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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mutations in somePolycomb group genes ofDrosophila interfere with regulation of segmentation genes (1994)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 244 (1994), S. 474-483 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Polycomb group ; Segmentation genes ; Drosophila melanogaster ; Central nervous system
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Mutations in severalPolycomb (Pc) group genes cause maternal-effect or zygotic segmentation defects, suggesting thatPc group genes may regulate the segmentation genes ofDrosophila. We show that individuals doubly heterozygous for mutations inpolyhomeotic and six otherPc group genes show gap, pair rule, and segment polarity segmentation defects. We examined double heterozygous combinations ofPc group and segmentation mutations for enhancement of adult and embryonic segmentation defects.Posterior sex combs andpolyhomeotic interact withKrüppel 2 and enhance embryonic phenotypes ofhunchback andknirps, andpolyhomeotic enhanceseven-skipped. Surprisingly, flies carrying duplications ofextra sex combs (esc), that were heterozygous for mutations ofeven-skipped (eve), were extremely subvital. Embryos and surviving adults of this genotype showed strong segmentation defects in even-numbered segments. Antibody studies confirm that expression ofeve is suppressed by duplications ofesc. However,esc duplications have no effect on other gap or pair rule genes tested. To our knowledge, this is only the second triplo-abnormal phenotype associated withPc group genes. Duplications of nine otherPc group genes have no detectable effect oneve. Expression ofengrailed (en) was abnormal in the central nervous systems of mostPc group mutants. These results support a role forPc genes in regulation of some segmentation genes, and suggest thatesc may act differently from otherPc group genes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00583898
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic interactions and dosage effects of Polycomb group genes of Drosophila (1995)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 246 (1995), S. 291-300 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Polycomb group ; trithorax group ; Homeotic ; Chromatin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The Polycomb (Pc) group of genes are required for maintenance of cell determination in Drosophila melanogaster. At least 11 Pc group genes have been described and there may be up to 40; all are required for normal regulation of homeotic genes, but as a group, their phenotypes are rather diverse. It has been suggested that the products of Pc group genes might be members of a heteromeric complex that acts to regulate the chromatin structure of target loci. We examined the phenotypes of adult flies heterozygous for every pairwise combination of Pc group genes in an attempt to subdivide the Pc group functionally. The results support the idea that Additional sex combs (Asx), Pc, Polycomblike (Pcl), Posterior sex combs (Psc), Sex combs on midleg (Scm), and Sex combs extra (Sce) have similar functions in some imaginal tissues. We show genetic interactions among extra sex combs (esc) and Asx, Enhancer of Pc, Pcl, Enhancer of zeste E(z), and super sex combs and reassess the idea that most Pc group genes function independently of esc. Most duplications of Pc group genes neither exhibit anterior transformations nor suppress the extra sex comb phenotype of Pc group mutations, suggesting that not all Pc group genes behave as predicted by the mass-action model. Surprisingly, duplications of E(z) enhance homeotic phenotypes of esc mutants. Flies with increasing doses of esc + exhibit anterior transformations, but these are not enhanced by mutations in trithorax group genes. The results are discussed with respect to current models of Pc group function.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00288601
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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