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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 28 (1988), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: L'étude de la dégradation du propyzamide est réalisée dans 29 sols, dans des conditions de température et d'humidité constantes. Une relation est trouvée entre la vitesse de dégradation et la résistivité des sols. Un apport d'engrais dans les sols entraine une diminution de la résistivité qui se traduit par un ralentissement de la vitesse de dégradation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 24 (1984), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: La dégradation du propyzamide a étéétudiée après dépôt sur diverses bentonites homioniques. Les meilleures activités sont obtenues avec les bentonite Ag + et Cu++ qui provoquent la dégradation du propyzamide selon un processus en deux étapes. La présence d'humidité provoque l'apparition d'un processus secondaire compétitif.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Weed research 43 (2003), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The retention and degradation of metribuzin herbicide were studied under two environmental conditions. Field studies were carried out on two soils, a sandy loam soil (soil A) and a clay soil (soil B). Metribuzin was applied with a jet sprayer at 1060 g a.i. ha−1 and 1960 g a.i. ha−1 on soils A and B respectively. Reconstituted soil columns were used to study the herbicide movement and metabolism in the two soils. Analyses of metribuzin and its metabolites were carried out using standardized methods. The results indicated a very weak capacity of adsorption of metribuzin in the two soils, and the weak adsorbed fraction is easily desorbed. Degradation and mobility of metribuzin in the field and laboratory soil columns were very intense and rapid. Soil A favoured reductive deamination whereas soil B favoured oxidative desulphuration and the respective metabolites deaminometribuzin and diketometribuzin yield the same product deaminodiketometribuzin. Both leaching by rainfall and degradation were important in the disappearance of metribuzin from the soils.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 27 (1987), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Le CEPC se dégrade lentement à 20 °C et en phase sèche au contact de divers supports minéraux: gel de silice et bentonites homoioniques (Bentonite Prolabo, MontmoriMonite K 10; Cu2+, Zn2+, Fe3+ et Ag+). L'hydroxylation de l'atome de chlore terminal est généralement prépondérante tandis que la cyclisation en oxazolidone ou l'hydrolyse de la fonction carbamate demeurent limitées. La formation intermédiaire d'isocyanate n'a pas été observée. La sélectivité de la conversion est principalement influencée par la nature et l'acidité du support, le métal de saturation et la méthode d'imprégnation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 26 (1986), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: La dégradation chimique en phase sèche du phenmédiphame et du desmédiphame a étéétudiée à température ambiante sur diverses bentonites homoioniques (Fe3+, Mn2+, Cu2+, Ag+ et Zn2+). Le cuivre, l'argent et le zinc sont actifs. Le schéma général du processus de dégradation proposé indique que seule la fonction carbamate intercycles est hydrolysée selon un mécanisme type E1cB (formation d'isocyanate intermédiaire).The chemical degradation of phenmedipham and desmedipham on various homoionic bentonites (Fe3+, Mn2+, Cu2+, Ag+ and Zn2+) was investigated at room temperature. In these conditions. Cu2+, Ag+ and Zn2+ were the most active cations. The chemical degradation pathway proposed only indicates the hydrolysis of the carbamate function located between the two aromatic nuclei according to the E1cB mechanism (isocyanate is involved as intermediate).Katalytischer Abbau von Carbamatherbiziden auf homionischen Bentoniten. III. Phenmediphan und DesmediphaEs wurde der chemische Abbau von Phenmedipham und Desmedipham auf verschiedenen homoionischen Bentoniten (Fe3+, Mn2+, CU2+. Ag2+ und Zn2+) bei Zimmertemperatur untersucht. Unter den gegebenen Versuchsbedingungen waren Cu2+, Ag+, und Zn2+, die aktivsten Kationen. Es wird angenommen, dass der chemische Abbau auf einer Hydrolyse der Carbamatfunktion zwisehen den zwei aromatischen Ringen beruht und einem Mechanismus vom Typ E1cB (Bildung von intermediärem Isocyanat) folgt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 25 (1985), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: La dégradation chimique d'herbicides acétyléniques (amides et carbamates) est étudiée en phase sèche sur diverses bentonites homoioniques (Fe3+, Mn2+, Cu2+, Zn2+). La bentonite Zn présente une activité intéressante vis à vis du propyzamide. L'influence de la dispersion du métal (ex: Cuivre) et de l'humidité de l'argile ont étéétudiées. La spectroscopie Infra Rouge a permis de préciser les groupes fonctionnels du substrat impliqués dans l'adsorption et de mettre qualitativement en évidence le phénomène de dégradation précédemment étudié.