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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    International journal of food science & technology 24 (1989), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2621
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    International journal of food science & technology 26 (1991), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2621
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The theory for a new instrument for the on-line (batch continuous), and in situ measurement of the per cent chemical lean content (CL) of whole cartons of boxed, boneless meats is outlined. This idealized instrument should be non-invasive of the carton and non-destructive of its meat content. A practical predictive model for CL is presented, based on a proposed novel method of meat volume determination and the established difference in density of the two components of meat, lean (i.e. fat free) and fat. The importance of simplifying assumptions and potential practical realization are discussed. Other potential applications to two-component systems are briefly discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    International journal of food science & technology 26 (1991), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2621
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A laboratory evaluation of a pilot, new instrument for the on-line (batch continuous) measurement of the per cent chemical lean content (CL) of whole cartons (nominally 27.2 kg) of boneless beef, based on an idealized design, is reported. For 24 cartons obtained from an export meatworks there was a highly linear (P 〈 0.001) dependence of CL on (reciprocal of) the instrument reading. The standard deviation of the predicted CL about this regression line was 2.02. For a further 20 cartons in which the cardboard was equilibrated at high RH prior to packing with the meat, the standard deviation in CL was 3.14. Predictions for CL were not significantly influenced by the order in which the meat pieces were packed into the carton, but were significantly (P〈 0.001) affected by the size of the meat pieces. Best results of predicted CL were obtained with large meat pieces in cartons as supplied from the meatworks. These findings together with the fact that model predictions were not improved by a temperature term for meat (range 8.7–15.7°C) should augur well for future development of the instrument.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    International journal of food science & technology 25 (1990), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2621
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A predictive model for the hot water decontamination of sides of beef in a novel design of cabinet is presented and its usefulness illustrated. The model is based on laboratory data and permits assessment of bacterial reductions, production rates, unit energy costs and changes to cabinet dimensions and ambient temperatures. The advantages of a ‘standard’ cabinet recommended for a wide range of abattoir production rates are outlined. For a production rate of 135 sides h−1, 90% and 99% reductions in bacteria at the site of minimum treatment (the neck) could be achieved at costs of less than 0.016% and 0.03% respectively of the value of the meat. The model assumes limited exposure of the sides to the hot water to prevent a permanent impairment of meat bloom. A graphical summary is presented and limitations of the model are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    International journal of food science & technology 24 (1989), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2621
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The theory underlying the use of hot water to reduce the numbers of microbial contaminants of public health significance on freshly slaughtered animals was investigated. An analysis of steady-state predictions of microbial reductions and accompanying evaporative heat and mass losses in a hot water cabinet for the decontamination of beef sides is developed, based on published correlations. This is more comprehensive than previously undertaken and is used to compare two methods of contacting hot water with the sides of beef: conventional pressure sprays and an alternative, overhead distributor or ‘deluge’ system. Predictions indicate that a distributor cabinet does not need doors or thermal insulation, and highlight the potential economy and practical advantages over conventional spraying.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    International journal of food science & technology 24 (1989), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2621
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A hot water cabinet based on an idealized distributor design for the decontamination of sides of beef is described and a laboratory evaluation of this novel cabinet is reported.Beef sides were inoculated with E. coli and exposed to mean water temperatures at the surface tissue (Tf) of 83.5, 74.2, 66.0 and 44.5°C for 10 or 20 s. Mean log10 reductions of bacteria for 10-s exposures were 2.23, 1.40, 0.91 and 0.2. For 20 s, reductions were 2.98, 2.14, 1.17 and 0.1. There was a significant (P 〈 0.05) linear relationship between log reductions and Tf which varied with exposure time. At a Tf of 83.5°C with exposure times greater than 20 s, carcass bloom was judged to be permanently and adversely affected. At shorter times or with lower temperatures this did not occur.Evaporative heat losses were well correlated with the pressure driving force (r= 0.89) and gravity driving force (r= 0.92) for air interchange between the cabinet and its surrounds.The running cost using the distributor cabinet was one-third of that of an existing spray cabinet when compared at the maximum reduction of log 1.3 (95%) achieved by the spray cabinet. An additional advantage of the distributor cabinet is its constructional simplicity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd.
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 11 (1997), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The effect of acute pentoxifylline treatment in an experimental model of colitis was assessed using the trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid (TNBS)-induced rat model of colitis.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉Methods:Animals were treated with intracolonic injection (250 μL) of TNBS (50 mg in 50% ethanol) to induce inflammation and ulcers. Animals received pentoxifilline (100 mg/kg intracolonically) or saline 24 and 48 h following TNBS treatment. Five days following TNBS treatment, colons were dissected and scored according to the morphology damage score. The colons were then rolled longitudinally, fixed in formalin and embedded in paraffin. The collagen content of colonic sections was determined by a Sirius red–Fast green technique.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉Results:Animals treated with TNBS alone had significantly higher gross morphology damage scores compared to animals treated with saline. Pentoxifylline significantly reduced the gross morphology damage score in animals receiving TNBS. Colonic collagen levels were significantly elevated in TNBS-treated animals compared to animals receiving saline. Pentoxifylline treatment did not alter the collagen content of colons from TNBS-treated animals.〈section xml:id="abs1-4"〉〈title type="main"〉Conclusion:TNBS treatment significantly elevates morphology damage score compared to controls. The results also suggest that colonic collagen was significantly elevated in animals treated with TNBS compared to controls. Pentoxifylline treatment was not sufficient to reduce the elevation in colonic collagen, although pentoxifylline treatment was sufficient to reduce the pathological changes due to TNBS, thus bringing the morphology damage score down to control levels.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 214 (1967), S. 737-738 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Phocanema (synonyms: Porrocaecum, Terranova) de-cipiens occurs as a last-stage larva in the muscles of the cod and moults once to the adult stage in the digestive tract of the seal8. It is possible to duplicate this moult in vitro9. In Phocanema, the new cuticle begins to form within 12 h and ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 206 (1965), S. 1274-1274 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The results obtained during routine quality testing by means of the baking test and the Chopin Alveograph showed that the flour from these wheats fell into three broad general types: (a) soft, low-absorption flours which produced extensible doughs of low to medium strength and test-loaves of fair ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 183 (1959), S. 1271-1272 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Recent experiments in this laboratory have revealed that the indolamines tryptamine and 5-hydroxy-tryptamine (serotonin) disperse the pigment in the melanocytes of hypophysectomized specimens of Rana pipiens when injected into the dorsal lymph space. The effect, recorded by photographing an area of ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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