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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Potential therapeutic applications and mechanisms of action of heparin in inflammatory bowel disease (2000)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 14 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Unfractioned heparin was recently reported to be beneficial in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. The available uncontrolled data show that it may be effective in steroid-resistant ulcerative colitis with a percentage of complete clinical remission of over 70% after an average of 4–6 weeks of therapy. The administration of unfractioned heparin is not currently justified by the very limited available data.The worsening of rectal bleeding is infrequent in treated ulcerative colitis patients and only rarely does it require blood transfusion or a colectomy. Low molecular weight heparin was used in a single trial in patients with steroid-refractory ulcerative colitis, with results similar to those observed with unfractioned heparin.Since a prothrombotic state has been described in inflammatory bowel disease, and microvascular intestinal occlusion seems to play a role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease, it is reasonable that part of the beneficial effects of unfractioned heparin in inflammatory bowel disease may result from its anticoagulant properties. However, beyond its well-known anticoagulant activity, unfractioned heparin also exhibits a broad spectrum of immunomodulating and anti-inflammatory properties, by inhibiting the recruitment of neutrophils and reducing pro-inflammatory cytokines. Moreover, it can restore the high-affinity receptor binding of basic fibroblast growth factor and this would aid healing of the ulcerated mucosa.In conclusion, unfractioned heparin may represent a safe therapeutic option for severe, steroid-resistant ulcerative colitis, although randomized, controlled trials are needed to confirm these data.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.2000.00860.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Increased carotid intima–media thickness in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 22 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background : Patients with inflammatory bowel disease have an increased risk of thrombotic complications; moreover, mesenteric microvascular thrombosis has been hypothesized as a contributing factor in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease.Aim : To assess the extent of subclinical atherosclerosis in inflammatory bowel disease by measuring the intima–media thickness of the common carotid artery.Methods : Fifty-two patients were enrolled in the study. Patients aged 〉45 years, with a history of cardiovascular disease and known risk factors for atherosclerosis were excluded from the study. Twenty healthy subjects were studied as controls. Carotid ultrasonography was performed in all patients and controls. intima–media thickness was measured proximal to the carotid bifurcation over both right and left common carotid arteries. The clinical characteristics and the laboratory parameters relevant to disease activity were recorded for all inflammatory bowel disease patients. In particular, plasma homocysteine, a well-known risk factor for thrombosis, was assessed.Results : Common carotid artery intima–media thickness was significantly higher in inflammatory bowel disease patients (0.63 ± 0.15 mm) compared with controls (0.53 ± 0.08 mm). Multiple regression analysis revealed a significant association of carotid intima–media thickness with homocysteine levels and age.Conclusions : Inflammatory bowel disease patients have an increased risk of early atherosclerosis than healthy controls as showed by greater values of carotid intima–media thickness. Homocysteine levels and age resulted independently associated with the increased arterial wall thickness.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2036.2005.02657.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cisplatin, epirubicin, and lonidamine combination regimen as first-line chemotherapy for metastatic breast cancer: a pilot study (1998)
    Springer
    Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology 41 (1998), S. 333-338 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0843
    Keywords: Key words Cisplatin ; Epirubicin ; Lonidamine ; Advanced breast cancer ; Toxicity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  We assessed the activity and tolerability of a cisplatin, epirubicin, and lonidamine combination regimen as first-line chemotherapy in 28 advanced breast cancer patients. The schedule of treatment was as follows: 60 mg/m2 epirubicin followed by 40 mg/m2 cisplatin given on days 1 and 2 every 21 days, with 450 mg lonidamine being given per os (three tablets) on days of chemotherapy administration and in the period intervening between one cycle and the next. Patients received a median of 5 (range 1 – 6) cycles. Overall, 22 patients were evaluable for response and 28, for toxicity. Four patients refused to continue the treatment after the first course, one was lost to follow-up, and one died due to toxicity (septic shock). The incidence of grade 3/4 nausea and vomiting was found to be greater than that expected with epirubicin and lonidamine alone. The addition of cisplatin resulted in an increase in platelet and hemoglobin toxicities, whereas the WBC toxicity did not differ from that expected with epirubicin and lonidamine. The hematological toxicity was found to be cumulative, leading to treatment delay in about 50% of patients at the fifth and sixth courses. The activity of this cytotoxic regimen was noteworthy, with the overall response rate being 81.8% (31.8% complete responses and 50.0% partial responses) in evaluable patients. This response rate decreased to 64.2% when all registered patients were included according to an intent-to-treat analysis. In conclusion, the association of cisplatin, epirubicin, and lonidamine given on the schedule described herein, appears to be very active but substantially toxic. We are now testing this combination in a randomized comparison, with the cisplatin dose being reduced to 30 mg/m2 given on days 1 and 2.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002800050747
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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