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Isoxaflutole is a new pre-emergence herbicide for use in maize and sugarcane. Its two main derivatives are a diketonitrile derivative, the 2-cyano-3-cyclopropyl-1-(2-methanesulfonyl-4-trifluoromethylphenyl)propan-1,3-dione, named DKN, and a benzoic acid derivative, the 2-methanesulfonyl-4-trifluoromethylbenzoic acid, named BA. The adsorption/desorption processes have never been studied for isoxaflutole (IFT) at high concentrations nor for BA, and the present work aimed at completing the knowledge of the behaviour of these three molecules in conditions close to those encountered in the context of agricultural use. The adsorption/desorption study was conducted on seven soils of different physical and chemical properties, using the batch equilibrium technique. During the experiments, IFT was chemically converted into DKN in a continuous manner. This reaction appeared to be dependent on the pH of the soil and was taken into account in the calculations of the adsorbed and desorbed amounts. The adsorption isotherms obtained were predominantly C-shaped for IFT and DKN and S-shaped for BA, but some differences appeared on a few soils. They fitted well the Freundlich equation, and the values of the Freundlich coefficient Kfa showed that, whatever the soil, IFT was more adsorbed than its two derivatives. The main parameter influencing the adsorption of IFT appeared to be the organic matter content, whereas this effect was not evident for DKN and BA. No correlation was found between the extent of adsorption and either clay content or pH of the soil, for the three molecules.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 26 (1986), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: En phase sèche à 20° C, le carbétamide peut se dégrader lentement sur divers supports argileux homoïoniques (Bentonite Prolabo, Montmorillonite K 10; Cu++, Zn++, Fe+++). Le Cuivre présente la meilleure activité. Un processus de dégradation suivant deux voies parallèles a été mis en évidence au cours de la première étape. La sélectivité observée est influencée par la méthode d'imprégnation, la nature du support et du métal. A température supérieure (80° C), on observe sur gel de silice et Montmorillonite K 10 un processus plus complet de dégradation qui permet de confirmer la formation d'isocyanate intermédiaire lors de l'hydrolyse de la fonction carbamate du substrat.Surface catalysed degradation of carbamate herbicides on bentonites. IV. CarbetamideThe chemical degradation of carbetamide on various homoionic clays (Bentonite Prolabo, Montmorillonite K 10:Cu++, Zn++, Fe+++) (was investigated at room temperature. The kinetics of the reaction was generally slow; however, copper was the most active metal. The first stage of the chemical process included two ways of degradation. The selectivity of the conversion was influenced by the impregnation technique, clay type and exchange metal. At a higher temperature (80° C) on silica gel and montmorillonite K 10, the whole process of degradation was observed which indicated that isocyanate is involved as an intermediate in the carbamate hydrolysis function.Katalytischer Abbau von Carbamaten an Bentaniten. IV. CarbetamidDer chemische Abbau von Carbetamid an verschiedenen homoionischen Tonmineralen (Bentonit Prolabo, Montmorillonit K 10; Cu2+, Fe3+) wurde bei Zimmertemperatur untersucht. Die Reaktion war allgemein langsam, aber Kupfer war am wirksamsten. Die erste Stufe des Abbaus besteht aus zwei Wegen, worüber die Art der Imprägnierung, das Tonmineral und die ausgetauschten Metalle entscheiden. Bei höherer Temperatur (80° C) konnte an Silicagel und Montmorillonit K 10 der gesamte Abbauprozess beobachtet werden, wobei sich zeigte, dass Isocyanat als Zwischenprodukt der Hydrolyse von Carbamat auftritt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 25 (1985), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: La dégradation chimique en phase sèche du chlorbufame a étéétudiée après dépôt à température ambiante sur diverses bentonites homoioniques (Cu2+; Ag+). Un schéma général de dégradation a étéétabli.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 25 (1985), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: La dégradation chimique en phase sèche du barbane a étéétudiée après dèpôt à température ambiante sur diverses bentonites homoioniques (Cu2+; Ag+). La bentonite Ag+ présente une réactivité particulièrement intéressante. Le schéma général de cette dégradation a étéétabli.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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