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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Historical inputs of polychlorinated biphenyls and other organochlorines to a dated lacustrine sediment core in rural England (1992)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Environmental science & technology 26 (1992), S. 1815-1821 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5851
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es00033a016
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Application of210Pb in soils (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of paleolimnology 13 (1995), S. 157-168 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0417
    Keywords: 210Pb ; 137Cs ; soil ; model-simulation ; migration ; mixing
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract The γspectroscopic measurement of soil samples is described.210Pb data from a soil survey in western-Europe are briefly reviewed. The average210Pb flux from the atmosphere, as determined from210Pb exc soil inventories, is 90 Bq m−2a−1. A simple one-dimensional box-chain model is described. The model simulates the vertical, post depositional transport of natural and fall-out radionuclides in the soil. Simulation of measured210Pb exc ,134Cs,137Cs, and241Am soil profiles shows that mixing (bioturbation) is a very efficient transport mechanism. Lead seems to be strongly fixed to organic and clay particles. It is transported by the displacement of the organic and clay carrier substances. The mean residence time of lead, caesium, plutonium and americium in organic rich forest soils is in the order of 250–1000 years. An applicability study in investigate the use of210Pb in erosion problems showed erosion rates from 60–180 g m−2a−1 on organic rich forest and meadow sites with 10°–25° slopes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00678104
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mobilization of cesium in organic rich soils: Correlation with production of dissolved organic carbon (1996)
    Springer
    Water, air & soil pollution 88 (1996), S. 133-144 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2932
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract A study of the downward movement of 137Cs in an undisturbed forest soil is presented. Seasonal variations and depth profiles of 137Cs activities were measured in seepage water, which is the transport medium for the downward movement of anthropogenic substances in soils. Furthermore the correlation of 137Cs mobilization and production of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) was investigated. Seasonal variations of both 137Cs and DOC fluxes in the seepage water in a depth of 5 cm depth were observed, where the maximum fluxes in the summer months were about one order of magnitude higher than the minimum fluxes in the winter months. 137Cs fluxes are found to be correlated with DOC fluxes with a correlation coefficient of r = 0.63, and both are highly correlated with soil temperature. This indicates that cesium is bound to soil organic material. The production of DOC is controlled by microbial decomposition of soil organic matter and we assume that this holds true for the 137Cs release as well. The actual transport velocity (0.2 ± 0.14 mm/a) of 137Cs (calculated by the weighed mean of 137Cs concentration in the seepage water and the total 137Cs content of the soil) is about one order of magnitude less than the mean transport velocity (1.2 ± 0.3 mm/a) over the past 25 years (calculated from the 137Cs depth profile). It is possible that the transport velocity of 137Cs in undisturbed soils decreases with time as it binds to aged organic material which is less easily decomposable than fresh organic material.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00157418
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lead and cesium transport in european forest soils (1991)
    Springer
    Water, air & soil pollution 57-58 (1991), S. 809-818 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2932
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract The downward velocity of Pb and Cs in undisturbed European forest soils is determined from the depth distribution of atmospheric 210Pb , and from the penetration depth of the bomb Cs peak in the soil. The downward velocity of Pb and Cs shows no correlation with soil type and pH. The downward migration of Pb and Cs is found to be due to an apparent downward movement of organic material, caused by the sedimentation of soil organic matter and subsequent turnover into CO2 . Cs migration, however, shows an additional velocity component which is found to depend on the turnover rate of soil organic matter.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00282944
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Laboratory experiments to investigate the influence of microbial activity on the migration of cesium in a forest soil (1991)
    Springer
    Water, air & soil pollution 57-58 (1991), S. 441-447 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2932
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Factors affecting the velocity of downward migration of Cs in the soil were studied in the laboratory. Undisturbed soil cores were irrigated under various conditions. The displacement of 137Cs and 134Cs which was deposited at the soil surface during the atmospheric nuclear weapon testing in the sixties and after' the reactor accident at Chernobyl in 1986 was measured. The mobilization of Cs was found to be independent of the chemical composition of the irrigation water and the soil type. A significant displacement of Cs was observed only by heating the soil cores to 30 and 40 °C, respectively. This mobilization may be due to an increased turnover of soil organic material, as indicated by a raised CO2 production in the cores and an increased DOC concentration in the seepage water.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00282907
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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