about 1% of the exact value for all choices of system parameters. A comprehensive numerical study of the properties of the thermal diffusion factor for binary mixtures is given, including special mixtures such as the dusty gas, the Lorentz, quasi-Lorentz and Rayleigh gases, and isotopic mixtures. Particular emphasis is placed on showing how the properties of α12 change as the density is increased. The most striking difference between the low-density (Boltzmann) and high-density values for α12 is that the region of the mass ratio—diameter ratio plane for which α12 is either strictly positive or negative, as a function of composition, is much smaller at high densities. Also, at higher densities α12 is not a monotonic function of the mole fraction. For ternary mixtures in which two of the components are isotopes we show how the properties of the third component affect the separation of the two isotopes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Macmillan Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 401 (1999), S. 875-875 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Gaspard et al. have analysed a time series of the positions of a brownian particle in a liquid, and claimed that it provides empirical evidence for microscopic chaos on a molecular scale. An accompanying comment emphasized the fundamental nature of the experiment. Here we show that virtually ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
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    London : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    British Journal of Criminology, Delinquency and Deviant Social Behaviour. 35 (1995) 143 
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of statistical physics 25 (1981), S. 321-360 
    ISSN: 1572-9613
    Keywords: Incoherent scattering function ; velocity correlation function ; cumulants of displacement ; hard-sphere fluid ; short-time expansions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract For a classical fluid of hard spheres and hard disks exact expressions for all densities and wave vectors are derived for the coefficients oft n in the short-time expansion of the incoherent intermediate scattering function (n = 0, 1,..., 4) and the velocity correlation function (n=0,1,2). Similarly, we obtain the coefficient of the leading term in the short-time behavior of the cumulants of the displacements. Furthermore,S(k, ω) has a high-frequency tail ∼ω−4, characteristic for the hard-sphere fluid, which leads to a modification of the standard sum rules. We present estimates for the frequency range, in which this tail may be observed in neutron scattering off noble gases. The results are also compared with Enskog's theory and molecular dynamics calculations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of statistical physics 27 (1982), S. 223-281 
    ISSN: 1572-9613
    Keywords: Hydrodynamical modes ; collective modes ; fluids ; kinetic theory ; neutron scattering
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The existence of very-short-wavelength collective modes in fluids is discussed. These collective modes are the extensions of the five hydrodynamic (heat, sound, viscous) modes to wavelengths of the order of the mean free path in a gas or to a fraction of the molecular size in a liquid. They are computed here explicitly on the basis of a model kinetic equation for a hard sphere fluid. At low densities all five modes are increasingly damped with decreasing wavelength till each ceases to exist at a cutoff wavelength. At high densities the extended heat mode softens very appreciably for wavelengths of the order of the size of the particles and becomes a diffusion-like mode that persists till much shorter wavelengths than the other modes. Except for the shortest wavelengths these collective modes and in particular the heat mode dominate the dynamical structure factorS(k, ω) for all densities. The agreement of the theory with experimentalS(k, ω) of liquid Ar seems to imply that very-short-wavelength collective modes also occur in real fluids.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of statistical physics 28 (1982), S. 135-164 
    ISSN: 1572-9613
    Keywords: Cluster expansion ; virial coefficients ; dielectric constant ; polarizability ; suspension ; shape dependence ; absolute convergence ; Clausius-Mossotti formula
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We derive a cluster expansion for the electric susceptibility kernel of a dielectric suspension of spherically symmetric inclusions in a uniform background. This also leads to a cluster expansion for the effective dielectric constant. It is shown that the cluster integrals of any order are absolutely convergent, so that the dielectric constant is well defined and independent of the shape of the sample in the limit of a large system. We compare with virial expansions derived earlier in statistical mechanics for the dielectric constant of a nonpolar gas. In these expansions the virial coefficients are given by integrals which are only conditionally convergent.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of statistical physics 81 (1995), S. 467-495 
    ISSN: 1572-9613
    Keywords: Diffusion ; Lorentz lattice gas ; cellular automata ; honeycomb lattice ; quasi-lattice ; square lattice ; triangular lattice
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We study numerically the nature of the diffusion process on a honeycomb and a quasi-lattice, where a point particle, moving along the bonds of the lattice, scatters from randomly placed scatterers on the lattice sites according to strictly deterministic rules. For the honeycomb lattice fully occupied by fixed rotators two (symmetric) isolated critical points appear to be present, with the same hyperscaling relation as for the square and the triangular lattices. No such points appear to exist for the quasi-lattice. A comprehensive comparison is made with the behavior on the previously studied square and triangular lattices. A great variety of diffusive behavior is found, ranging from propagation, superdiffusion, normal, quasi-normal, and anomalous, to absence of diffusion. The influence of the scattering rules as well as of the lattice structure on the diffusive behavior of a point particle moving on the all lattices studied so far is summarized.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of statistical physics 87 (1997), S. 1037-1049 
    ISSN: 1572-9613
    Keywords: Viscosity ; viscoelasticity ; rheology ; colloidal suspensions ; hardspheres ; softspheres
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The asymptotic frequency, ω, dependence of the dynamic viscosity of neutral hard-sphere colloidal suspensions is shown to be of the formη 0A(ϕ)(ωτp)-1/2, whereA(ϕ) has been determined as a function of the volume fraction ϕ, for all concentrations in the fluid range,η 0 is the solvent viscosity, andτ p is the Péclet time. For a soft potential it is shown that, to leading order in the steepness, the asymptotic behavior is the same as that for the hard-sphere potential and a condition for the crossover behavior to 1/ωτp, is given. Our result for the hardsphere potential generalizes a result of Cichocki and Felderhof obtained at low concentrations and agrees well with the experiments of van der Werffet al. if the usual Stokes-Einstein diffusion coefficientD 0 in the Smoluchowski operator is consistently replaced by the short-time self-diffusion coefficientD s(ϕ) for nondilute colloidal suspensions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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